The qualities that modern enterprise managers should possess.
I. Quality structure
The quality of enterprise managers is the synthesis of various conditions that enterprise managers must have. Quality is a holistic and comprehensive concept. In quality, different conditions form different structures.
Based on the theories and viewpoints of previous studies, this paper divides the quality structure of enterprise managers into three aspects: basic quality, professional quality and special quality, and discusses the concrete embodiment of these three aspects in individual enterprise managers.
Second, the basic quality
Basic quality refers to the basic requirements and conditions that enterprise managers must have. As the saying goes, deep roots can flourish. Basic quality is not a special requirement for enterprise managers, but it determines the overall quality of enterprise managers and affects the development and promotion of other qualities of enterprise managers.
1, moral and ethical quality
1) Correct world outlook and values. As managers of socialist enterprises, we must establish a correct and scientific Marxist world outlook and life values. The purpose of an enterprise is to make profits, but making profits does not mean that it is mercenary, ignoring national interests and social responsibilities, or even harming the interests of the collective and the state for the benefit of small groups. To have a correct world outlook and values, enterprise managers need to strengthen the study of theoretical knowledge and the cultivation of theoretical literacy, and arm their minds with Marxist thought. Some people may argue that we are engaged in economy and enterprise, as long as we don't break the law and don't need to learn and cultivate theories, or we are not made in party member, as long as we do things in a down-to-earth manner. In fact, this understanding is a misunderstanding of outlook on life and values. The important embodiment of outlook on life and values lies in the choice of managers on major issues related to right and wrong. In recent years, the fall of a large number of enterprise executives and some well-known entrepreneurs also reflects to some extent that managers have given up the cultivation of values and world outlook and eventually fell into? Prisoner? This phenomenon is worth pondering.
2) noble moral sentiments and cultivation. Morality is a code of conduct for establishing a good social ethical order. Kong Old Master Q taught his favorite student Yan Yuan to say? See no evil, don't listen to evil, don't talk evil, don't move evil? ,? Indecent assault? Those who don't conform to social ethics. What is the relationship between business and moral cultivation? Actually, I learned it. Is the enterprise manager the leader or the enterprise? Up and down? It is hard for us to imagine that a manager with moral corruption can show his talents in enterprise management. In recent years, some fast-growing private enterprises have encountered management bottlenecks and are seeking? Professional manager? In this process, the first concern is the personality of professional managers, that is, moral issues. This case reflects the close relationship between moral sentiment and business. Moral hazard is the biggest risk for private entrepreneurs.
3) Good professional ethics and reputation. Professional ethics is a part of morality, but it puts forward professional requirements for enterprise managers more clearly. Enterprise managers are not only the backbone of entrepreneurs, but also an important class of society. The report "Social Strata in Contemporary China" published by China Academy of Social Sciences is devoted to the management, that is, the middle and senior management of enterprises. If there is no professional ethics and integrity, it will be the biggest erosion of the cornerstone of enterprise management, and it will also be a road of self-destruction for individual enterprise managers.
2. Psychological personality quality
1) Broad-minded. Enterprise managers must have a broad mind on the leading role of enterprises. Enterprise managers will face different voices, different viewpoints and even critical voices and pressures in their work. In the face of criticism and accusations from industry, media and other organizations, enterprise managers must take? Change it if you have it, and encourage it if you don't? Treat it in the normal way For different views from within, enterprise managers must be able to have the boldness of vision and create a good situation to expand their knowledge and express their opinions. French social psychologist H? m？ Tory has a famous saying called. Tory theorem? The test of a person's intelligence is only to see whether his mind can accommodate two opposite thoughts at the same time without interfering with his behavior. Enterprise managers should reach this level.
2) Open mind. Facing the ever-developing society and the ever-changing science and technology, managers should have an open mind and actively understand and accept new things. It is necessary not only to establish a mechanism to bring forth the old and bring forth the new within the enterprise, but also to let managers establish corresponding thinking habits and behavior habits to keep up with the changes in the outside world and keep pace with the times. An open mind requires managers to change their old-fashioned mentality of being complacent and content with the status quo, and constantly achieve self-breakthrough and development.
3) Tough perseverance and willpower. Enterprise management is not sitting? Tailwind boat? , you can successfully achieve the established purpose. There are various risks in enterprise management, such as commercial risk, market risk, policy risk, credit risk and management risk, and enterprise management itself is accompanied by risks. This requires enterprise managers to have a clear understanding of risks. When encountering risks, we should be persistent and take active measures to solve the problem. Enterprise managers must hone their perseverance in enterprise practice to understand? Who laughs last is the winner? Realm.
4) Personal self-control. Enterprise managers are the backbone of enterprises and society and people with certain social status. In work and life, enterprise managers will encounter all kinds of abnormal, unfair and even immoral and illegal temptations. Power trading, power trading, money trading, shady trading and behind-the-scenes operation are all manifestations of precipitation in recent years. Enterprise managers must treat temptation correctly and have good self-control. ? No desire is just? Of course, it is the highest realm, but? Right? This is a wise choice.
3. Basic knowledge quality
1) Solid basic knowledge. Basic knowledge refers to the basic knowledge of society and the world. Basic knowledge includes natural science knowledge and humanities and social science knowledge. Natural science knowledge includes geography, biology, physics, chemistry, astronomy, mathematics and so on; The knowledge of humanities and social sciences includes philosophy, politics, history, psychology, language and military affairs. At present, there is still a tendency to attach importance to natural science and ignore humanities in society, believing that natural science can directly promote social progress and improve people's living standards. In fact, we see that successful people, whether scientists, politicians or management masters, all have good humanistic knowledge. As enterprise managers who undertake major decision-making, coordination and management, they should attach great importance to basic knowledge including humanities and social sciences.
2) Perfect knowledge structure. Knowledge structure refers to the composition of all kinds of knowledge owned by individuals, such as the composition of natural science and social science mentioned above and their internal composition. Of course, a perfect knowledge structure is not to blame the perfection of managers, but to become a university expert. A perfect knowledge structure requires managers to be relatively balanced in knowledge and not to have major knowledge defects.
4, in addition to the above aspects, as a business manager should have a healthy body. This is the easiest point to understand, but it is also easy to be ignored. The domestic media made a survey of enterprise managers and found that sub-health is very common among enterprise managers. Many managers also suffer from different physical and psychological diseases. Enterprise managers advance under high pressure every day, but they must not lose their roots. Enterprise managers must not be careless in this respect.
Third, professional quality.
Professional quality refers to the necessary quality for enterprise managers to implement enterprise management behaviors and activities, and professional quality is the basic requirement for enterprise managers to perform their duties.
1, dedication and enthusiasm for enterprise management. Concentration and enthusiasm for enterprise management should be an important requirement for every manager who wants to succeed. With this spirit and attitude, enterprise managers can devote their energy, maximize their potential and contribute their wisdom. Similarly, an enthusiastic enterprise manager will infect employees and make them treat their work with the same enthusiasm. Only in this way can enterprises be full of vigor and vitality. If a lifeless and enthusiastic person leads an enterprise, then the prospect of this enterprise is very worrying.
2, enterprise management knowledge requirements
The work object of enterprise managers is enterprises, and their work behavior is management. Therefore, as a qualified enterprise manager, you must have a solid knowledge base of enterprise management. Enterprise management is a comprehensive and practical knowledge, and enterprise managers must constantly learn and understand enterprise management knowledge to lay a good foundation for practice.
1) Basic management knowledge such as planning, organization, coordination and control. The main activity of enterprise managers is management. Enterprise management refers to the coordination of human, material and financial resources through planning, organization, control, encouragement and leadership to achieve the goals set by the enterprise. The basic functions of management are planning, organizing, controlling, encouraging, coordinating and leading. Therefore, enterprise managers must have a deep understanding of this knowledge.
2) Business management knowledge such as marketing, procurement, R&D, service, production, quality, finance, human resources and information construction. Enterprise management is a systematic project. From marketing to product service, from material management to human resource management, enterprise management activities are supported by different links and functions. Enterprise managers must seriously study and understand the operating rules, characteristics, norms and key points of each link and function. Of course, due to the different division of labor of managers in enterprises, as managers of other enterprises, in addition to the managers who are fully responsible for all the above links and functions, they should concentrate on their own business and study hard.
3) Industry and industry knowledge. Compared with the overall level of the national economy, enterprises are the micro-organization of the national economy. Enterprises are a part of all walks of life in the national economy. Enterprise managers must clearly understand the position, function, division of labor and characteristics of enterprises in corresponding industries and industries. Only in this way can enterprise managers plan enterprises correctly. Therefore, enterprise managers should learn and understand the industry and industry knowledge, and always grasp the development and changes of the industry and industry.
4) Knowledge of other related disciplines. Enterprise management is a comprehensive subject. It involves political science, economics, psychology, anthropology, history, physiology, ethics, mathematics, statistics, operational research, systematics, accounting, law and other knowledge. Therefore, in addition to the management function knowledge, business knowledge and industry knowledge mentioned above, enterprise managers should also understand relevant subject knowledge. Especially in today's rapidly changing new knowledge, enterprise managers should attach great importance to this aspect of learning.