Because the child's physical and mental development is not perfect, the physical and mental foundation is weak, the ability is lacking, and the dependence on adults is high. Therefore, adults need to provide children with a good living environment, all-round care and love. Their main purpose is to meet the needs of children's physical and mental development, minimize the harm caused by external adverse factors, and are an important guarantee for maintaining and improving children's physical and mental health.
The guide points out in the field of health: "Adults should provide children with reasonable and balanced nutrition, ensure adequate sleep and appropriate exercise, and meet the needs of children's growth and development; Create a warm interpersonal environment so that children can fully feel their affection and care and form a positive and stable mood. " At the same time, in the educational suggestions, it is further proposed to "create a safe living environment and provide necessary protective measures", "make tables and chairs suitable", "treat children with appreciation" and "help children learn to express and control their emotions properly". According to the above requirements and educational suggestions, around the living environment of children, we can sum up the following two points.
First, providing children with a safe, hygienic and material environment conducive to growth and development, and taking good care of their daily lives are directly related to their normal growth and health.
Second, provide children with a warm, relaxed and supportive psychological and social environment, let them feel the respect, understanding, care and acceptance given by adults, let them live and act happily, and form a sense of security and trust in adults, which is conducive to the healthy development of children's psychology.
Specific requirements for children's daily living arrangements, children's diet, sanitation and disinfection, and injury prevention. It is clearly stipulated in the Health Care Standard for Nurseries and Kindergartens promulgated by the Ministry of Health on March 20 12. Kindergartens should seriously implement it, which is an important link to provide children with a good living environment.
(2) Infiltrate the guidance of health field in children's daily life.
Most of the learning and development goals in the field of children's health are closely related to eating, living, walking and playing in daily life. Every aspect of a child's life contains many opportunities for learning and development. In this process, it is natural and effective to infiltrate the guidance of health field. Children can gradually acquire healthy behaviors and develop their abilities through frequent and repeated experience, study, practice and practice in daily life.
Among the educational suggestions in the field of health, the guide puts forward: "Remind children to keep the correct posture of standing, sitting and walking", "Ask for information actively when children are unhappy to help children resolve negative emotions", "Always bring children into contact with different interpersonal environments, such as attending parties with relatives and friends, playing with unfamiliar children more", "Encourage children to walk more and take fewer cars in daily life" and "Remind children to protect their five senses, such as Keep a distance of about 3 meters when watching TV ","help children understand unsafe things in the surrounding environment and don't do dangerous things ","tell children not to allow others to touch their private parts "; Wait a minute. All these reflect the educational concept that health guidance should penetrate into children's daily life. We should fully realize that daily life is the content and way of children's learning and development, provide suitable opportunities for children's learning and development, and reduce arranged substitution.
Children like to imitate, and the behavior of adults often becomes the content of children's imitation. Children learn by observing and imitating. Children can not only imitate some healthy behaviors from adults, but also learn some unhealthy behaviors from adults. What adults say and do will affect children, especially parents, because they spend the longest time with their children and have a great influence. In the educational suggestions in the field of health, the guide suggests that adults should "maintain a good emotional state and influence their children with positive and happy emotions" and "adults should express their emotions in an appropriate way and set an example for their children. For example, don't play cards when you are angry, and don't take it out on others. This is to expect adults to appear in front of children with a positive image and set an example for children.
(three) to carry out health education activities for children around a health theme.
The guide puts forward many topics about children's health education activities around the goal of children's learning and development in health education suggestions. For example, "Adults and children talk about their happiness or anger together, and encourage children to share their emotions with others", "Help children understand the nutritional value of food, and guide children not to be partial to food, picky eaters, eat less or eat unhealthy food", "Kindergartens should regularly conduct escape drills for natural disasters such as fires and earthquakes"; Wait a minute.
Carrying out children's health education activities with certain health themes can provide more specific and in-depth health guidance for all children, which is an important way to help all children form health awareness, acquire basic health knowledge and cultivate healthy behaviors and habits. Therefore, it is necessary for kindergartens to carry out children's health education activities purposefully and planned according to their age characteristics, actual life and development needs.