Hormone is the most important anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug for lupus erythematosus. Corticosteroids have been used to treat lupus erythematosus for more than 50 years. In this short history, there are both successful experiences and failed lessons. In the process of continuous exploration and intermittent discussion, people come to the conclusion that the application of any drug has both positive and negative effects. As far as hormones are concerned, if used well, they can be said to be life-saving drugs, and it is not too much to compare them to a bridge to health.
1, infection: Because it can inhibit the body's response to inflammation, the body's ability to resist infection is reduced. Therefore, superficial or slight infection may evolve into systemic infection, and static infection may turn into active infection, which may cause the migration and spread of purulent lesions, tuberculosis and other potential lesions. Therefore, we should pay attention to the prevention of infection, carefully observe the condition, reduce the dosage and stop taking drugs in time when necessary, and be sure to use drugs in combination when acute infection and poisoning occur.
2, posture change: Many patients with hormone therapy can have posture changes, affecting the patient's spirit and mood. Because long-term application of hormones can redistribute fat, patients may have body changes such as full moon face, buffalo back, trunk obesity, and centripetal obesity of limbs, and acne, hirsutism, and purple skin lines will also affect their appearance.
3. Diabetes: Hormones can increase liver glycogen, supplement blood sugar and induce diabetes. When using glucocorticoid in large quantities, we should pay attention to the changes of blood sugar and urine sugar. If hyperglycemia occurs, hypoglycemic drugs and insulin should be given if necessary, but with the decrease of hormone dosage, the dosage of hypoglycemic drugs or insulin can be reduced.
4. Osteoporosis: Hormones can decalcify bones and turn them into osteoporosis. Osteoporosis refers to the reduction of bone mass per unit volume, just like building a house reduces the amount of steel bars and is easy to cause fractures. Aseptic osteonecrosis, especially femoral head necrosis, is also a common complication, but its pathogenesis may be femoral head necrosis caused by blood circulation disorder and capillary inflammation, because its necrosis is not caused by bacterial infection. Also called aseptic necrosis of femoral head. Therefore, patients who take hormones for a long time must have regular bone mineral density measurements to detect them. At the same time, taking vitamins and calcium preparations at the same time as taking hormones can reduce the decrease of bone mass caused by corticosteroids and prevent osteoporosis. Proper physical exercise can promote the blood circulation and metabolism of bones, and help to prevent and treat osteoporosis and femoral head necrosis. Calcium supplementation is a long-term task, and patients must adhere to it.
5, peptic ulcer: hormones can stimulate gastric acid, pepsin secretion, too much digestive juice can often cause gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and even perforation and bleeding. If patients have digestive tract symptoms, they should be taken together with antacids when taking hormones to protect the gastric mucosa from damage. Ranitidine, Chen Bailu and others. Commonly used in clinic, it can be used as a synergistic drug for oral hormone drugs.
6, electrolyte disorders and hypertension: hormones can lead to water and sodium retention and edema, many patients have high blood pressure. Due to the increase of potassium excretion, patients often have low potassium. For patients with congestive heart failure or obvious peripheral edema, we should choose hormones that have little effect on water and salt metabolism and check the electrolyte balance of patients regularly. Hormone drugs are often associated with hypertension, especially in patients with lupus kidney. At this time, on the one hand, we should try to reduce the dosage of hormones. On the one hand, use appropriate antihypertensive drugs, such as propranolol and captopril. Although some antihypertensive drugs may have side effects on lupus constitution, they still need to be used decisively after weighing the pros and cons.
7. Others: When a large number of corticosteroids are used, patients may obviously appear excitement, irritability, euphoria, mental irritability, insomnia, depression or psychosis. Long-term and large-scale use of hormones will cause muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, even myositis, elevated intraocular pressure, even glaucoma, cortical gland dysfunction and so on. Irregular menstruation and even amenorrhea are also common. Hormones have a greater impact on the stomach and make people eat more, even if you control it. It will take some time after stopping taking the medicine, and it will return to its original appearance!
Hormones will make you fat, and there is little chance of losing weight. However, if you take hormones, you can lose weight as long as you stop taking them. Generally speaking, it is normal to gain weight 10 to 20kg, about 4 to 5 tablets.
At that time, you were the fattest. When you stop taking drugs completely for about half a year, you can return to normal. Hormones are transliterated as hormones. In Greek, it means "get up" and plays an important role in regulating the metabolism, growth, development and reproduction of the body.
It is a chemical information substance synthesized by highly differentiated endocrine cells and secreted directly into the blood, which affects the physiological activities of the human body by regulating the metabolic activities of various tissues and cells. Efficient bioactive substances secreted by endocrine glands or endocrine cells act as messengers to transmit information in the body, and substances that regulate physiological processes of the body are called hormones. They are important substances in our lives.
The role of hormones is an important substance to regulate the normal activities of the body. None of them can start a new metabolic process in the body. They do not directly participate in the transformation of matter or energy, but directly or indirectly promote or slow down the original metabolic process in the body. If growth and development is the original metabolic process of human body, the increase of growth hormone or other related hormones can accelerate this process, while the decrease will delay growth and development. Hormones have a great influence on human reproduction, growth and development, and other physiological functions, behavioral changes and adaptation to the internal and external environment can all play an important regulatory role. Once the hormone secretion is unbalanced, it will bring diseases.
Hormones only play a unique role in certain tissues or cells (called target tissues or target cells). Every tissue and cell in the human body can be the target tissue or cell of one hormone or another hormone. For each hormone, one or more tissues and cells can be selected as the target tissues or cells of the hormone. For example, growth hormone can play a unique role in bones, muscles, connective tissues and internal organs, making the human body grow tall and strong. But muscles can also be used.
Although the physiological functions of hormones are very complicated, they can be summarized into five aspects: First, they provide energy for life activities and maintain the dynamic balance of metabolism by regulating the metabolism of protein, sugar and fat, water and salt. Second, it can promote the proliferation and differentiation of cells, affect the aging of cells, ensure the normal growth and development of tissues and organs, and update and age cells. For example, growth hormone and thyroid hormone, sex hormones are hormones that promote growth and development. Thirdly, they promote the maturity and reproductive function of reproductive organs, as well as the secretion and regulation of sex hormones, including a series of reproductive processes such as oviposition, ovulation, spermatogenesis, fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and lactation. Fourthly, they affect the development and activities of the central nervous system and autonomic nervous system, and their relationship with learning, memory and behavior. Fifth, closely cooperate with the nervous system to adjust the body's adaptation to the environment. It is difficult to completely separate the above five functions, and no matter which one, hormones only play the role of messengers, transmit information about certain physiological processes, accelerate or slow down physiological processes, and cannot cause any new physiological activities. It doesn't matter if it takes five days in a short time. Generally, complications will occur in about five months. I suggest you pay attention to symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a doctor and gradually reduce it.