There are many reasons for teachers' psychological problems, and the psychological conflict brought by teachers' multiple roles is an important reason for teachers' mental health problems. The nature of teachers' work determines that teachers should play multiple roles: imparting knowledge and managing students' activities; Students' friends and therapists; Interpersonal contacts need to deal with other teachers, parents of students and school leaders; At the same time, be a father, a mother and a son. Multi-directional role transformation is easy to cause teachers' psychological contradictions and conflicts, resulting in teachers' mental health problems.
2. Maintaining and promoting teachers' mental health is a systematic project, which requires the strong support of the whole society and the unremitting efforts of all teachers. In view of teachers' mental health problems, I think:
1. Strengthen role learning and establish correct role cognition and self-concept.
With the development of society and the deepening of educational reform, we need to make necessary adjustments to teachers' professional roles according to the characteristics of the times and the characteristics of educational objects. While seeing the changes in teachers' professional roles, teachers themselves need to understand the true meaning of these changes, establish correct role cognition and prevent role anxiety. Role learning is one of the ways to prevent anxiety. When a variety of roles conflict and teachers can't tell who they are, anxiety is easy to occur. In fact, the main problem for teachers to adapt to the profession is to learn to play an appropriate role. In the first few years of new teachers' work, they spend almost all their time studying the new role of teachers. When teachers begin to feel that these roles they play are effective and appropriate, many problems will be solved and the degree of anxiety will be reduced. Because at this time, even in the face of all kinds of situations that have to be faced in teaching work, teachers know what to do, how to ask themselves and how to ask students. Most of the anxiety of new teachers is because they can't predict what will happen, let alone know how to deal with it. Through professional role learning, these uncertain factors and the unpredictability of teaching situation can be alleviated or eliminated. In this way, role learning will help teachers to eliminate or reduce the anxiety that may occur in teaching.
2. Establish a correct concept of education.
Cognitive activities are the basis of all human psychological activities and behaviors. Teachers' unreasonable cognition will not only affect their own mental health, but also lead to the deviation of educational behavior, thus affecting students' mental health. Unreasonable cognition that often affects teachers' mental health includes: wrong view of teachers' profession. They think that teachers have high social status, but low economic status, and look down on their profession. Wrong view of students. It is considered that students are difficult to manage, and their naughty and disciplinary behaviors are regarded by parents as spoiled or stubborn by nature, rather than occasional mistakes or growing problems, and students are not regarded as independent individuals; Wrong view of talents. Some teachers think that only students who study well are geniuses, so they always look up to them and really look down on those students with poor grades, thus inadvertently treating them in two completely different ways. The above unreasonable cognition is the main ideological basis of teachers' bad mentality, which must be paid attention to and corrected.
3. Strong will, good character and optimistic attitude
The strong will and good character of primary and secondary school teachers are not innate, but gradually formed in the social practice of overcoming difficulties in work and life. Strong will and good character can encourage teachers to keep an optimistic, cheerful and leisurely attitude, positive and stable mood, not anxious, not busy, not winning or losing, and calmly solve all unpleasant problems when facing various difficulties and setbacks. This is a necessary prerequisite for primary and secondary school teachers to do a good job in education and teaching.
Man is right and so is his world. Optimism is one of the important factors in the mental health of primary and secondary school teachers. An optimistic mental state is a good medicine to promote teachers' physical and mental health. In real work and life, teachers will inevitably encounter difficulties of one kind or another, resulting in various psychological problems; Sometimes I get into trouble, depression and anxiety. If the mentality is not adjusted and channeled in time, it will easily lead to strong psychological conflicts and psychological obstacles or diseases. Therefore, teachers should laugh at difficulties and have a leisurely spirit of "no matter how rough the storm is, it is better than walking around". Only in this way can we have a chance to restore psychological balance, so as not to be overwhelmed, troubled and worried by the right and wrong of the world of mortals, and always face life with an optimistic and healthy attitude.
4. Learn to control emotions and vent and relax reasonably. Learn common sense of psychology, adjust psychology and keep balance.
Teachers should control their negative emotions in front of students, and don't bring frustration to class, let alone vent it on students. The method of emotional control can be started from two aspects: analyze the causes of bad emotions from the cognitive point of view to see if their reactions are reasonable and appropriate; Control the possible impulsive behavior from the emotion itself, and conduct appropriate counseling by reasonable or indirect means. For example, remind yourself not to criticize students when you are emotional. Wait until you can calmly deal with the problem before criticizing the students to prevent excessive words and deeds. If you accumulate too many bad emotions and can't get proper catharsis, it is easy to cause mental and physical tension. This kind of tension lasts too long or its intensity is too large, which may also lead to psychosomatic diseases. Therefore, teachers should also choose the right time and reasonable way to vent their emotions. Emotional catharsis can start from "body" and "mind". In the aspect of "mind", such as crying or laughing loudly under appropriate circumstances, pouring out one's heart to close and trusted friends or relatives, and writing letters or diaries to oneself. "Body" such as strenuous physical labor, singing, shopping, buying things you like and so on. You can also travel, cultivate your own sentiment from nature and so on.
5. Strengthen physical exercise and develop good health habits.
People's physical health is closely related to people's emotions. Healthy psychology lies in healthy physiology and body, which is the basis of normal life and work. To maintain a good attitude, teachers must develop good physical hygiene habits and pay attention to the following three points: (1) Pay attention to the adjustment of psychological work and rest; Strengthen the nutrition of the brain; Strengthen physical exercise. However, teachers should pay attention to the problem of quantity in physical exercise, so as to avoid backfiring and affecting normal work and study because of fatigue.
As the main force and promoter of school mental health education, teachers' mental health status will directly affect the realization of their educational functions and the embodiment of their educational values, which is related to the success or failure of school mental health education and the healthy growth of the next generation. Therefore, the problem of teachers' mental health is a problem that can not be ignored, and it should be widely concerned by the education department and even the whole society.