1, normal a few days before menstrual cycle?
The normal female menstrual cycle is 28 days, and the normal range is 7 days later or 7 days earlier, that is, 2 1-35 days.
Menstruation refers to regular and periodic uterine bleeding, also known as monthly events, monthly water, monthly letters, holidays and so on. Strictly speaking, with this bleeding, there should be follicular maturation, ovulation and corpus luteum formation in the ovary, and the endometrium will change from hyperplasia to secretion. Therefore, women's menstruation should have a normal cycle, menstrual period, menstrual volume, menstrual color and menstrual quality.
Normal menstruation has periodicity. How many days is the menstrual cycle normal? The first day of menstrual bleeding is the beginning of menstrual cycle, and the interval between the first days of menstruation is called a menstrual cycle. A menstrual cycle is generally 2 1-35 days, with an average of 28 days. The length of women's menstrual cycle varies from person to person. Occasionally, it can still be regarded as normal to advance or postpone for no more than 7 days, that is, the menstrual cycle should not be less than 265,438+0 days and not more than 35 days. This menstrual cycle is a normal menstrual cycle.
Women experience menstruation once a month, which is called menstrual period. Generally, the menstrual period lasts 2-7 days, with an average of 3-5 days.
Women stop menstruating during pregnancy and lactation. Menstruation is the total blood loss in a menstrual cycle, and the normal menstrual flow is mostly 20-60ml. If the menstrual flow is greater than 80ml, it is menorrhagia.
Menstruation is a normal physiological phenomenon of women, and there are generally no special symptoms during menstruation. However, some women may have abdominal and lumbosacral discomfort, and a few women are cute enough to have headaches and mild nervous system instability.
Of course, the menstrual cycle of different women varies from person to person. Under normal circumstances, every woman should have her own menstrual cycle, but some women have a menstrual cycle of less than 20 days, or some women have a menstrual cycle of 36 days. However, according to the clinical investigation statistics of relevant departments, only 10% of women can have a menstrual cycle of 28 days to 30 days.
Therefore, it is generally believed that it is normal as long as the menstrual interval is the same. If irregular menstruation occurs in advance or later, it is an abnormal phenomenon, and there are many factors that affect the menstrual cycle, among which it is likely to be a symptom of a certain disease, so it is necessary to accurately record the time of each time, otherwise it is difficult to infer only by impression.
2. How to calculate the menstrual cycle?
As a woman, you should know more about this knowledge, and calculating your menstrual cycle is an essential skill, so that you can better understand your physical health.
The calculation of menstrual cycle should include the time of menstrual cramps, from the first day of menstrual cramps to the beginning of menstrual cycle, and the interval between two menstruation is menstrual cycle. Some women also use menstrual cycle calculator to calculate menstrual cycle. Menstrual period generally begins at 13- 14 years old, the earliest at 1 1 year old or at the latest at 15 years old, which shows that women's ovarian function is mature, which means they have fertility. Normal menstruation has periodicity. Menstrual cycle refers to the time between the first days of two menses.
3, the formation of menstruation
Menstruation is regulated by the interaction of reproductive hormones among hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary. During the menstrual period and proliferation period of menstrual cycle, the levels of estradiol and progesterone in blood are very low, which weakens or eliminates the negative feedback on adenohypophysis and hypothalamus, leading to the increase of gonadotropin secreted by hypothalamus, which in turn leads to the increase of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone secreted by adenohypophysis, thus gradually increasing follicular development and estrogen secretion. At this time, estrogen stimulates the endometrium to enter the proliferative phase. Luteinizing hormone increases progesterone secretion, leading to ovulation. During this period, the levels of estrogen and progesterone increased. This has negative feedback inhibition on hypothalamus and pituitary gland, thus reducing the levels of ovulation stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, leading to luteal degeneration, and further reducing the levels of estrogen and progesterone. The endometrium loses the support of these two hormones and falls off and bleeds, which means menstruation. At this time, the decrease of estrogen and progesterone begins the next menstrual cycle.
4, menstrual cramps
Menstruation is also called menstrual bleeding. Menstruation is a sign that women are not pregnant (but it is not certain that menstrual bleeding sometimes occurs in early pregnancy). During reproduction, no bleeding during menstruation means that a woman is pregnant. When the expected period does not come, a woman may say that her period is late, but she may be pregnant.
Normal menstruation refers to menstrual cramps that last for several days (usually 3-5 days, but 2-7 days are generally accepted). The average menstrual blood loss is 35 ml, and 10-80 ml is also normal. Some women also found that it is normal for endometrial tissue to be mixed with blood during menstrual cramps. Fibrinolytic enzymes in endometrium tend to inhibit blood coagulation. Because of blood loss, in order to avoid iron deficiency, the iron content in women's diet is higher than that of men. With the increase of women who have experienced the symptoms of uterine spasm (severe uterine spasm or other symptoms called menstrual pain), an industry has been developed to provide women with relevant sanitary products during menstruation, including sanitary napkins and tampons. Among cohabiting women, the onset of menstrual cramps is often a little synchronous, which is called "McLintock effect". It was first discovered in 197 1 year, and 1998 was verified by pheromone, but later investigations still classified this result as suspicion.
5. What's wrong with short menstrual period?
1, ovarian dysfunction
Ovary is an important reproductive organ of women. If ovarian function declines, such as premature ovarian failure, female estrogen will decrease, resulting in a decrease in menstrual flow and a shorter menstrual cycle.
2, uterine bleeding
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is a gynecological disease. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding refers to abnormal uterine bleeding, which may lead to more or less menstrual flow, so this is one of the reasons for shortening menstrual cycle.
3. Luteal insufficiency
The menstrual cycle includes luteal phase. Luteal insufficiency is mainly due to the shortening of the relatively fixed luteal phase, thus shortening the menstrual cycle.
4, uterine fibroids
Some patients with uterine fibroids have frequent menstruation, and the menstrual cycle is shortened because of frequent menstruation.
5. Bleeding during ovulation
Ovulation is a part of menstrual cycle, and some women who have more bleeding during ovulation may also show frequent menstruation, which will affect normal menstruation, which is one of the reasons for the short menstrual cycle.