The educational process of guiding and educating people to develop healthy behaviors and make them reach the best health state. Health education, like general education, is related to the change of people's knowledge, attitude and behavior. It guides and educates people to develop and maintain a healthy life and make rational and scientific use of existing health facilities; And consciously participate in various activities to improve individual and collective health. Health means that people are in a good state of self-awareness and vitality in physical, psychological and social adaptability. It not only requires a person's body to be free from disease and weakness, but also maintains a perfect state of physical, mental and social adaptability. Health is the basic right of human beings, and achieving the best possible health level is one of the most important social goals of human beings.
The main purpose is to spread health knowledge and skills, carry out behavior and moral education, and improve the health and self-care ability of the whole society. Its theoretical basis and professional technology come from medicine, sociology, education, psychology, behavioral science, communication, popular science, statistics and aesthetics.
Features: It is not only the dissemination of health knowledge, but also concrete guidance and practice. Through planned learning process and planned social action, the educated can increase their health knowledge, believe in science and change behaviors harmful to health. Enhance people's awareness and ability of health care. Therefore, the educational content should be ideological, scientific, targeted and interesting, and meet the possibility of the local people's economic burden at that time. Educators should help the educated get rid of old habits and concepts, learn new ideas and new knowledge, change unhealthy behaviors, develop good habits that are beneficial to health, and consciously and voluntarily safeguard the physical and mental health of themselves and the public. The object of education ranges from society, family to individual. The key is to transform knowledge and technology into human behavior and gain the ability to control health-related diseases, behaviors and the environment. Health educators are not only disseminators of knowledge, but also initiators of health policies, promoters of individual and collective actions, and diggers of health resources.
Health education is divided into two categories: school health education and public health education, which is also called public health education. The purpose of school health education is to guide students to maintain healthy behavior in their growth and daily life; Help students increase their knowledge, inspire them to consciously adopt words and deeds that are beneficial to health, and influence their families and people around them. The objects of public health education are individuals, institutions and social groups. Its purpose is to help people or organize people to understand behaviors and problems that affect their personal or public health, so as to change their habits and behaviors, or try to change their environment to meet health requirements. According to people's living environment, occupation, age and gender, health education can be divided into urban health education, adolescent health education, elderly health education, workers' occupational health and safety education, service industry health education, public health education, medical institutions health education, disability rehabilitation health education, disease prevention and treatment, family planning publicity education, sex education, mental health education and lifestyle health education.
Methods and media There are many ways and media to implement health education, such as speech education, writing education, image education, health photography, audio-visual education, health literature and art propaganda, exhibition education, newspapers and magazines, radio and television, etc. The methods used vary from time to time, from place to place and from person to person.
The first frame structure is a theoretical model of health education put forward by American health education expert Green. PRECEDE is the abbreviation of preposition, compensation and enabling reason (promoting factor, consolidating factor and realizing factor in educational diagnosis and evaluation) in English and Chinese. Using this framework to design an education plan begins with the result analysis and goes through several continuous analysis processes.
The implementation methods of health education are also constantly improving. In the past, it only emphasized the one-way mass communication education model, but now it emphasizes both communication and education, and the combination of communication and educational means; Pay attention to behavior change and its effect evaluation; Emphasis should be placed on children, strengthening school health education, focusing on the combination of cultivating good behavior and correcting bad habits, and focusing on training. Britain, the United States, Japan, Finland, Singapore and other countries, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan Province Province in China, have implemented this kind of health education and achieved remarkable results.