Early Education Paper 1: Reflections on Early Education Every child has the right to receive education, develop his potential and get a good start in life. Preschool institutions and families should respect the objective laws of children's learning and development, protect children's innate curiosity and desire for learning, fully tap and make use of precious resources and educational opportunities in children's daily life, and integrate education into life and games. Stop learning and practice in advance, prevent preschool education from becoming primary school, so that every child can receive scientific and high-quality care and education, and get sustainable development and happy childhood in the future.
Keywords: early education guidance, safety education, family education
Life is a hundred years, based on childhood. 0? 6 years old is the most important enlightenment stage of life, and scientific and high-quality early education plays an important role in people's follow-up study and lifelong development. Therefore, educating children in a planned and organized way will directly affect their growth and the progress and development of the whole society. Promoting the development of each child at different levels is the pursuit of all adults, especially parents and child development practitioners, so we must first understand and think about what is most important to children.
There is no doubt that life is the most important thing for children. The existence of life is the premise of all other existence, and health, as the guarantee of life, has become the basis of learning and development in other aspects.
Secondly, personality, that is, how to be a man, how to live and improve the quality of life. In fact, these are all the same as what we often say: good behavior habits form a good attitude towards life and are the basis and guarantee for a person's subsequent development.
The third is contribution, that is, serving the society. Social service projects are not limited to these. 360 lines? It is an important aspect of early education to understand the contribution and important role of workers in various industries to society and establish a good sense of honor and disgrace and service.
The fourth is talent, that is, talent, talent and talent. The most irrelevant things are birth, gender, appearance and height.
However, looking at our current phenomenon of early education, many people put the cart before the horse: re-feeding and neglecting education; Pay more attention to cognition than exercise; Pay more attention to norms than morality; Pay more attention to material things than spiritual comfort; Pay more attention to short-term goals than long-term goals; Pay more attention to IQ development than EQ training; Pay more attention to knowledge and skills than social adaptation; Pay more attention to the study of appearance skills than the shaping of ethical and moral soul; Pay more attention to the success of learning results than the happiness of learning process.
As a practitioner of children's development, what should be done to better guide children's development? I got a lot of inspiration from the learning and development guide for children aged 3 ~ 6. The Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3 ~ 6 is like a compass, which guides our early education for children.
The Guide divides children's learning and development into five areas: health, language, society, science and art, and each area is divided into several aspects according to the most basic and important content of children's learning and development. Each aspect consists of two parts: learning and development goals and educational suggestions.
Learning and development goals are 3? 4 years old, 4? Five years old, five years old? At the end of the age of 6, put forward what children should know, what they can do and what level of development they can achieve. The education suggestion part lists some educational ways and methods that can effectively help and promote children's learning and development. Among them, I am most moved by the following aspects:
First of all, understanding and recognizing the concept of the Guide is the premise of using the Guide correctly.
Educational ideas have a great influence on preschool education. Different understanding of children's learning and development will lead to different understanding and attitudes towards children's learning and development, different educational methods and guidance methods, and different consequences for children's learning and development. Therefore, to do a good job in early childhood education, we must first understand and agree with the concept of the Guide and correctly grasp the standards and educational suggestions of the Guide.
Second, the guide is different from the outline.
The outline is the basis for formulating guidelines. It guides and manages the protection and education of preschool institutions from a macro perspective. From the perspective of improving the quality of kindergarten education, this paper points out what should be taught and what should be taught in all fields. Teaching? What is the focus, what teachers should do and how to do it. From the perspective of children's learning and development, the Guide clearly reflects what children should know, do and should do in various fields. Study? What is the focus, what basic level needs to be reached, what kind of support and help adults should give, and so on. To guide the educational practice of teachers and parents from a micro perspective. It puts forward more detailed educational standards and suggestions for children's education of different ages than the outline, which is detailed and practical. Only by correctly understanding the role of early education theory in educational activities can we really have it in the arrangement of educational activities? Law? Depend on.
Three, the "Guide" parts of the mutual penetration of the integrity.
In the Guide, in order to clearly express the core indicators of children's learning and development in various fields, six fields and standards in each field are listed separately, but this does not mean that all fields are separated from each other. The development of children in various fields is complementary. The guide should naturally combine children's learning in all fields, without emphasizing exaggerating any one field and ignoring education in other fields.
4. Is the guide developed by children? Road signs? Instead of simply evaluating children? Ruler? .
Children's development has a cumulative effect, especially the formation of behavior habits. Therefore, surprise training should not be used to strengthen children's practice in order to achieve the indicators of the guide. Children have a sensitive period of their own development, and there will be a phenomenon of rapid development for a while and slow development for a while. Therefore, in educational activities, it is not appropriate to use uniform standards to evaluate children's development and the effect of educational activities. In view of the individual differences in children's development, it is impossible and should not require all children aged 3-6 to achieve the same goal in a unified time. Even the same child, its development in various fields is not necessarily synchronous. Therefore, according to the specific development situation of different regions and children, we should give appropriate guidance and respect the development speed and process of each child. Help each child get due development and progress at the original level according to his own speed, and avoid blindly comparing or improper evaluation to hurt children.
Five, according to the different needs of the environment, flexible use of the guide.
In kindergartens, the guide can help teachers improve their ability to observe and understand young children. Under the guidance of the guide, observe and understand children from different angles, record relevant information, and analyze and evaluate children's development by using relevant indicators; Teachers can set up appropriate educational activities, choose appropriate educational activities for children, flexibly integrate into daily life and various educational activities, create activity areas and put in activity materials, give targeted guidance according to children's performance in activities, and evaluate and reflect on the effects of educational activities to improve the effectiveness of education.
In the family, parents can refer to the contents of the Guide according to their children's age, especially the contents that were neglected in the past, and get a more comprehensive understanding of their children's learning and development from their daily performance; Refer to the corresponding activity suggestions in the Guide, understand the law of children's learning and development, and consciously use various opportunities in family and social interaction to help children learn; Improve the educational level and effect of the family.
Sixth, emphasize the important position of safety education in early childhood education.
In the context of public incidents such as kidnapping, drowning and traffic safety, children's safety is still the focus of attention. I hope children can have the most basic safety knowledge and self-protection ability. For example, children aged 3-4 don't eat things given by strangers, don't walk with strangers, and don't play by rivers and roadsides; Obey the traffic rules. Pay attention to safety when reminding, don't do anything dangerous, don't touch the hot kettle, don't play with matches and lighters, don't touch the power socket, and don't climb the window or balcony. When you get lost in a public place, you can tell the police or relevant personnel the names and telephone numbers of yourself and your parents.
Children aged 4-5 know not to stay away from adults' sight alone in public. Know the common safety signs, such as: beware of electric shock, beware of poisoning, no swimming in the river, emergency exit.
Observe the safety rules. Can take the initiative to avoid danger when exercising. Don't allow others to touch their private parts. Know the simple way to ask for help. Remember your home address, telephone number, parents' names and company, know to ask an adult for help once you get lost, and provide necessary information. In case of fire or other emergencies, you should call 1 10, 120, 1 19 for help.
Children aged 5 -6 should not open the door to strangers without the permission of adults. Can consciously abide by the basic safety rules and traffic rules. Pay attention to safety during exercise and don't cause danger to others. Know some basic knowledge of disaster prevention. 7. Emphasize the role that parents can't be ignored in preschool education. The guide emphasizes? Be kind to children, care for them, and make them feel that their elders are amiable, approachable and trustworthy, and that their families and kindergartens are warm. ? Family is the first school for children, and family education is an important part of school education. Children's eating habits, work and rest habits and behavior habits are largely developed at home. Therefore, the guide points out in detail? Provide diversified and balanced food for children, and ensure that children sleep 1 1 ~ 12 hours every day, and the nap should generally reach about 2 hours; When children do something wrong, they should handle it calmly, don't scold and abuse, and allow them to express their emotions; Go to bed and get up on time every day, drink more boiled water, don't be greedy, and don't be picky about food; Watch TV continuously for no more than 15 minutes for 3-4 years old, 20 minutes for 4-5 years old and 30 minutes for 5 -6 years old. It is suggested that children watch TV 3 meters away from TV, and parents and children watch sports games or TV programs about sports events together to cultivate children's interest in sports activities. Guide children to take care of themselves or take part in housework by themselves, such as taking off clothes, shoes and socks, buttoning buttons, tying shoelaces, sorting out their own belongings, helping their families clean up, choosing leaves, making pasta, etc. Have enough time to talk with children every day, talk about topics they are interested in, ask and listen to their views on their own affairs, etc. Children's sociality develops imperceptibly through observation and imitation in daily life and games. Adults should pay attention to the role model of their words and deeds and avoid simple and blunt preaching. For example, shopping in a supermarket, letting children know how to queue up for payment, using polite expressions and learning how others communicate with salespeople is also a vivid education. ? Therefore, family cooperation is inevitable in early childhood education, and the growth of children needs the synchronous cooperation of families and kindergartens. Only by forming a joint educational force can we really shoulder the responsibility of educating people. Preschool children are carefree, innocent and enjoy a happy childhood, but many parents are eager to see their children grow up, ignoring the law of their physical and mental growth or not? Pull out the seedlings and encourage them? Or force feeding. Let the children bear the burden that is not suitable for them too early. Excessive expectations bring hopelessness to children; Overprotection leads to the incompetence of children; Overindulgence brings children's ruthlessness; Too much interference brings children's helplessness; Too much blame brings children's measurement. Don't you know that children's early education has rules to follow? Being so impatient will only backfire. Today, the important issue of good early education is not whether adults expect children to win or lose, but how to create a healthier growth environment for children and better protect their curiosity and creativity. Only by truly respecting the characteristics of children's learning and development can we really promote the healthy development of children and help them grow up happily.
refer to
[1] Li Jimei: A Brief Analysis of Kindergarten Education Guidelines (Trial), Interpretation of Kindergarten Education Guidelines (Trial), Jiangsu Education Press, April 2002.
[2] People's Republic of China (PRC) * * * and the Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC) formulated: "Guide to Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6" Capital Normal University Press 20 12. 8.
[3] "Liu Yandong's Speech at the National Preschool Education Video Conference" 20 10. 12.0438+0.
[4] "Learning" (America) Barbara? Bowman Waiting, translated by Wu Yidong, Zhou Ping, Luo Feng and Liu Hong, Nanjing Normal University Press, September 2005, p. 1 edition.
Early Education Part II: Talking about Early Childhood Education Abstract: This paper analyzes the development of early childhood education, the importance of early childhood education, and how to treat the social development trend of early childhood education in the future, in order to give some parents who don't know much about early childhood education some useful enlightenment.
Keywords: the development trend of the importance of early education
Today, early education has become a manifestation that parents attach importance to their children's education, which is also the necessity of social development and the result of the construction and development of education itself.
First, the development of early education is the necessity of social development.
The development of society, the improvement of high-tech level and the lack of talents are the social prerequisites for the development of early education. China is a big country with a population of 65.438+0.3 billion, and there are about 70 million babies aged 0-3 years, which is undoubtedly the most populous country in the world. We have enough manpower. How to turn the country with the largest population into the country with the largest human resources is a huge project and a profound revolution. There is no shortcut. We must optimize education, improve the quality of the population and mobilize all social forces to participate in this project. It is the main task of the whole society and the whole nation to bring the improvement of population quality into the category of national population and family planning work, establish a perfect system, integrate the strength of nutrition, health, medical care, psychology, education and other disciplines, and form an interdisciplinary professional team. Even if it goes deep into every family and is carried out on the shoulders of every parent, this project can be implemented with the support and help of many policies and team organizations provided by the state, such as policy argumentation, scientific research, education and training.
The fierce competition for talents in the world, the rapid development of China and the serious shortage of talents have put forward extremely severe tasks for education, and accelerated the cultivation of creative talents with high quality, high ability and high level, which exceeds the world's high-tech level. Education is duty-bound, which is the responsibility entrusted to us by society. Only by cultivating talents with high speed, high quality, speed and good quality can we meet the needs of the country.
Second, early education is the need of children's growth and development law.
(A) early education is the most effective way to develop children's potential.
Science has proved that children are born with great potential. It should be said that every child is born a genius. That is determined by genetic factors. It has been found that human genes, once combined with sperm and eggs, determine the structure of children's brains, accounting for 30%-60%, and the proportion varies from person to person, among which physiological inheritance is the most obvious. It tells us that children's potential exists objectively and the space for development is huge. This not only provides an infinitely broad material premise and development possibility for children's development, but also restricts their future development direction.
Japanese scholar Kimura Kuiyi once put forward the law of decreasing children's possible abilities. He said: A child born with 100 degree possibility may become an adult with 100 degree possibility if he receives an ideal education from birth. If you start education at the age of five, even the best education can only reach adults with 60-degree ability. By the age of fifteen, there are still forty degrees left in education. Explain the great influence of the beginning of education on the development of potential.
The possibility, prospect and time of development all point to the necessity of early education development.
(2) Early education is the need of children's physical and mental development.
1. Early education is an effective means to develop intelligence.
An important condition for developing intelligence is to take knowledge as the carrier and develop children's ability while imparting knowledge. Early education has become the content and effective means to develop intelligence.
2. Early education is a necessary condition for the development of brain cells and the formation of brain networks.
Early childhood is the period when children's brains develop fastest and have the most possibility of development. Children are individuals with certain potential and positive development. It needs to be developed urgently. After birth, the newborn's brain weighs 360 -390 grams, which is 25% of the adult's brain; The brain of a six-month-old newborn weighs 660-700 grams, nearly half of that of an adult; 1 year-old brain weighs 900g. The weight of a three-year-old brain is101g, which is three quarters of that of an adult. At the age of seven, the brain weighs1280g, which is close to that of adults. Thirteen-year-old brain weight1350g; The average weight of adult brain is 1400g. It can be seen that early education is the need of brain development and promotes brain development.
3. Early education is the need of brain development.
The development of cranial nerves has several special developmental laws, which become the natural driving force for children's growth, development and maturity.
First one? Critical period? . The critical period means that children are most likely to learn some knowledge, skills or form some psychological characteristics in a certain period. As long as we miss this period, the obstacles to development will be difficult to make up. This concept was discovered by Lorenz, a famous Austrian zoologist, while studying the development of small animals? Lettering phenomenon? Introduced? Lettering phenomenon? It means that small animals have an instinctive reaction that is easy to produce in a short time after birth. For example, following the object, favoring the object, and moaning when the object disappears.
And second? Sensitive period? And then what? The best time? Sensitive period refers to the period when children are easy to learn some knowledge and behavior, and a certain aspect of their psychology develops fastest. If they miss the sensitive period or the best period, it will be more difficult for them to learn and develop slowly. Montessori, a world-famous educator, believes that children have two intrinsic motives in the process of growing up, which lead them to strive for maturity. This is a driving force for children to mature, and children can use this inherent sensitivity to develop their own reaction ability and adaptability to complex environments. His explanation for the sensitive period is that in the child's growth stage, children will only concentrate on a certain feature of the environment within a certain time range, so children at this stage have a special interest and enthusiasm for active exploration, and this interest and enthusiasm will disappear until their internal needs are met. Children have a strong interest in a certain behavior without any reason, and repeated learning is fast and effective. In the whole psychological development of life, we find that there are many sensitive periods between 0 and 6 years old. Therefore, the development of early education is the need and indispensable external condition for children's physical and mental development.
(3) The practical experience of early education proves that it is true to let children win at the starting line.
Carl. Wit's intelligence, William? James' wisdom and so on. The super-long children in various countries have attracted worldwide attention. Today, the United States is the earliest and fastest developing country in the world in zero-age education, which has been discussed in theory and observed in practice by national research institutions. There is also widespread concern and active implementation throughout the country, and the results are very remarkable.
The international community is very concerned about talent training, and the International Super Long Children's Fund has been doing this work, sponsoring children with different and ordinary abilities from all over the world to enter world-famous universities for further study, so that they can enjoy the best education, give full play to their potential and make greater contributions to the world.
Early education is proved by theory and practice, and children have full possibilities, as long as we educate and influence them in a timely, moderate, scientific, accurate, balanced and comprehensive way. Will be exchanged for a wonderful life for children. From this point of view, the cry of society, the desire of children to grow up and the deepening of the educational revolution undoubtedly prove the importance and great importance of early education, which is indispensable to life, necessary for children's growth and development, and the cornerstone for laying the foundation of life.
References:
[1] Carl? Witt's education. About preschool education. Education. 2008.
[2] Early education and genius. Reflections on the relationship between early education and genius. Education and genius. 2009。
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