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Health every day
Teaching material analysis: This course is a comprehensive exploration course with strong practicality. In the form of collectively planning a theme activity, let students understand the relationship between art and health, art and life, art and other courses from a new perspective. Mainly through the three parts of teaching activities-making health cards, writing health diaries and making posters for planning and publicity, it highlights the comprehensiveness, diversity and practicality of artistic activities. Students can grow up in meaningful group cooperation.
Teaching objectives:
Make students really understand the meaning of health and know the meaning of health and the aspects that should be paid attention to. Use the art knowledge learned before to carry out comprehensive activities, and fully embody the spirit of teamwork in the activities.
Encourage everyone to actively participate in activities conducive to physical and mental health, stimulate students' positive attitude of caring for health and loving life, and improve their physical fitness.
Through this activity, we can cultivate students' good public communication consciousness, good social practice ability, and cultivate students' practical ability and innovation ability. Teaching emphasis: making health cards, writing health diaries and making posters.
Teaching difficulties: guide students to use their brains and make creative works.
Teaching tools: pencils, markers, pictures and so on.
Teaching methods: observation, inspiration and demonstration.
First, the guidance class
Students, can you sing "healthy songs"? Let's sing and move together, shall we? "Left three punches, right three punches, neck twisting, * * * twisting, going to bed early and getting up early, let's exercise, shake hands, shake our feet and take a deep breath frequently, and I won't be old _ _ _ _ _ _ _" like grandpa.
Second, the new lesson
"Health" is the most important wealth of modern people. Health begins with little things every day. Can you tell me which are healthy habits? Students' group discussion: not picky about food, loving vegetables and brushing your teeth in the morning and evening are good habits. Unhealthy living habits will bring us many disadvantages. Let's make some beautiful health cards today to remind ourselves and our families to pay attention to health.
1, learn to make health reminder cards.
1) Enjoy various forms of health reminder cards.
2) Explore the steps and methods of making 3D cards in learning books.
3) I designed a health reminder card for Zhang Xinying with rich materials, eye-catching colors and concise instructions.
2. Drawing a health diary can be done in the form of group cooperation, so that everyone can take turns to take notes and communicate a healthy lifestyle through graphic forms.
Three. abstract
Health reminder cards help to remind us and people around us to pay attention to physical and mental health, stimulate love for life and improve physical fitness.
First, the guidance class
We will launch a health campaign. Every student should be a "health messenger" and carry out health promotion. First of all, we should make some health posters.
Second, the new lesson
1. Make posters in groups. Posters have titles, vivid illustrations and health tips.
2. Making promotional clothes We can make some interesting props with different materials to dress ourselves up.
3. Practical activities We can carry out health promotion activities on campus or in the community. Reasonable division of labor among team members.
Three. abstract
Health is our precious wealth. Only a healthy body can have a bright future and contribute to the motherland. So please take action and be healthy every day!
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, which not only has a high prevalence rate, but also can cause serious heart, brain and kidney complications. The prevalence of hypertension among adults in China in 2002 was 18.8%[ 1]. At present, the prevalence of hypertension in China is on the rise, and the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate are low. Long-term hypertension can damage the heart, brain and kidney (target organs), so reasonable diet, medication and healthy lifestyle can effectively control blood pressure and significantly reduce the risk of target organ damage [2]. Our hospital has taken the following health education for hospitalized patients with hypertension and achieved good results.
1 dietary guidance
Hypertension is the result of many pathogenic factors, among which dietary nutrition plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, including high animal fat and cholesterol content, too much sodium, too little potassium and calcium, and too much drinking. These are dietary factors that cause hypertension, so it is very important for patients with hypertension to choose a reasonable diet.
1. 1 Patients with hypertension should eat regularly and quantitatively, and should not overeat. Usually, the diet is mainly light vegetarian, and low-fat and low-cholesterol foods, such as fish, lean meat, beans and bean products, should be adopted. Eat less or not eat foods with high animal fat and cholesterol content, such as fat meat, animal viscera, egg yolk, fish eggs, etc. Eat less or no spicy food, and choose vegetable oil for cooking, such as peanut oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil; You can also choose some foods with lipid-lowering effect, such as kelp, sea cucumber, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds and so on.
1.2 Patients with hypertension with low salt and high potassium should limit their salt intake, control the daily salt intake to 2-6g, cook lightly, and eat less high-sodium foods such as pickles, preserved vegetables and preserved eggs; Potassium can resist sodium-induced hypertension and vascular injury, so you can eat more foods and fruits with high potassium content, such as mushrooms, bamboo shoots, peanuts, bananas, oranges and so on.
Vitamin 1.3 can promote fat metabolism, especially vitamin C can lower cholesterol, so patients with hypertension should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits containing vitamins, such as bean sprouts, celery and carrots.
Generally speaking, the dietary principles are: eat less and eat more meals, eat less salt, eat more potassium, eat less meat and eat more vegetables.
2 A healthy lifestyle
In addition to choosing diet, a healthy lifestyle can make the treatment of hypertension achieve certain results.
2. 1 Moderate physical activity and maintaining standard weight are independent antihypertensive factors, which can consolidate the antihypertensive effect of drugs. Proper physical exercise and physical labor can not only enhance physical fitness, but also achieve the goal of losing weight and maintaining normal weight. You can choose proper aerobic exercise, such as walking, playing Tai Ji Chuan, running, mountain climbing, etc. And follow the principle of gradual progress.
2.2 Patients with hypertension who quit smoking and limit alcohol should also quit smoking and limit alcohol, because nicotine in smoke can stimulate the kidney to secrete catecholamine, causing cardiovascular diseases such as systemic arteriospasm, vascular endothelial dysfunction and elevated blood pressure; Excessive drinking will not only raise blood pressure, but also be one of the inducing factors of cerebral hemorrhage. Men should not drink more than 30ml (alcohol) every day, and women and low-weight people should not drink more than 15ml[3].
2.3 Psychological Balance Hypertension is a physical and mental disease, and both mental stress and autonomic nervous dysfunction can cause blood pressure to rise. Therefore, patients with hypertension should keep a peaceful mind during the exam and avoid emotional excitement, excessive tension and anxiety. When you are under great mental pressure, you should talk to others and vent your pressure; Strengthen self-cultivation, stay optimistic, listen to more music, often learn healthy health care methods, eliminate social and psychological pressure, and maintain the stability of the internal environment to help maintain the stability of blood pressure.
3 medication guidance
Drug therapy is the main method to control hypertension at present, and the earlier and timely treatment, the less harm it will bring. The antihypertensive drugs recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) are mainly divided into six categories: diuretics, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor antagonists and alpha blockers. These six kinds of drugs can be used as first-line antihypertensive drugs. Because of the different action characteristics of various antihypertensive drugs, the following principles should be followed according to the specific situation of each hypertensive patient.
3. 1 Step-by-step blood pressure reduction Except for hypertension emergencies, it is best to step-by-step blood pressure reduction within a few days or weeks, especially for the elderly and patients with hypertension for many years. Their bodies have adapted to the current level of hypertension, but it is useless to suddenly reduce it.
3.2 Treatment varies from person to person. Hypertension patients are mostly elderly people, and the tissue structure and physiological function of organs of the elderly have different degrees of degenerative changes, which further affects the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs in the body. Therefore, the choice, dosage and route of administration of drugs should be based on the specific situation of each hypertensive patient, and we should not blindly generalize.
3.3 With the extension of medication time, if the blood pressure cannot be effectively controlled after gradually increasing the dosage, two or more drugs are used in combination; Starting with a single drug, gradually adding drugs and combining drugs, first selecting a single drug from a small dose. With the increase of use time, most patients with hypertension need to combine drugs to reach the target blood pressure, so as to avoid suddenly stopping using a certain drug or cardiac arrest drugs during medication. Drug treatment of hypertension is long-term, and they should insist on taking medicine after their blood pressure reaches the target blood pressure to control their blood pressure most effectively. Drugs should also be selected reasonably according to strong indications [3]. Strengthen follow-up.
In a word, patients with hypertension should be given systematic health education, so that they can learn more about hypertension, actively change their lifestyle, have a healthy psychology, and receive early formal drug treatment, so as to improve the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension and realize primary prevention and secondary prevention of hypertension.