What are the two-way functions of health and socio-economic development?

First, the impact of economic development on health level \x0d\x0d\ (I) Economic development promotes the improvement of health level \ x0d \ To analyze the impact of economic factors on health, indicators reflecting economic development and residents' health indicators are often used for comprehensive analysis. The main indicators to measure economic development are gross national product (GNP) or gross domestic product (GDP) and GNP per capita. Gross national product reflects the comprehensive economic strength of a country or region; Per capita GNP excludes the influence of population factors and is an important index to analyze the relationship between economic factors and health. \x0d\ Statistics from countries all over the world show that the level of macroeconomic development in a country or region is closely related to the health status of residents. In terms of time span, with the rapid development of the world economy and the continuous progress of biotechnology after the Second World War, the average life expectancy of the world population increased from 48 years in 1950 to 67 years in 2000, which has been greatly improved in just 50 years. The average life expectancy in China increased from 38 years in 1950 to 7 years in 2000. From the perspective of regional span, countries with different economic levels also have significant differences in health level. Compared with developed countries, the health status of developing countries is much worse. \x0d\ (II) Ways for economic development to improve health level \x0d\ The promotion of economic development to residents' health level is the result of multiple channels: \ x0d \ 1. Economic development has improved the material living standards of residents. Economic development provides people with the basic material basis of food, clothing, housing, transportation, adequate food nutrition, safe drinking water and basic medicine supply. \ x0d \ 2。 Economic development is conducive to increasing health investment and promoting the development of medical and health undertakings. The investment of the state and society in health care and the organization and implementation of health services are directly related to people's health. The investment in health care and the progress of medical science and technology have created better material conditions for the prevention, control and elimination of certain diseases. \ x0d \ 3。 Economic development indirectly affects people's health through its influence on education. People's education level will affect their ability to accept health care knowledge and carry out self-care activities. Thereby affecting the health level of the population. \x0d\ x0d \ II。 New problems brought by economic development \ x0d \ Economic development is conducive to the improvement of health level, but in the process of economic development, due to the destruction of the environment and the change of people's lifestyle, it will also have some negative effects and bring some new health problems. \x0d\ (1) The emergence of diseases in modern society \x0d\ With the development of social economy, the highly developed traffic, the increase of population mobility, the exploitation of natural resources and the use of a large number of synthetic chemicals, people's living conditions and lifestyles have changed. Bad lifestyles, such as smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, sexual promiscuity, bad eating and sleeping habits and lack of exercise, are becoming more and more common, which directly endanger human health. These are all related to social modernization, the high development of material civilization and the corresponding lifestyle, and are called "modern social diseases". \x0d\ (II) Increased psychological pressure \x0d\ Economic development has promoted the transformation of social production mode. With the application of high technology, the demand for personal work skills is getting higher and higher, and the labor skills acquired in the past may be eliminated in a short time, which has exerted strong pressure on people. Fierce competition accelerates people's life rhythm, making their work tense, interpersonal relationships complicated, stress events increasing, psychosomatic diseases, mental diseases and suicides increasing. \x0d\ (3) Environmental pollution and destruction \x0d\ Environmental pollution is a major problem affecting health in a certain historical period, especially in the process of modernization in developing countries. In many developing countries, the low level of economic development, high population pressure and neglect of environmental protection have led to large-scale ecological environment destruction. The development of industrial production and transportation has greatly increased the discharge of waste, waste gas and wastewater. The process of industrialization and urbanization has led to a lot of vegetation destruction: automobile exhaust and noise have become the main sources of environmental pollution in modern cities, causing a wide range of health problems and potential hazards. \x0d\ x0d \ III。 The promotion of health level to economic development \ x0d \ Economic development is fundamentally the result of the development of productive forces. Among the various elements of productivity, the most important factor is people with certain physical strength, intelligence and labor skills. People's health and intelligence play a decisive role in the development of productive forces, which means that the improvement of people's health level will certainly promote social and economic development. \x0d\ (1) is helpful to prolong the working hours of the labor force and create more wealth \x0d\ Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the average life expectancy of China residents has increased from 35 to over 70 now. According to the retirement at the age of 60, the average worker extends his work for 25 years. China scholars estimate that during the period of 1950 ~ 1980, the economic value created only by prolonging life was about 77.3 billion dollars per year, equivalent to about 24% of China's gross national product in the 1980s. The research by Academician Stemilin of the former Soviet Union shows that the public health service in the former Soviet Union was successful in the 1960s, and the national income growth exceeding 1/5 was obtained by preventing and treating diseases and reducing morbidity and mortality. \x0d\\x0d\ (II) Helps to reduce the loss of absence due to illness and injury \x0d\ According to the survey and estimation, hepatitis A broke out in Shanghai at the beginning of 1988, and 2.99 million working days were lost due to hepatitis A, and1670,000 working days were lost due to escort, resulting in direct economic loss of 508 million yuan and indirect economic loss. \x0d\ (III) Helps to improve labor efficiency \x0d\ Physical health is a prerequisite for intellectual development, learning scientific and cultural knowledge and mastering work skills. Without the health of the population, there will be no high efficiency of work and rapid development of social economy. Under certain socio-economic conditions, population health has a positive role in promoting economic development.