acute gastroenteritis
A typical "insisting on autumn fat" was eaten fiercely, and the abdominal pain did not stop in the hospital.
Mr. Li always likes barbecue and beer. Recently, he had dinner with friends, and everyone was talking about "putting autumn fertilizer", so he decided to make up for it. All kinds of greasy food such as mutton skewers, beef and mutton chops, pig hands, etc. Plus cold beer, everyone unconsciously ate their stomachs. After returning home after a hearty meal, Mr. Li developed symptoms such as nausea and abdominal pain. At first, he thought he just ate too much and digested it. Who knows that in the middle of the night, not only did abdominal pain not ease, but also symptoms of diarrhea appeared. Mr. Li had to rush to Changsha Central Hospital for emergency treatment overnight, and was diagnosed as acute gastroenteritis after examination.
Health reminder, diet should be light, don't blindly "paste autumn fat"
"Every year when summer and autumn alternate, it is the high season of acute gastroenteritis." Ding Ning, deputy chief physician of the emergency department of Changsha Central Hospital, explained that after autumn, the hot weather eased and people's spleen and stomach functions gradually recovered. Compared with the hot summer weather, their appetite is obviously enhanced, which makes them easy to overeat and increases the burden on their stomachs. At the same time, the weather is still sultry in early autumn, germs multiply quickly, food is easy to rot, germs are easy to take advantage of it, and it is also easy to cause gastrointestinal diseases.
"'Sticking autumn fat' should be moderate, and' sticking' too hard will increase the burden on the stomach." Ding Ning introduced that the human digestive system is fragile at the turn of summer and autumn, and the diet should be light and easy to digest. Old people and people with bad stomachs can drink porridge that strengthens the spleen and nourishes the stomach or soup that nourishes yin and moistens the lungs in autumn, and regularly quantify a small amount of meals to avoid hunger and satiety. Cooking methods include steaming, boiling, boiling and stewing. Avoid frying and frying, and avoid eating sweet, sour, too cold, too hot and spicy food. Control the total food intake, try to choose foods that are low in calories, high in protein, rich in vitamins and easy to digest, and reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and hyperglycemia.
nosebleed
A typical case of mutton hotpot, hypertensive patients with nosebleeds.
Mr. Wang, 4 1 year-old, was diagnosed with hypertension two years ago by physical examination. The doctor told him to change his bad lifestyle and take medicine on time to control his blood pressure. However, Mr. Wang felt that he had no obvious symptoms and did not attract attention.
Recently, Mr. Wang took a tonic with his friends. After eating a hearty mutton hot pot, he felt a little dry, itchy and feverish in his nose. Then he was bleeding, repeatedly pressing his nose, and the blood kept bleeding. He went to Changsha Central Hospital for otolaryngology, head and neck surgery. The doctor measured Mr. Wang's blood pressure and found that his blood pressure was as high as175/120mmhg. Combined with clinical examination, it was diagnosed as nosebleed and hypertension. After emergency treatment such as endoscopic electrocoagulation and oral antihypertensive drugs, Mr. Wang's blood pressure gradually decreased and nosebleeds gradually stopped.
Health reminds patients with hypertension to eat less warm tonic and spicy food.
According to Wang, deputy director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha Central Hospital, the common causes of epistaxis are nasal injury, abnormal nasal anatomy, nasal inflammation, nasopharyngeal tumor, nasal foreign body, hemorrhagic diseases and blood system diseases, acute febrile infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases and so on. Among them, nosebleed caused by hypertension accounts for about 50%. Autumn is the high incidence of epistaxis caused by hypertension. Due to the dry weather in autumn, the nasal mucosa is easy to dry, leading to capillary rupture and bleeding.
"Don't panic when you have a nosebleed. If you are nervous, the sympathetic nerve will be excited and the blood pressure will further increase, resulting in an increase in bleeding. " Wang reminded that patients with epistaxis with definite cause and less bleeding can be treated by finger pressing at home: put a cotton ball into the nasal cavity, hold both nasal wings with fingers 10 ~ 15 minutes, and apply a cold water bag or towel on the forehead and neck to constrict blood vessels to achieve the purpose of hemostasis; If nosebleeds recur, the amount of bleeding is large, and the bleeding has not stopped, you should go to the otolaryngology department in time.
There are two common misunderstandings in stopping nosebleeds: First, the head leans back, which will cause nosebleeds to flow into the mouth, swallow into the stomach or choke into the trachea, which can cause nausea, vomiting and even suffocation. Therefore, when you have a nosebleed, don't look back, but bow your head slightly. The second is to stuff toilet paper into the nostrils. Paper towels will rot if soaked for a long time, so they can't stop bleeding by pressing, and it is difficult to take out the broken paper towels in the nasal cavity. Therefore, it is recommended to block the nostrils with cotton balls to help stop bleeding.
Wang reminded that many people have the habit of "sticking to autumn fertilizer". Patients with hypertension should try to eat less spicy food such as dog meat, mutton and barbecue, and avoid eating too much tonic such as ginseng and American ginseng to avoid nosebleeds. Diet should be low in salt and fat and eat more fruits and vegetables. Usually, we must take antihypertensive drugs on time and in quantity according to the doctor's advice, monitor blood pressure regularly and make records to provide basis for later treatment.
Acute attack of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
In typical cases, air conditioning is blown all night, which leads to acute attack of COPD.
Mr. Wu, 66 years old, has been smoking for more than 40 years and has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for many years. A few years ago, he had an acute attack of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease every winter, and even was hospitalized for four consecutive times in winter and spring. After beginning of autumn this year, the temperature remained high. Because of the cold, Mr. Wu slept and blew the air conditioner every night, causing symptoms such as fever, cough, expectoration and difficulty breathing. In the outpatient department of respiratory disease diagnosis and treatment center of Changsha Central Hospital, the doctor considered the acute attack of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung infection, and Mr. Wu was hospitalized again. "It is said that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are' easy in midsummer, difficult in winter and spring'. I didn't expect to get sick because of gluttony this fall." Mr. Wu said.
Health reminder: the temperature of ventilation and air conditioning should not be too low to avoid catching a cold.
Yang introduced that COPD is a destructive lung disease with the characteristics of long course, recurrent and irreversible. The main clinical symptoms are repeated cough, expectoration and wheezing. It can be complicated with respiratory failure, spontaneous pneumothorax and chronic pulmonary heart disease, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.
"When the temperature is high, the human bronchus relaxes, and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease breathe smoothly, and the symptoms enter a stable period or a remission period. However, clinically, it is not uncommon to blow air conditioners in summer or autumn to aggravate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. " Yang introduced that the temperature of some household air conditioners is very low, which makes it difficult for the human body to adapt to the large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, and it is easy to catch a cold; Because of air conditioning, some families keep their doors and windows closed all day. If one person catches a cold, the whole family may be cross-infected. The immunity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is low and the lung tissue structure has changed. Once they catch a cold, it is easy to progress from upper respiratory tract infection to tracheal or bronchial infection, leading to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In addition, due to factors such as long-term air circulation and inadequate air conditioning cleaning, various harmful substances may remain indoors, which is also a great test for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
"Those who are over 40 years old, smoke for a long time, have shortness of breath after exercise, cough and expectoration for more than 3 months, it is best to have regular lung function tests to be alert to the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Yang suggested that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease open doors and windows for ventilation to keep the indoor air fresh; The air conditioning temperature should not be adjusted too low, and the indoor temperature should be kept at around 28℃. Pay attention to increase or decrease clothes in time, and cover them with air-conditioned quilts at night to avoid catching cold; Quit smoking, drink more warm water and eat more foods that moisten the lungs, such as tremella, lotus seeds, lilies, pears and honey. Strengthen physical exercise, improve your immunity, and if possible, get regular flu vaccination under the guidance of a doctor; Regular medication and home oxygen therapy can reduce the frequency of acute attack of COPD and improve the quality of life.
Facial neuritis
Typical cases blow air conditioners all night, and find their mouths crooked early in the morning.
Recently, 37-year-old Ms. Liu came to the Neurology Department of Changsha Central Hospital wearing a mask and sunglasses. As soon as she entered the consulting room, she said anxiously, "My mouth is crooked!" "
Ms Liu was afraid of the heat, and she stayed up all night after beginning of autumn. When I got up to wash this morning, I suddenly found that my mouth was crooked and mouthwash could not control flowing downwards. At the same time, her left eyelid could not be completely closed, and she shed tears from time to time. I want to have breakfast before going to the hospital, and I find my left tongue hard to chew.
The doctor learned that Ms. Liu's left face was numb and she could not complete drumming and whistling. She thought it was facial neuritis caused by cold, also called facial paralysis.
After a few days of treatment in neurology, Ms. Liu was transferred to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine for symptomatic treatment such as acupuncture and physiotherapy. At present, her symptoms of facial neuritis have obviously improved, and she is expected to fully recover in about a month.
Health reminder: Don't wash your face with cold water to avoid direct air conditioning.