nurse
The name of a nurse comes from 19 14 Zhong proposed to translate English nurse into "nurse" at the first conference of nurses in China, which was adopted by the conference and is still in use today.
Nurses refer to professional technicians who have received professional education and have been approved to register, and should have high professional awareness.
First, the professional quality of nurses
The professional quality of nurses refers to the special requirements for engaging in nursing specialty.
(a) love the cause of nursing, love their jobs, and have the professionalism to serve human health.
(2) Care about the patient's sufferings, think about what the patient thinks, and be anxious about what the patient is anxious about. Have a high sense of responsibility, compassion and love for patients.
(3) Having good medical ethics and integrity. Do not do illegal operations that violate moral conscience, do not do disloyal work, and safeguard professional reputation.
(4) Having honest character, noble moral cultivation and noble thoughts and sentiments.
(five) have a certain cultural literacy, nursing theory and humanistic knowledge, as well as the basic knowledge of participating in nursing education and nursing research. Can be competent in nursing work, be brave in learning professional skills, and maintain a high level of nursing.
(six) with strong nursing skills, can apply the working methods of nursing procedures to solve the existing or potential health problems of patients.
(seven) should maintain good cooperative relations with peers and other personnel, mutual respect, friendly coexistence, unity and cooperation.
(eight) with a healthy psychology, cheerful and stable mood, tolerance and open-mindedness, strong physique. Work style is rigorous, implicit, positive, decisive, agile and realistic.
(9) Pay attention to civility and politeness, use standardized language, have a kind attitude, be steady and dignified, dress neatly and be generous.
2. Nurses' workplaces Nurses' work faces the society and the public. In addition to health care in medical institutions and nursing education in schools, the current focus is on clinical nursing in hospitals, which mainly includes basic nursing, specialist nursing, nursing management, nursing education, nursing research and preventive health care. In addition, you can also engage in community medical care, such as nursing homes, sanatoriums, rehabilitation institutions, factories, families and so on. Those who have graduated from nursing technical secondary school (three years) or above and obtained the qualification of registered nurse, have more than two years of work experience, have the ability of listening and speaking of foreign languages for medical professionals and can pass the oral and written examinations of relevant institutions can apply for going abroad as nurses.
Third, the nurse technical title series is divided into head nurse, deputy director nurse, supervisor nurse and nurse according to the professional technical level.
Head nurse: senior technical title of nursing staff. They should have undergraduate nursing level, rich clinical practice experience and scientific research achievements, carry out nursing theory, technology, scientific research and teaching, and have the task of improving nursing quality and developing nursing disciplines. Organize professional study of nurses, nurses and nursing students, draw up teaching plans, compile teaching materials, be responsible for teaching, and undertake clinical practice teaching of undergraduate and specialist nursing students at different levels; Good at summing up nursing experience, able to write nursing papers and translate; Assist the director of nursing department to strengthen the leadership of nursing work in the whole hospital.
Deputy chief nurse: the deputy senior technical title of nursing staff. Its responsibilities and requirements are basically the same as those of the head nurse.
Nurse in charge: intermediate technical title of nursing staff. Under the leadership of the director of nursing department or head nurse, check and supervise the work, solve the difficult problems of undergraduate nursing business, cooperate with the head nurse to organize undergraduate nurses and nurses to carry out business study, compile teaching materials and give lectures, assist in organizing clinical practice of junior college and technical secondary school nursing students, assist the head nurse to formulate undergraduate scientific research plans and guide undergraduate nurses and nurses to carry out scientific research work.
Nurse: It is equivalent to a specialist nurse. Those who graduated from general nursing college, undergraduate or technical secondary school for more than 5 years have been trained to reach the above level. Under the leadership of the head nurse in the ward and the guidance of the undergraduate nurse in charge, participating in the clinical nursing work in the ward and guiding the nurses to carry out professional and technical operations can lead the nurses to complete the clinical practice of nursing difficulties, new businesses and new technologies; To undertake nursing teaching in technical secondary schools, take nursing students as interns, participate in scientific research in undergraduate departments, and write scientific research papers and work summaries.
Nurse: Intermediate health personnel with secondary nursing education, knowledge and skills of basic nursing and general specialist nursing, and certain health prevention ability. Mainly in hospitals and other medical prevention institutions as a variety of nursing work, cooperate with doctors to perform treatment and nursing, or be responsible for general medical care and health and epidemic prevention work in the lot.
The pressure of nurses
5 12 international nurses' day is coming, and the word nurse has become the focus of media and public attention. In some people's eyes, the nurse is angels in white, pure and beautiful; In some people's eyes, nurses are just junior workers engaged in simple work such as injection and medicine distribution. At the critical moment of current medical reform in China, as the largest professional group among medical practitioners, it seems a little silent.
However, we will still learn some reports about nurses from the media: Ding Aimei, head nurse of Anhui Province, died of overwork at the end of 2005, and Zhang Deli, head nurse of Chengdu Children's Hospital, resigned in tears in September 2006 due to excessive pressure and tense doctor-patient relationship; On June 5438+February, 2006, Head Nurse Chen of the North District of Suzhou Municipal Hospital committed suicide by jumping off a building due to excessive pressure. In April 2007, a nurse in Shanghai Meishan Hospital fell from the dormitory building. The cause of suicide is still stress. ...
Accompanied by this, practitioners in the industry constantly report that there is a serious shortage of nurses in China, nurses are under too much work pressure, and angels in white has lost her wings. Karoshi, depression, suicide and other things that should not be borne by angels are constantly appearing in front of us, and tragedies are still happening. If the status quo is not changed, Ding Aimei is not the first one to die of karoshi, nor will she be the last one. On the International Nurses' Day in 2006, a slightly ridiculous article "Notice on Don't Let Nurses Exhauste" written by Run Sun, the stationmaster of China Nurse Network, caused a great sensation among nurses, with more than 6,543,800 hits and thousands of related comments. The notice is circulated among nurses, and countless nurses are eager to make it a real reality, but it seems far away ... In addition to giving them attention on Nurses' Day, society should also pay more attention to these issues in peacetime.
Shortage of nurses
In order to reduce costs and increase economic benefits, some hospitals employ contract nurses with lower monthly salary, and the formal nurses are gradually replaced by contract nurses. Other hospitals don't even need temporary nurses, and patients have to pay for nurses. The resulting problem of "black care workers" has a strong social response.
Insufficient number and low quality of nurses have become a common problem in many hospitals. The Chinese Nursing Association revealed at the end of last year that there was a serious shortage of nurses in China, which even failed to meet the equipment standards 26 years ago. The number of nurses per 1,000 population in China ranks third from the bottom in the world. According to the survey of more than 400 hospitals in China by the Ministry of Health, in some hospitals, day nurses are responsible for 15-20 patients on average, and nurses on public holidays, holidays and night shifts are responsible for 40-45 patients on average. Compared with the past, today's patients have a large amount of treatment, many treatment methods, and often high requirements, but even the standard of nurse allocation when the amount of care was low 26 years ago has not been reached. This contrast is really surprising.
Nurses serve patients. If patients add nurses but don't, it means that the service they get is diluted. Nowadays, more patients and fewer nurses mean less and less services. What nurses should provide is not a general service, but a part of medical treatment. The nurse's service to patients is very professional; Some ailments and patients' reactions can only be detected by professionally trained nurses, but not by family members and nurses. A serious shortage of nurses is likely to delay treatment and even lead to a big mistake. From this perspective, the shortage of nurses is not only a shortage of services, but also a hidden danger of medical quality.
② What are the characteristics of nursing specialty?
1. Improvement of patient autonomy With the progress of society, the deepening of market economy and the development of modern medicine, the reform of social medical insurance system and the improvement of laws and regulations, patients have more autonomy and choice when seeking medical treatment. Patients can not only choose hospitals, doctors and nurses, but also have the right to informed consent or refuse treatment and care during the treatment. At the same time, the enhancement of patients' legal awareness also urges us to strengthen our awareness of self-protection when treating and nursing patients.
2. The requirements for nursing work are improved, and the requirements for the professional level of nursing staff are improved. With the improvement of people's cultural living standards, patients have more and higher requirements for nursing work, requiring nurses not only to have good professional ethics, but also to have lofty feelings of loving life. All work should be patient-centered, and we must master the theoretical knowledge and technical operation of nursing specialty skillfully. Nurses should not only relieve patients' pain, but also make patients suffer the least pain and achieve satisfactory treatment results.
3. The demand for related knowledge of nursing staff has increased, and the change of nursing mode has broadened and extended the functions of nursing work. In this model, the object of nursing is people first, followed by diseases. Therefore, when nursing patients, nurses should be patient-centered, master not only conventional nursing skills, but also knowledge of humanities, psychology and society, so as to meet the nursing needs of patients both physically and mentally. Nurses should not only have the ability to quickly identify reactions, but also be good at communicating with patients and establishing a good nurse-patient relationship.
③ What are the characteristics of nursing information?
Nursing information has both the general characteristics of information and its own characteristics.
1, biomedical properties:
Nursing information is mainly related to patients' health, so it has the characteristics of biomedical attributes. In this complex system of human body, nursing information is dynamic and continuous because health and disease are dynamic. For example, pulse, which collects a lot of information, reflects the function of human heart, the elasticity of blood vessels and the amount of blood.
2. Relevance:
Nursing informatization is related to many aspects, involving many departments and personnel, and the close cooperation of all aspects is very important. There are internal information of nursing system, such as nursing work information, patient condition information, nursing technology information, etc. There are external information of the nursing system, such as doctors asking nurses to treat patients, and hospital medical departments and departments asking for nursing cooperation and participation. This information is often intertwined and interactive.
3. Accuracy:
We must obtain information in time, make accurate judgments and respond quickly. The collection of hospital nursing information needs the cooperation of many departments and personnel, and nurses are widely distributed, so it is difficult to collect and transmit information. Some nursing information can be expressed by objective data, such as the number of patients entering and leaving the hospital, the attendance rate of nurses, the changes of patients' blood pressure and pulse, and the average hospitalization time of patients. And part of it comes from subjective reaction, such as the change of patients' consciousness and psychological state information during the observation of the disease. They are poor in direct reading and need nurses to observe accurately, judge sharply and analyze information comprehensively. Otherwise, when the patient is critically ill and life-threatening, the error in information judgment and processing will cause irreparable losses.
4. Abundance and dispersion:
Nursing information covers a wide range, with a large amount of information, various types and dispersion. There are nursing information from clinic, nursing management and doctors' medical documents. There are data information, image information, sound information, tangible and intangible information, etc. ; Correct judgment and processing of this information is directly related to nursing quality and management efficiency. Classification and collection methods of nursing information: There are many kinds of hospital nursing information, which are mainly divided into nursing science and technology information, nursing business information, nursing education information and nursing management information.
④ What are the characteristics of nursing management?
Reprint the following information for your reference.
Characteristics of nursing management
The characteristics of nursing management are inseparable from the characteristics of nursing discipline.
As an independent discipline, nursing has its own regularity. Nursing should comprehensively use the knowledge of the relationship between human psychology and physiology, as well as the knowledge of natural science, social science and thinking science to help, guide and care for people to maintain or regain the relative balance between internal and external environment, so as to achieve physical and mental health and energy. In addition to cooperating with doctors to complete diagnosis and treatment tasks, nursing work is mainly independent nursing work. Nursing is a response to the diagnosis and treatment of people's existing and potential health problems, which is a unique field different from medical practice. The object of nursing work is people. Today, the medical model has developed into a bio-psychological-social medical model, and the nursing work has also undergone great changes, showing its independent laws and characteristics. Similarly, nursing management is not only the responsibility of head nurses and nursing department directors. In order to take care of the nursing objects and provide them with nursing services, every nursing staff needs to plan, communicate and apply problem-solving procedures. So every nursing staff can be said to be a nursing manager.
According to the characteristics that the object of nursing work is patients, special requirements are put forward for the quality of nurses. Nurses directly serve patients, which requires nurses to have good quality cultivation. Good quality training can be obtained through management education, and cultivating and maintaining the good quality of nurses is one of the important contents of nursing management construction.
Nursing management should adapt to the scientific and service nature of nursing work. As an independent discipline, nursing should comprehensively apply all aspects of knowledge, which is more scientific. With the development of modern nursing theory and the introduction of new nursing technology and knowledge, the scientific nature of nursing has been strengthened. The service of nursing work is also very strong, especially the clinical patient-centered nursing, which is scientific, service-oriented, technical, ideological, timely and continuous, and requires the integration of theory with practice and the combination of mental and physical labor. Nursing management should adapt to these characteristics.
Nursing work has a wide range of connections. Nursing work should be linked with doctors, medical skills, logistics, administrative management, patients, family members, units and other aspects to form a patient-centered working relationship with nursing as the main body; Especially in recent years, with the development of family and social services, it is particularly important to communicate in many aspects in nursing work. Coordinating these relationships is an important content of nursing management.
Nursing work is continuous, 24 hours a day, and women account for the vast majority of the nursing team. They have many night shifts, many independent operations, heavy responsibilities, the closest contact with patients, mental stress, fatigue and irregular life. Nursing management must attach importance to these characteristics, properly solve various difficulties, and ensure that nursing staff can work with peace of mind.
⑤ What are the characteristics of nursing?
The task of nursing is to help patients recover and healthy people promote health.
Nursing purpose: to promote health, prevent diseases, restore health and relieve pain.
Nature: Nursing is an applied science that integrates natural science, social science and humanities in life science.
This is the content of the book.
⑥ Characteristics of nursing specialty
The task of nursing is to help patients recover and healthy people promote health.
Nursing purpose: to promote health, prevent diseases, restore health and relieve pain.
Nature of nursing: nursing is a life science integrating nature, society and humanity.
Characteristics of modern nursing work:
1. Improvement of patient autonomy With the progress of society, the deepening of market economy and the development of modern medicine, the reform of social medical insurance system and the improvement of laws and regulations, patients have more autonomy and choice when seeking medical treatment. Patients can not only choose hospitals, doctors and nurses, but also have the right to informed consent or refuse treatment and care during the treatment. At the same time, the enhancement of patients' legal awareness also urges us to strengthen our awareness of self-protection when treating and nursing patients. ?
2. The requirements for nursing work have increased? With the improvement of people's cultural living standards, patients have higher and higher requirements for nursing work, which requires nurses not only to have good professional ethics and love nursing work, but also to have lofty feelings of loving life. All work should be patient-centered, and they must master the theoretical knowledge and technical operation of nursing specialty skillfully. Nurses should not only relieve patients' pain, but also make patients suffer the least pain and achieve satisfactory treatment results. ?
3. The demand for related knowledge of nursing staff has increased, and the change of nursing mode has broadened and extended the functions of nursing work. In this model, the object of nursing is people first, followed by diseases. Therefore, when nursing patients, nurses should be patient-centered, master not only conventional nursing skills, but also knowledge of humanities, psychology and society, so as to meet the nursing needs of patients both physically and mentally. Nurses should not only have the ability to quickly identify reactions, but also be good at communicating with patients and establishing a good nurse-patient relationship.
Information demand of modern nursing work;
1. Biomedical attribute: Nursing information is mainly related to patients' health, so it has the characteristics of biomedical attribute. In this complex system of human body, nursing information is dynamic and continuous because health and disease are in a dynamic state. For example, pulse, which collects a lot of information, reflects the function of human heart, the elasticity of blood vessels and the amount of blood.
2. Relevance: Nursing information involves many aspects, involving many departments and personnel, and the close cooperation of all aspects is very important. There are internal information of nursing system, such as nursing work information, patient condition information, nursing technology information, etc. There are external information of the nursing system, such as doctors asking nurses to treat patients, and hospital medical departments and departments asking for nursing cooperation and participation. This information is often intertwined and interactive.
3. Accuracy: We must obtain information in time, make accurate judgments and respond quickly. The collection of hospital nursing information needs the cooperation of many departments and personnel, and nurses are widely distributed, so it is difficult to collect and transmit information. Some nursing information can be expressed by objective data, such as the number of patients entering and leaving the hospital, the attendance rate of nurses, the changes of patients' blood pressure and pulse, and the average hospitalization time of patients. And part of it comes from subjective reaction, such as the change of patients' consciousness and psychological state information during the observation of the disease. They are poor in direct reading and need nurses to observe accurately, judge sharply and analyze information comprehensively. Otherwise, when the patient is critically ill and life-threatening, the error in information judgment and processing will cause irreparable losses.
4. Rich and scattered: nursing information covers a wide range, with a large amount of information, diverse types and scattered.
There are nursing information from clinic, nursing management and doctors' medical documents. There are data information, image information, sound information, tangible and intangible information, etc. ; Correct judgment and processing of this information is directly related to nursing quality and management efficiency. Classification and collection methods of nursing information: There are many kinds of hospital nursing information, which are mainly divided into nursing science and technology information, nursing business information, nursing education information and nursing management information.
⑦ What are the characteristics of nursing?
1. Improvement of patients' autonomy
With the progress of society, the deepening of market economy and the development of modern medicine, the reform of social medical insurance system and the improvement of laws and regulations, patients have more autonomy and choice when seeking medical treatment. Patients can not only choose hospitals, doctors and nurses, but also have the right to informed consent or refuse treatment and care during the treatment. At the same time, the enhancement of patients' legal awareness also urges us to strengthen our awareness of self-protection when treating and nursing patients. ?
2. The requirements for nursing work have increased?
With the improvement of people's cultural living standards, patients have higher and higher requirements for nursing work, which requires nurses not only to have good professional ethics and love nursing work, but also to have lofty feelings of loving life. All work should be patient-centered, and they must master the theoretical knowledge and technical operation of nursing specialty skillfully. Nurses should not only relieve patients' pain, but also make patients suffer the least pain and achieve satisfactory treatment results. ?
The demand for related knowledge of nursing staff has increased, and the change of nursing mode has broadened and extended the functions of nursing work. In this model, the object of nursing is people first, followed by diseases. Therefore, when nursing patients, nurses should be patient-centered, master not only conventional nursing skills, but also knowledge of humanities, psychology and society, so as to meet the nursing needs of patients both physically and mentally. Nurses should not only have the ability to quickly identify reactions, but also be good at communicating with patients and establishing a good nurse-patient relationship. ?