How to correctly guide the mental health development of primary and secondary school students

Abstract: Nowadays, children have more or less problems, which are all caused by the current social form and the doting of parents. To carry out mental health education in schools, it is necessary to establish a modern concept of children and education to promote the formation of healthy personality of primary school students; We should create a harmonious educational environment and promote the healthy psychological growth of primary school students; It is necessary to infiltrate mental health education into the daily life of primary school students and promote them to form good psychological quality; Carry out psychological counseling; Families should cooperate closely to consolidate and develop the healthy psychology of primary school students. Key words: self-centeredness, selfishness and sympathy, school education and family education, the world is changing and international competition is becoming increasingly fierce. All kinds of ideas and cultures around the world are stirring with each other, which inevitably affects us and our next generation. With the strategic adjustment of China's economy and the deepening of reform and opening up, people's ideas are constantly updated. While children fully enjoy the infinite beauty brought by modern civilization, they have to endure the deterioration of their mental health. The closed iron gate deprived the children of their free space. With the advent of the computer age, some children are immersed in the virtual age and cannot extricate themselves. The influx of "McDonald's" and "KFC" has made children more and more keen on ready-to-eat food without nutritional value. Students in the critical period of growth are faced with too much pressure and too little understanding. They were branded with society prematurely, and their innocent hearts were cast a shadow. On the one hand, they are cold, withdrawn, arrogant and unsympathetic. On the other hand, they feel inferior, narcissistic, afraid of setbacks and lack perseverance. When we meditate on all this, we can't help shivering. As the children of future masters, what are they thinking, and what are their increasingly sensitive hearts thinking? If educators continue to pay attention to children's scores and ignore children's mental health, the development of potential and the cultivation of all-round quality, then what we give children will not be rational love. Therefore, as parents, educators and every primary school student, we must master some relevant knowledge, improve our sensitivity and ability to distinguish problems, find unhealthy psychology as soon as possible, take effective measures to educate and adjust, and avoid serious problems and adverse events. 1. Self-centeredness, a common psychological phenomenon of primary school students (1), is now common among only children. Judging from the current situation of only children, they are almost the darling of the family, and they are the "little emperors" that grandparents, grandparents and parents support with all their energy. Children cultivated in a pampered family environment are often more likely to form self-centered bad characters. This kind of child is unpopular among friends, because he is arrogant, selfish, pretentious, can't stand any grievances, suffers losses everywhere, has the upper hand in everything, has no respect for others, has no spirit of unity and friendship, and conducts self-analysis and self-criticism on himself. When he grows up, he is also a loner in society, and others will inevitably stay away from him, so he can only be alone and it is difficult to make intimate friends. Analysis of this student is a typical self-centered person, which is very harmful. It will blind children's eyes and make them unable to see farther. In severe cases, it will lead to worsening contradictions and aggression. (2) Under the impact of today's economy, people pay more attention to material benefits and material benefits. This mentality affects our children through the role of parents and social media, which makes some children put enjoyment and money first. They never consider the needs of others, always regard others as their opponents, see that others are in trouble, are unwilling to lend a helping hand, and secretly rejoice, waiting for others to laugh. A classmate in grade six usually gets good grades and studies hard, but never wants to help others. The teacher specially arranged for him to sit with an average child, hoping to help the underachievers learn, but he always perfunctory. He looked impatient when his classmates asked him questions. Once, a classmate called him to ask for some review questions about mathematics. He simply refused him on the phone and said that he wanted to use them. Analyzing the student's behavior, we think that with the continuous progress of social modernization, people don't need to master everything in person in an era of high division of labor. Modern people must learn to cooperate with others and get along with others. Only by respecting and understanding others from the heart can we survive better in modern society. Like the classmate above, he is unwilling to help others and share anything with others. In the long run, he will lose friends, others will not communicate with him, and naturally there will be no review materials. (3) lack of compassion. Compassion is the emotional foundation to ensure interpersonal communication. Confucius said, "Everyone has compassion." We always feel very sad when others encounter misfortune. Psychology believes that sympathy is a consistent emotion or emotional experience caused by the real or imagined emotion and emotional state of others, and it is an alternative emotional response ability. It enables us to put ourselves in others' shoes and share joys and sorrows with them. But some children around us are very unsympathetic. There are two classmates in grade six who always give teachers and classmates a headache, because they always gloat when others make mistakes and criticize. A female student in physical education class fell down while running, and her face was bruised. The students all gathered around to express their comfort, but they smiled and said, "It serves you right." Countermeasures for common psychological problems of primary school students (1) Countermeasures Schools should adopt 1 ` to provide students with comprehensive help in the form of psychological consultation. The psychological quality of students is internalized through collective psychology. Therefore, the head teacher should carry out mental health education according to the actual situation of the class and the group counseling plan, and strive to cultivate a good class atmosphere so that students can establish equal and harmonious interpersonal relationships. 2. Teachers should correctly guide pupils' mental health awareness. While learning cultural knowledge and basic skills, primary school students must also participate in some collective activities and social contacts in a planned and purposeful way. In this way, they can better cultivate students' diverse interests and hobbies, learn to observe, analyze and evaluate themselves, and gradually form good psychological qualities of self-esteem, self-love, self-confidence and self-control, which can meet their advanced needs in social communication and is also conducive to the formation. Teachers should also teach pupils some simple and effective self-mental health education methods, such as: ① Learn to relax. Knowing that nervousness is a normal psychological reaction can be adjusted and relaxed by imagination, distraction, breathing adjustment, physical activities, listening to music, singing, reading and sleeping. 2 talk to people. To let primary school students know that they have problems and learn to ask for help, they can talk to teachers and psychological counselors at school; You can talk to your elders, relatives and friends at home; There can also be people in the society to talk to, such as psychological counseling calls and so on. You can talk to people at any time and learn to talk to people all your life. ③ Learn to keep a diary or a weekly diary. Pupils should learn to talk to themselves with pens and describe their inner tracks with words, which is of great help to the healthy growth of psychology. (2) The countermeasures that families should take 1. Parents should actively cooperate with school mental health education. First of all, family education should focus on cultivating children's beautiful hearts and innocent hearts, which need more care. First of all, parents should know that children's hearts need more care, and it is every parent's obligation to care about their mental health from an early age. Second, listen to the children. Parents are often used to talking by themselves and making their children obey. Family should be a place where children can talk psychologically. Parents should pay attention to leave the opportunity to talk to their children, especially introverted children. Parents should pay more attention and encourage their children to talk more. Parents should not neglect the exchange of ideas with their children because of their busy work. Finally, tolerance and restraint are both important. There is no consensus on whether it is better to be tolerant or strict with children. In reality, the lesson of family education failure is often too lenient or too strict. Parents should treat their children equally and give them the necessary constraints while tolerating them. Excessive tolerance leads to doting, while excessive severity leads to the lack of love. Parents should understand this truth. Children's happy character will not be developed in reprimand. Parents' timely praise can help children develop a good character more than other material rewards. There is no contradiction between praising children and restraining their bad behavior. Respect for children's happy life begins with encouragement and praise. 2. Parents should establish a correct educational concept and guide their children's growth with scientific methods. Due to the long-term influence of the traditional educational concept, our parents have no systematic theoretical knowledge of educating their children, and the educational methods are not suitable for the children's development law.