I. Explanation of nouns (3 points for each small question, *** 15 points)
1 news structure
2. Dynamic messages
3. Comprehensive news
sketch
observe
Second, multiple-choice questions (choose a correct answer from the four alternative answers of each small question, and fill in the serial number of the correct answer in brackets. 65438+ 0 points for each small question, ***30 points)
1. The function of news is ()
A.b. Reporting and assessing facts
C. Publicity and comment policy D. Analysis and judgment of facts
2. Reporting healthy content beneficial to social progress belongs to journalists ()
A. Professional ethics cultivation B. Knowledge cultivation C. Style cultivation D. Business cultivation
3. The earliest modern Chinese newspaper in China is ().
A. Asia Daily B. Chinese and foreign bulletins
C. Monthly Biography of Examining the Worldliness D. Chinese and Foreign Journals
4. The ability to judge whether a fact can arouse the reader's interest belongs to the reporter ()
A. news sensitivity B. news judgment C. news summary D. news analysis ability
5. The propaganda value of news is ()
A. timeliness, typicality, pertinence and consistency B. authenticity, timeliness, pertinence and consistency
C. flexibility, typicality, pertinence and consistency D. consistency, pertinence, typicality and timeliness
6. The reporter's interview is mainly manifested in four stages: ()
A. Intimacy, harmony, communication and inspiration B. Intimacy, harmony, communication and communication.
C. Approach, communicate, talk and record D. Approach, communicate, make friends and inspire.
7. Implementing "psychological control" on interviewees belongs to the following interview methods: ()
A. Listen more and talk less, and learn from Bona. B. Seek common ground while reserving differences and speak out psychologically.
C. communicate ideas and improvise. Be flexible with different people.
8. As the saying goes, hearing is false, seeing is true, which embodies a feature of observation: ()
A. comprehensiveness of observation B. objectivity of observation C. directness of observation D. sensitivity of observation
9. Journalists interview celebrities or important people in the form of visiting relatives in disguise or changing their names. This interview form belongs to ()
A. Off-site interview B. Cross interview C. Tour interview D. Hidden interview
10. It is the reporter's intention to capture the details of the change event ()
A. Instant impressions B. News facts C. Unique feelings D. Background materials
1 1. Adjusting subtle psychological and emotional changes between the interviewer and the interviewee is called () in news interviews.
A. On-site coordination method B. Emotional adjustment method C. Situational coordination method D. Psychological induction method
12. The first point of news writing is ()
A. Real B. Flexible C. Unique D. Fast
13. The third person is often used in information writing of ()
A. increase intimacy B. improve objectivity C. avoid subjective preaching D. increase realism
14. Highlighting the characteristics of news is the writing of ().
A. Dynamic news B. Special report C. Activity newsletter D. Sketch
15. What kind of ancient writing style is directly related to the early communication of characters? ( )
A. Prose B. Novel C. Travel Notes D. Biography
The cable message of16.188165438+February () was established.
A. Shanghai to Beijing B. Shanghai to Guangzhou C. Tianjin to Shanghai D. Shanghai to Wuhan
17. The investigation report belongs to ()
A. Legal application B. News edge C. Practical application D. Financial application
18. The first factor for the success of news works is ().
A. Fresh facts B. Tight structure C. Concise language D. Novel perspective
19. It is () that puts the freshest, most important and most attractive factual materials in front.
A. Structure of dynamic messages B. Structure of concise messages
C. Structure of comprehensive information D. Structure of empirical information
20. Grasping typical scenes to express aesthetic feeling refers to () in news literary talent.
A. narrative should highlight the sense of movement. B. Things should highlight the image.
C. Pay attention to the aesthetic feeling in description D. Pay attention to the true feelings in rhetoric
2 1. In the traditional writing, the word that omits the transition and cohesion between sentences and paragraphs is ().
A. Jumping style B. "Montage" style C. Simple style D. Prose style
22. The so-called application of objective techniques in news writing is to hide opinions in objective reports of facts, that is, to turn () into invisible opinions.
A. Subjective intention B. Theoretical connotation C. National policy D. Facts
23. A very important aspect of journalists' writing skills is to write well ().
A. Subject B. Ending C. Introduction D. Title
24. The lead that is praised as the model of the first generation lead by western news works is written by ().
A. Morse B. Jack Hethum C. Melvin. Mance John. descend
25. "Mr. Xu Beihong has high attainments in Chinese painting, oil painting and sketch, especially in painting galloping horses, lions and morning chickens." This background material is ()
A. Knowledge background B. Personality background C. Social background D. Things background
26. Sightseeing or visiting is also called ()
A. Sketch B. Introduction C. Tour D. Prose
27. In communication, it is a common technique in () to write people with "people following things".
A. Character communication B. Event communication C. Work communication D. Style communication
28. Only one moment, one shot of a character's activity is grasped, and one characteristic of a character is the writing of ().
A. Close-up of people B. Communication of people C. Special report D. Close-up of events
29. Kazuo Chen of Asahi Shimbun urged reporters to pay attention to the news.
A. Find B with a keen sense of political smell, and find B with your own feet.
C. go to d with a strong sense of responsibility. All three are wrong.
30. The earliest newspaper in ancient China was ().
A. Beijing newspaper B. tabloid C. local newspaper D. handwritten newspaper
Three, multiple-choice questions (choose two to five correct answers in each of the five alternative answers, the serial number of the correct answer is filled in brackets, and multiple choices, fewer choices, and wrong choices do not score. Each small question 1 point, * * *1point)
1. News literary talent should start from several aspects ().
A. narrative highlights movement B. things highlight images C. rhetoric emphasizes true feelings
D. describe beauty. Language emphasizes liveliness.
2. The key news is divided into: ()
A.B. Situation review C. Work review
D. Ideological review E. Policy review
3. The common methods of comprehensive news are: ()
A. Combination of point and surface B. Narration and discussion C. General narration
D. Contrast and contrast E. Positive and negative combination
4. The methods that can be used to save the latest meaningful news are: ()
A. Grasp the news background B. Bring the old with the new C. Grasp the disclosed factual changes
D. From near to far E. Grasping the missing facts
5. Logical sequential writing in news topic writing refers to: ()
A. organizing factual materials according to the primary and secondary relations of facts B. organizing factual materials according to the spatial relations of facts
C. organizing factual materials according to the causal relationship of facts D. organizing factual materials according to the comparative relationship of facts
E. organize the factual materials according to the juxtaposed facts.
6. The writing methods and skills of communication are: ()
A. Argumentation and lyricism B. Plots and details C. Narration and description
D. Angle and contradiction E. Structure and hierarchy
7. In style communication, the techniques of expressing emotion by borrowing scenery are usually as follows: ()
A. touching the scene, feeling in the scene. B. The scenes blend together and are inseparable. C. emotions are expressed by events.
D. integrate the narrative and lyricism of the scenery. E. express feelings for things and send feelings for things.
8. The investigation report can be divided into: ()
A. Experience B. Expose C. Discuss
D.E. Types of basic social conditions
9. The main forms of communication are: ()
A. Interview B. Visit C. Sketch
D. Interview notes E. Short stories
10. The qualities of journalists include: ()
A. Knowledge cultivation B. Style cultivation C. Theory cultivation
D. Professional ethics cultivation E. Political cultivation
4. Short answer questions (5 points for each small question, *** 15 points)
1. Why does news need literature and art? What are the specific aspects?
2. What are the characteristics of discussion and lyricism in communication? Why do they need to operate positions and control the quantity?
3. Briefly describe the characteristics of news clues and the methods of finding news clues.
V. Essay questions (10 mark)
Four requirements of news writing: novelty, conciseness, quickness and vividness.
Six, the application problem (20 points)
Write a message according to the given material.
Requirements: (1) accurately summarize the facts; (2) The theme is concentrated and the angle is appropriate; (3) designing a distinctive lead; (4) making a title conforming to the message specification; (5) the sentence is fluent and there are no typos; (6) Word count: 300-400 words.
Additional materials:
Stem cell research is one of the two hot spots in life science, which is juxtaposed with genetic engineering in the world. The results of genetic engineering are directly applied to
Clinical medicine is still too early and dangerous; Stem cell research is reaching a climax, especially the use of biological stem cells to synthesize organs and tissues will effectively solve brain diseases, anemia, heart failure, diabetes, etc., and it is safe and reliable. Therefore, scientists who successfully bred cloned sheep for the first time also turned their research direction to stem cells. At present, almost all internationally renowned universities have established stem cell laboratories. Xu Rongxiang, a famous scientist of China Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, is one of the leading figures in stem cell research. He led the research team, and through hard work, he has taken the lead in creating the in-situ culture technology of stem cells, and published the map of stem cell tissue replication internationally. The research of stem cells by foreign scientists still stays at the level of replicating cells, but Professor Xu has expanded to replicate organs with complete functions. His research team has been nourished, using a special combination of life nutrients, so that these cells continue to divide, clone and proliferate, and synthesize new stomach and intestinal tissues. The new achievements of replicating gastrointestinal organs and tissues with in-situ stem cells can be applied to clinic, which can repair the damaged gastrointestinal mucosa in time and save patients with gastrointestinal diseases from the pain of surgery. Professor Xu's research team is cooperating with relevant medical experts and will soon launch new drugs in this field. In-situ replication of stem cells has broad application prospects, and once it enters the clinical stage, it will form a huge industry, so Professor Xu applied for the patent of in-situ synthesis of gastrointestinal organs and tissues in time. According to relevant regulations, he will publish this latest achievement in detail in authoritative international academic journals.
Zhejiang Higher Education Self-taught Examination June 2002 5438+ 10
News interview writing test questions reference answers
Course code: 00654
I. Explanation of nouns (3 points for each small question, *** 15 points)
1. The so-called news structure refers to the content and structure of news, that is, the layout of news works.
2. Dynamic news, also known as "pure news", is the most common type of news. Dynamic news reports the news facts that are happening or new at home and abroad quickly and timely, which is the main news genre reflecting new things, new situations and new trends.
3. Comprehensive news is a kind of news body that reflects the overall situation of an event or problem from different aspects around a theme, or comprehensively reports some news facts with similar nature and characteristics in different regions and units.
4. Sketch is one of the forms of communication, and its writing characteristics are the same as painting, focusing on the rough expression of events, outlines, main features or deeds of people on the basis of quickly capturing facts. The technique is concise, the response is quick, the event is not unfolded, and only the parts with personality and characteristics are sketched to show the overall characteristics of the object.
5. Observation, as a way of news interview, refers to reporters observing and thinking about objective facts from the outside to the inside, so as to verify and collect news materials and clues. There is an interview in observation, and there is observation in interview, usually a combination of the two.
Second, multiple-choice questions (65438+ 0 points for each small question, ***30 points)
1.B 2。 A 3。 C 4 explosive A 5。 D
6. A seven. B 8。 C 9。 D 10。 A
1 1.D 12。 A 13。 D 14。 B 15。 D
16.C 17。 B 18。 D 19。 A 20. C
2 1.B 22。 A handful of 23. C 24。 D 25。 B
26.C 27。 B 28。 A handful of 29. B 30。 C
Third, multiple-choice questions (each question 1 point, * * *1point. Choose multiple choices and less points)
1.ACD 2。 BCD 3。 ABD 4。 BCD 5。 American Council for drug education American anti-drug education Committee
6.BDE 7。 ACD 8。 ABCE 9。 BCDE 10。 ab blood type
4. Short answer questions (5 points for each small question, *** 15 points)
1. News should also have literary talent, because news writing pays attention to literary talent and adapts to the aesthetic requirements of the audience, which can make the dissemination of news receive more ideal results. The general characteristics of news literary talent are: light and tasteful because of things. It is embodied in the following aspects: A: Narration highlights the dynamic nature, and actions can add color to the narrative and also have fascinating effects. Therefore, if news writing wants to be literary, it must be good at using dynamic verbs. B: News that describes aesthetic feeling and reflects real life itself is rich and colorful. C: Rhetoric emphasizes true feelings, and news works spread news facts. Any fact has its occurrence, development, change and ending, and it forms a complete process.
2.( 1) Discussion and lyricism in communication require touching the scene, that is, proceeding from the facts and integrating with the report of the facts. The function of lyricism and discussion, from the content point of view, is to express the tendency and praise of journalists and express their views and opinions on things. In this sense, the tendency of communication is often more obvious than news reports. (2) The application of lyricism and discussion in communication has a problem of position management and quantity control. Location management is the position arrangement in the report structure. From the content point of view, the position of lyric and discussion should be at the climax; From the layout point of view, it is mostly placed at the end of a large section. Only in this way can we effectively show the power of lyricism and discussion in communication, because news writing is mainly narrative description, which is different from lyric prose and discussion articles. The lyrical and argumentative writing of communication should be refined.
3. First, news clues, also known as interview clues and report clues, are a signal of news facts and a brief outline or fragment reflecting the facts. News clues have the following characteristics: 1, which is relatively simple and has poor integrity. News clues are just a fragmentary situation, just a brief outline or some fragmentary materials that reflect the facts. 2. Short time and low stability. Due to the occurrence and existence of news facts, many of them are short-lived, and will lose their value after a long time, and the emergence of news clues is often short-lived. 3, just a signal, to be confirmed. News clues, such signals and signs, only show "what happened." 4. The reaction phenomenon changes greatly. A clue is the superficial phenomenon of something that a reporter sees, hears or touches. After on-the-spot understanding, this phenomenon may have many changes. Second: there are two ways to find news clues: one is the direct way, that is, to practice and to the masses. The second is the indirect way, mainly: 1, the source of advantage. 2, written channels, this is to find clues from written materials. 3, social channels, which rely on the "news information network" to provide clues. 4. Meeting channels, this is the clue that reporters learned from various meetings. 5. Communication channels, leading to clues from public reports of news media.
V. Essay questions (10 mark)
All news styles, whether news reports, newsletters or features, should strive to be new, fast, short and lively in writing. News writing is particularly strict.
1. new: news, news, new experiences, so the news surname is often called "new". This definition of "new" means, of course, that the reported facts should have new contents and new meanings, "new things" must be based on "new times", and outdated old news cannot be news. News writing should focus on recent or changing facts, learn from new things as much as possible, write innovative content, and pay attention to reflecting the new situation, new things, new experiences and new characteristics of our times. Generally speaking, things are out of date for a long time, even if they are unknown, don't pretend to be news to report them. In the case selection of news writing, we should also like the new and hate the old, and seek further from the near. Of course, although some things have passed for a long time, the content is still new and can still be reported. If news is to be "new", it is necessary to highlight new ideas and not be overwhelmed by factual narrative.
2. Fast: The news "new" and "fast" are closely linked. If truth is the first life of news, then speed and timeliness are the second life of news.
Fast news writing is urgent, which means that you need to think quickly and write quickly. The so-called "waiting on the horse". The live coverage of radio and television should be more convincing. News writing pays attention to the speed of soldiers, and time cannot be delayed.
The characteristics of news determine that writing should be fast. Because facts become news, two conditions must be met, namely, content conditions and timeliness conditions. The so-called timeliness refers to the recent occurrence and timely dissemination of facts. In modern society, the pace of all aspects is accelerating, and news bears the brunt.
The fast pace of news involves many links such as writing, editing and broadcasting. As far as writing is concerned, including structural form, expressive art and language use, it not only ensures the quality of news, but also can write quickly and send quickly.
3. brevity: the novelty of news is connected with rapidity, and rapidity is inseparable from brevity. Write short to write fast, short is the advantage of news. More short news can also increase the information content of radio, TV programs and newspapers, which is convenient for the audience to listen, watch, listen or read.
How can I keep the news short?
(1) To put it bluntly, this is to advocate a concise and lively news style, without beating around the bush or dragging its feet.
(2) Say less empty words, that is, speak with facts, and insist on "doing our best" in words, that is, "stop talking".
(3) A story pays off, that is, a piece of news usually only reports one fact, so don't be greedy for perfection and cover everything.
(4) To temper the language, that is, to choose words and words based on the principle of economy, and strive to be accurate and refined, in line with norms and standards.
(5) To be willing to cut "love" means to have the courage to delete the manuscript and try to squeeze out the water in the manuscript.
4. On-site: News writing requires novelty, quickness and conciseness. At the same time, you have to live. To live in words is to vividly reflect the facts and flexibly adopt appropriate forms of expression.
If news is to be vivid, it is necessary to pay attention to rhetoric, not just platitudes. More importantly, it is the key to write out the characteristics and personality of things and avoid patterning and generalization. Vivid facts are of course the foundation of news writing, and attention should also be paid to the layout of articles and the use of language. The structure of news has certain rules, but it also avoids similarities. Pay attention to "climax first, wonderful first" and "avoid boring writing and make a leap".
Six, the application problem (20 points)