When the samara is ripe and the peel turns yellow-brown, it can be harvested. Seeds can be harvested from September to March every year, and the fruit does not fall off. After the fruit is harvested, it is spread out to dry, the wings of the fruit are ground off, and after the impurities are removed by air separation, the long fruit particles, that is, the seeds mentioned in the production, are bagged and refrigerated. 1000-grain weight is 95g, and the germination rate is 60%.
2. Seed treatment
30-40 days before spring sowing, the seeds are soaked in 1% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution at 30℃ for 2 hours and naturally cooled; Rub the seeds by hand at the same time, then soak them in clean cold water for 3-5 days, change water 1 time every day, soak them in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 3-4 hours after 3-5 days, and take out the seeds. After the liquid medicine is washed with clear water, the seeds are mixed into three times of clean and moist river sand, and the mixture of the seeds and river sand is placed at a low temperature of 5- 10℃ and kept at a humidity of 60%. After 30 days, the seeds begin to crack, and 1/3 seeds can be sown after cracking.
Step 3: sow.
Sowing sites should be loam and sandy loam plots with fertile soil and good drainage, and autumn soil preparation should be carried out in advance. Before spring sowing 10 days or so, apply fertilizer and rake the ground, and then make a bed. The seedbed is 20-30m long,110cm wide,15cm high and 50cm wide. Level the bed surface with a fine rake, then water it 1 time for water infiltration, and sow when the bed surface is slightly dry. The method of sowing noodles on the bed was adopted, with the sowing amount of 50g/ m2, 18kg/ mu (667 m2), the thickness of soil covering after pressing was 1.5cm, watering was carried out, and the bed surface was covered with fine grass clippings or sawdust to keep the bed surface moist.
4. Seedling management
Seeds can germinate and be unearthed in about 15 days after sowing. When the seedlings grow to 2cm high, they can be thinned for 1 time, with 200 plants per square meter; When the seedlings grow to a height of 4-5cm, the seedlings are fixed, leaving 150 plants /m2. Water the seedlings in time after planting, topdressing 1 times nitrogen fertilizer after 2-3 days, weeding and loosening the soil in time. In that year, the seedling height was 60-90cm, and the seedling yield was 150 plants/square meter, and 54,000 plants/mu (667 square meters). 1 year-old seedlings can also be raised in bed as needed 1-2 years. During the growth of seedbed, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied twice to weed and loosen the soil in time. The height of two-year-old seedlings is 90- 140cm and that of three-year-old seedlings is 130- 170cm. 1, hedge and line foot
The seedlings for hedgerows and line feet require many branches, low branch points, uniform branch thickness and consistent branch length, and are generally planted with 1 year seedlings. Therefore, during seedling raising, when the seedlings grow to 4-5cm high, the seedlings should be fixed and pinched at the same time, leaving 100 plants/square meter, and the seedlings should be managed as usual. In that year, the seedling height was 30-50cm, with 3-5 branches, and the seedling yield was 36,000 plants/mu.
2, the use of plastic trees
Don't pinch the seedlings during seedling raising, keep the bed 1-2 years as needed, and keep the seedlings 100 plants /m2, and manage according to the general seedlings. Plastic saplings should also be planted in loam and sandy loam plots with fertile soil and good drainage, and soil preparation and fertilization should be carried out before planting. Ridge-planting 2-3-year-old seedbed seedlings in spring, with ridge width of 60-70cm and plant spacing of 100cm, and the seedlings should be righted and compacted. Before planting, the root system of seedlings should be trimmed, and the root system length is 12- 15cm. Starting from the second year after sowing, the seedlings are fixed, and the fixed stem height is 60- 120cm. Seedlings should be pruned and reshaped in the second year after the stem is fixed. After 2-3 years of plastic surgery, the shape of the seedlings is basically fixed, and they can be planted in autumn or spring of the following year. For plastic saplings that don't need to have the height under the branches, they can also be cultivated on the ridge with pointed seedlings, trimmed and shaped from the second year of planting, and can be planted in the garden after 4-5 years of planting.
Step 3 watch shrubs
Ridge cultivation in spring 1 annual non-heading seedlings, spacing of 60cm, stubble leveling after planting, stubble height 10cm. In June, when the lateral branches grow to 10-20cm, three robust lateral branches are selected to stay, the rest are all cut off, and the remaining three lateral branches are evenly distributed as far as possible. Weed and loosen the soil in time, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 1 time every year, and seedlings can leave the nursery after three years of planting. At this time, the seedling height is 120- 150cm.
4. Ornamental trees and road greening
In spring, 2-3-year-old seedbed seedlings are planted every 80 cm on the ridge, and evergreen seedlings such as Picea koraiensis and Picea koraiensis can be planted on the empty ridge, with the height of 20-30 cm and the spacing of 50 cm; ; You can also plant shrubs such as Elaeagnus Elaeagnus, Lilac and so on in four seasons, with a spacing of 40cm, so as to make full use of land resources. After the seedlings are planted, weeding, loosening soil and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer are carried out twice a year from May to July to promote the healthy growth of seedlings.
From the second year after planting, the seedlings should be pruned properly every year, mainly to shrink the big lateral branches that affect the growth of the trunk of the seedlings, and cut off all the lateral branches and sprouting branches in the range of 1/3 below the seedlings. If the main branch is weak or damaged, 1 big side branch with vigorous growth can be selected to replace the main branch. According to the need, the seedlings can be aired from the second year after planting, and the drying height is 120- 160cm. The seedlings can be planted in the nursery after 3-4 years. At this time, the ground diameter of seedlings can reach 3-4cm, and landscaping should be transplanted with soil.