First, grasp the five keys of scaffolding
1, scaffolding poles should be disinfected.
For bamboo poles and other things used for scaffolding, firstly spray or soak them with carbendazim and other liquid medicines for half an hour or soak them for 1 hour, so as to completely kill pathogenic infectious bacteria on the fighting objects and prevent pests and diseases from infecting yam plants.
2, scaffolding should be fastened.
Because the scaffolding has been used for a long time, in order to avoid the lodging problem caused by heavy wind and rain weather in the later stage of the scaffolding, the bamboo poles of the scaffolding should be tied firmly on the one hand, and the bamboo poles should be buried 20-30 cm deep on the other hand, so as to enhance the bearing capacity and weather resistance of the scaffolding. Scaffolding can be in the form of herringbone shed with bamboo poles fixed at a 45-degree angle.
3. Be highly scientific.
Yam is a vine crop, which will produce many leaves in the later stage. If the shed is too low and the liana leaves are too dense, it will shade the plants, which will easily lead to less light receiving area of photosynthetic leaves and insufficient nutrient production. If the shed is too high, the plants between rows will shade each other, resulting in poor light transmission and ventilation between rows, and a large number of pests and diseases will occur in the later stage of breeding, which will eventually lead to a decline in yield.
Therefore, when erecting, the fighting height should be scientifically selected according to the plant height and planting row spacing of yam varieties. Varieties with more stems, vines and leaves can be slightly higher, and the length of bamboo poles should be1.3m ~1.5m. Iron stick yam can be erected with bamboo poles of1m ~1.2m.
4, scaffolding time should be reasonable.
When the length of the yam faucet (the thinner part in front of the yam) reaches 50-80 cm, it should be inserted and erected in time. In the process of erection, the stems and vines should be moved to the vicinity of bamboo poles so as to facilitate the stems and vines to climb into the shed as soon as possible.
5. Stems, vines and leaves should be controlled.
After yam is put on shelves in the early stage, it should be controlled in time when the branches and leaves are full, so as to reduce the nutrient consumption of branches and leaves and yam bean, concentrate nutrients for the rapid development and expansion of underground roots, and ensure high yield in the later stage. The yield of yam stems and leaves covered with single layer leaves in greenhouse is the best. For yam plants that grow too fast, paclobutrazol can be sprayed for drug control, so as to control the top and promote the bottom, increase production and improve quality.
Second, skillfully manage seedling growth.
Robust plants are the basis of high yield and high quality in the later period. After the emergence of Chinese yam, on the one hand, those weak seedlings should be eliminated in time, on the other hand, 0.2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed for foliar fertilizer, on the other hand, carbendazim, mancozeb and other drugs should be sprayed in time to prevent the damage of ring rot and anthracnose to plants in advance.
Through the above management measures, the seedlings can grow stronger, the stems and vines are stronger, the disease resistance of the plants is stronger, and the high yield in the later stage is more guaranteed.
Third, control water reasonably to ensure high yield.
Yam leaves are drought-tolerant because of their thick cuticle, but there is also a saying that yam is flat when planted in drought and round when waterlogged, which shows that yam is drought-tolerant, but in order to have good yield and quality, it is still necessary to water reasonably and maintain soil moisture. Water according to the wet and dry conditions of the soil, a small amount of water, not a large amount of water.
Yam should be watered 1 time before planting, 1 time in shallow water after planting, and 1 time after emergence. The first watering can be about 80 cm-1 m, which can promote the root system of yam to take root in deep soil and better absorb nutrients in the soil. When many people water yam seedlings, they are used to watering "thin feces and urine" together, but at this time, the root system of yam is cheap and tender, which is easy to cause root burning. Pay attention to it. In addition, it is necessary to avoid watering yam too much, otherwise it will easily cause yam deformity or breed pests and diseases. Before the rainy season comes, it is necessary to dig the field drainage ditch in advance to prevent waterlogging.