Chinese name: Mangosteen Latin scientific name: purplemangosteen
Family: Hypericum chinense alias: Mangji persimmon, Mangzhu and Mangosteen.
Nomenclature: Mangosteen Kingdom: Plant Kingdom
Genus: Garcinia; Pant plant
Species: Mangosteen: Dicotyledonous plants
Origin: Malaysia, Thailand Order: Chrysopa.
Mangosteen can refer to both the plant Mangosteen and its fruit Mangosteen. Mangji persimmon, formerly known as Mangji persimmon, originated in Southeast Asia. Generally, it takes 65,438+00 years to bear fruit. It is very strict with the environment, so it is a veritable green fruit, just like durian, and is known as the "fruit queen". Mangosteen is cold, which can reduce fire, clear heat, remove dryness and cool. Mangosteen and durian are hot and cool. After one king, Thailand called them "husband and wife fruit". If you eat durian, you must eat mangosteen to clear away heat. In addition, mangosteen can also dissolve fat, moisturize skin and eliminate acne, which is an excellent beauty beauty fruit! Mangosteen also has many functions, and it can also recuperate people who are malnourished, sick and weak. However, mangosteen is the coldest fruit. People with deficiency and cold constitution should eat less, and people with normal constitution should not eat more, just three or four a day. Mangosteen has many functions, but you should pay attention to eating mangosteen: you can't eat it with cold foods such as watermelon, soybean milk, cabbage, beer, bitter gourd and melon.
Basic overview
Mangosteen can refer to both the plant Mangosteen and the fruit of this plant Mangosteen, which has high nutritional value. Originated in Southeast Asia, it was originally named Mangzhong persimmon, located in Mangzhong, www.bdsdq.com. Generally, it takes 65,438+00 years to begin to bear fruit, which is strict with the environment. Therefore, it is a veritable green fruit, just like durian, and is known as the "fruit queen".
Description: Garcinia is an evergreen tree with a height of 15m and a life span of more than 70 years. The leaves are oval, the flowers are like hollyhocks, and the petals are red and yellow, mostly spring flowers and autumn fruits. Although the planting cost of mangosteen is not high, it takes many years to harvest, and it usually takes 10 years after planting. Because the output is not high, things are rare, and the price is often twice or twice as high as that of the American "five-legged apple". The winter temperature in Taiwan Province Province is lower than that in Southeast Asia, so the local conditions can't adapt. Therefore, although the introduction experiment started in the early 20th century failed, Taiwan Province Province has not yet achieved economic cultivation. The key point is that high temperature is one of the important growth factors. If the temperature is lower than 4℃, you will die of frostbite. But mangosteen is indeed produced near Huangguoshu Waterfall in Guizhou, China, and it tastes good.
Although the name mangosteen is similar to mango, it must not be confused with mango tree or mango. In fact, mangosteen fruit trees belong to the same family as the herb St. John's wort.
The exocarp of mangosteen contains a series of astringent polyphenols, including xanthone and tannic acid, which can ensure that the fruit is not harmed by insects, fungi, plant viruses, bacteria and animals when it is immature. Among them, xanthone has.
Mangosteen is also known as the fruit queen. In addition to sweetness, mangosteen also played a role in ancient Southeast Asian medicine. Traditionally, mangosteen is used to control the temperature of fever and prevent various skin infections.
efficacy
Mangosteen is very rich in nutritional value, among which mangosteen is rich in protein and lipids, which has a good nutritional supplement effect on human body, especially for people with malnutrition, physical weakness and illness.
Mangosteen is rich in protein and lipids, which has a good nourishing effect on the body, and has a good recuperating effect on weakness, malnutrition and illness. Mangosteen pulp contains 16.8% soluble solids, 0.63% citric acid, and other vitamins B 1, B2, C4 and minerals, which has the functions of drying, cooling and antipyretic. Therefore, mangosteen is not only delicious, but also has the effect of reducing fire, which can neutralize the heat of durian.
When eating mangosteen, it should be noted that the cellulose contained in mangosteen will swell in the stomach because of water absorption, and excessive consumption will cause constipation, so eat mangosteen in moderation and don't eat too much at one time. Mangosteen contains a lot of sugar, so obese people and people who are losing weight had better not eat it. Mangosteen contains more potassium, which has adverse effects on patients with kidney disease and heart disease, so patients with kidney disease and heart disease can't eat mangosteen.
efficacy
Flat in nature, sweet and slightly sour in taste. Skin: cool in nature and bitter in taste.
Strengthening the spleen and promoting fluid production, stopping diarrhea. Skin: anti-inflammatory and analgesic.
therapy
Diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, dry mouth, burn, scald, eczema, stomatitis.
Its pericarp can be used externally to treat scald.
nutritive value
Mangosteen pulp contains soluble solids 16.8%, citric acid about 0.63%, mangosteen vitamin B 1, B2, C4 and minerals. Has the effects of reducing dryness, lowering temperature and relieving fever. Therefore, mangosteen is not only delicious, but also has the effect of reducing fire, which can overcome the heat of durian. In Thailand, people regard durian mangosteen as "the fruit of husband and wife". When durian is eaten too much, it will get angry, and eating a few mangosteens will relieve it.
In addition, mangosteen is rich in protein and lipids, which has a good nourishing effect on the body, and has a good nourishing effect on weakness, malnutrition and illness.
Mangosteen tastes sweet, but its smell is weak, because the chemical composition of its smell is about 1/400 of that of aromatic fruit. The fragrant smell of mangosteen is mainly composed of volatile components, including hexyl acetate, leaf alcohol (cis -3- hexenol) and α-Cuban ene. Mangosteen is rich in nutrition, has strong antioxidant effect and has health care function, but it should be eaten in moderation, because although xanthone under study may have disease resistance, excessive intake of this substance will increase the possibility of acidosis. α-mangostin is a kind of xanthone, which has obvious antioxidant effect and has been widely used in the field of medicine. However, excessive use of α -mangostin will have toxic effects on mitochondrial function, damage respiratory function and cause lactic acidosis. Mangosteen is rich in protein, sugar and lipid, and is mainly used to treat diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, thirst, dry mouth, burns, eczema and stomatitis. Mangosteen pulp is cold, so it is easy to get angry after eating durian. You can eat mangosteen to get rid of fire, but you should not eat more. Patients with kidney disease, heart disease and diabetes should use it with caution, and those with damp-heat abdominal pain and diarrhea should not take it. Exocarp powder can treat diarrhea and dysentery orally, and can treat dermatosis externally. Dry alpine bamboo leaves can be used to make tea. The red pigment in exocarp can be used to make yellow dye.
Mangosteen is rich in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin B and vitamin C, which has a good nourishing effect on the body and has a good recuperating effect on weakness, malnutrition and illness.
Picking mangosteen:
When choosing mangosteen, you must choose new fruits with green stems and soft fruits, otherwise you will buy "dead bamboo". Be careful not to dye purple juice on the meat when peeling, which will affect the taste. Mangosteen is rich in cellulose, but it absorbs water and expands in the stomach. Excessive consumption can cause constipation. The sugar content is high, so obese people should eat less, and diabetics should not eat. It also contains high potassium, so patients with kidney disease and heart disease should eat less.
How to eat:
Mature mangosteen has purple-black peel, small fruit stalk and yellow-green fruit pedicle. If the peel is thick and hard, you can cut it with a knife first, or pinch it out of the gap by hand and then break it open. Note that purple juice will seep out after peeling the peel to avoid getting on the clothes. The mangosteen fruit stripped of its shell will reveal white and smooth pulp. The pulp is closely arranged like garlic cloves. It tastes sweet and sour, refreshing and juicy. It is a fruit suitable for all ages.
morphological character
epicarp
Mangosteen carries out incomplete apogamy, so it can bear fruit without fertilization. The newly grown fruit is tender green. If it grows under a mangosteen tree, the fruit will be completely white. In the next two or three months, the fruit became bigger, the color of the exocarp gradually deepened, and finally turned dark green. Eventually, the whole fruit will grow to about 4-8 cm in diameter, and the hard exocarp will become softer, which means that its seeds have been fully developed. When the fruit volume stops increasing, chlorophyll synthesis slows down and another color tone begins to appear. The pigment of fruit exocarp is green at first, with red stripes on it, then turns red as a whole, and finally becomes deep purple. This process lasted for more than ten days, indicating that the fruit was completely mature and ready to eat.
The exocarp of mangosteen contains a series of astringent polyphenols, including xanthone and tannic acid, which can ensure that the fruit is not harmed by insects, fungi, plant viruses, bacteria and animals when it is immature. Among them, xanthone has anticancer and antioxidant effects.
endocarp
The edible endocarp of Mangosteen is called aril in botany, which is white and about 4-6 cm in diameter. It is wedge-shaped and consists of 4-8 petals, including apomixis seeds. There are some protruding ridges in the inner layer of exocarp, which are the traces of stigma and arranged in a wheel shape, which is consistent with the number of petals in aril.
Seed folding
Mangosteen seeds are about 1 cm long and flat, belonging to stubborn seeds. Keep them moist before germination. The embryo of its seed is nucellar embryo and does not need fertilization. Mangosteen seeds can germinate as soon as they leave the fruit, but they will die quickly under dry conditions. There are many kinds of seeds in a mangosteen, and only one can germinate.
Edible method
Selection and purchase
When choosing the color of mangosteen, you must choose fresh mangosteen with green stems and soft fruit, otherwise you will buy "dead bamboo". You can gently press the case with your fingers. If the skin is hard and dry, you can't dent it with your fingers. The color of the fruit stalk is dim, indicating that mangosteen is too old to eat. The soft case means that it is still fresh and edible. You can also look at the stalks under the fruit. If there are several petals, it means that the fruit has several petals. Generally, a mangosteen has only one big seed, so be careful when eating.
Applicable people
Most people can eat it. It is more suitable for people who are weak and sick. Although most people can eat mangosteen, it is enough to eat three a day. Because of the high sugar content, obese people should eat less, and diabetics should avoid eating. It also contains high potassium, so patients with kidney disease and heart disease should eat less.
Eat sth raw
The peel of mangosteen fruit is thick and hard. You can cut it with a knife, or you can pinch it out by hand and break it. After peeling off the peel, purple juice will flow out, and the mangosteen peeled off will reveal its white, tender and attractive pulp. Do you know how to eat mangosteen at this time? The pulp is white, sweet and sour, refreshing and juicy, and it is a fruit suitable for all ages. Mangosteen is a good fruit with rich nutrition and sweet taste.
fruit peel
First, pull out the fruit. Then press it hard with your hand, and the shell will break open automatically, so that the pulp will break out of the shell.
Use peeling tools, such as fruit knives. First, we use a knife to make a few small holes along the grain outside the shell, and then knock the shell open. So you can taste the meat. To master the strength of the knife, if the pulp is polluted by the peel juice, it will affect the taste of the pulp to some extent.
If you are a friend who can't grasp the knife work well, you can cut it in half directly with a knife, and then dig the pulp directly with a small spoon.
Cut mangosteen into 5 cm diameter with a knife, and then put it in the freezer 1-2 hours. Very refreshing after dinner.
Attention of pregnant women
Pregnant women with normal constitution can eat mangosteen. Mangosteen contains folic acid, fat, protein powder and other substances beneficial to pregnant women. It should be said that it is very safe and healthy to absorb nutrition from fruits. Eating mangosteen for pregnant women can nourish the body.
Mangosteen is rich in vitamins and minerals. The pulp is white and tender, slightly sour when eaten in the mouth, which can supplement various nutrients needed by pregnant women.
Mangosteen is cold and has excellent effect of reducing pyrolysis and dryness, which is the most compatible fruit with durian, the king of fruit. After eating a nourishing durian, eating a few mangosteen can clear away heat, which is beneficial to the body and will not get angry.
However, pregnant mothers should pay attention to: Mangosteen has a high sugar content, and patients with gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes are not suitable for eating; Mangosteen is high in potassium, and pregnant mothers with kidney disease and heart disease should eat less; Mangosteen is cold, and those with deficiency and cold constitution eat less; In addition, mangosteen is rich in cellulose, and excessive consumption will cause constipation, which can not be ignored by pregnant mothers. Eat soybean milk, beer, Chinese cabbage, mustard and bitter gourd together. If pregnant mothers are worried that the coolness of mangosteen is harmful to their health, they can cook or cook by themselves, and fruits can also be eaten.
Be careful when eating.
The general way to eat is to crush and break the shell. You must be very careful when peeling eggshells. Be careful not to dye purple or red shell juice on the meat flap, because it will affect the taste, and it will be extremely difficult to elute when it touches clothes.
Edible taboo
Compared with durian, mangosteen is cold, and has the effects of relieving fever, dissolving fat, moistening skin and reducing fire. If the skin is sore and young people have acne, you can eat mangosteen raw or use mangosteen to make soup. After eating durian, eating mangosteen has the effect of clearing heat. Mangosteen is rich in cellulose, which absorbs water and expands in the stomach. Excessive consumption can cause constipation. If you accidentally eat too much, you can cook ginger tea with brown sugar to solve it. In addition, because mangosteen is the coldest fruit. Therefore, people with deficiency and cold constitution should eat less, but not more, not to eat with watermelon cold food.