Knowledge about adolescence
Adolescence refers to the stage when an individual's sexual function changes from immaturity to maturity. In biology, it refers to the transition period from immaturity to maturity, that is, the transition period from children to adults for men.
During this period, my personality is mature and I can have children. It can be seen that adolescence is mainly a stage of physiological maturity, which overlaps with the stages of life divided from psychological or social aspects.
In the stage of human growth and development, adolescence accounts for half or even more time. At present, there is no consistent age range in various countries, which generally refers to 13, 14-17 and 18 stages. Psychologically, it is also called pre-adolescence, which is equivalent to the middle school stage in pedagogy and is characterized by rapid physical growth.
In addition to adolescence, adolescence will last until the age of 25-30. Because the sexual maturity of men is about one year later than that of women, it can be determined that the puberty age range of men is 14- 18 years old.
1~2 years too early or too late is normal. Men of this age are usually called boys, while women of the same age are called girls.
In adolescence, there are not only obvious physiological changes, but also great psychological changes. Physical growth with sexual maturity as the main content has a great influence on the psychological and social aspects of teenagers, forming several important characteristics of this period: adolescence is a transitional period, and adolescence is a period for individuals to transition from children to adults.
Usually, people clearly distinguish between adolescence and childhood, and the dividing line is sexual maturity. For men, the sign of sexual maturity is * * * (usually * * * when sleeping at night, that is, nocturnal emission, but there are also * * * *); Women have menarche, that is, the first menstruation.
The physiological development centered on sexual maturity makes teenagers have obviously different social and psychological characteristics from children. Individuals depend on adults in childhood, and adults constrain and decide the main contents and aspects of children's lives and activities; Children are not responsible for their actions.
With the increase of age and the complexity of life scope and activities, teenagers have different characteristics from children. They gradually have a certain intention and sense of responsibility, and decide how to carry out certain activities by themselves.
You should bear certain criminal responsibility for your actions, especially some criminal acts. But teenagers are also different from adults.
Although they have some independence, they are not completely independent; In many ways, especially in material life, we have to rely on our parents; They have not yet become fully responsible persons and are not criminally responsible for all their actions. It can be seen that this transitional state between children and adults makes teenagers become marginalized people in sociology. The uncertainty of their identity and the uncertainty of social demands on them have caused many special mental health problems.
Adolescence is a period of development. Adolescence is the period when human development is completed. Research shows that there are two stages in a person's life: the rapid growth of the body and the significant changes in the proportion of various parts of the body. One is in the prenatal period and the first half year after birth, and the other is adolescence.
The rapid growth and development of adolescence is called the phenomenon of rapid growth of adolescence. In fact, this phenomenon begins before or at the same time as sexual maturity and ends six months to one year after sexual maturity.
The rapid growth of men began at the age of 10.5- 14.5, peaked at the age of 14.5- 15.5, and then gradually slowed down. By the age of 18, the height has reached a fully developed level, and the weight, muscle strength, shoulder width and pelvic width have also increased. For example, while women are experiencing external changes such as menstruation and secondary sexual characteristics, the reproductive organs gradually mature, the vulva begins to appear, and the endocrine of * * * begins to increase, the uterus becomes larger, and the follicles in the ovarian cortex begin to develop at different stages.
Everything shows that the transition to sexual maturity has begun. Due to the physical and sexual development, it has a great influence on the psychological characteristics and social life of teenagers, which also produces a series of mental health problems.
Adolescence is a period of change. Adolescence is the most rapid and obvious period of physical and mental changes of teenagers. During this period, men are divorced from the characteristics of children in terms of body, appearance, behavior pattern, self-awareness, communication and emotional characteristics, and outlook on life, and gradually become mature and close to adults. These rapid changes will make teenagers have mental health problems such as confusion, inferiority, anxiety and even bad behavior.
Therefore, adolescence is a predictable and unpredictable period. That is to say, in this period, the development of people from children to adults is predictable, but what will happen or what problems will occur in the development process is unpredictable.
Adolescence is a period of resistance. In the early days, Charlotte Buller, a famous German child psychologist, once called adolescence "a period of passive resistance". This name has been used to this day.
Due to the gradual development and maturity of body and mind, individuals often take a negative and rebellious attitude towards life during this period, denying some good qualities they have developed before. This rebellious tendency will make teenagers resist other requirements and norms of parents, schools and social life, which will lead to some mental health problems that are not conducive to their social adaptation.
Adolescence is a period of heavy burden, and all kinds of obligations and responsibilities are borne by adolescent men. Judging from the problems they have to deal with, adolescence is also a period of heavy burden. Adolescence is a transitional period. Teenagers should gradually undertake some tasks undertaken by adults, and the environment may constantly hand over some things handled by adults to them, which will increase their burden, but these burdens are indispensable for their maturity. If they are not burdened, they will not mature in the future.
Adolescence is a developmental period, which determines that they have to deal with various changes and problems brought about by the maturity of height, weight and muscle strength. Especially when they are sexually mature, their psychological pressure increases relatively fast. Adolescence is a period of change, which determines that they must abandon all kinds of childish ideas and behavior patterns, and gradually establish more mature and more in line with social norms.
What is adolescence?
Adolescence is a period of rapid physical development in one's life.
In medicine, the stage when the secondary sexual characteristics begin to mature and the body stops growing taller is called adolescence. Usually refers to 12- 13 to 17- 18 years old. It is a process of sudden increase in height and weight and sexual development. It is also a turning point in life and a transitional stage to adulthood.
Generally speaking, girls' puberty starts earlier than boys' and ends earlier 1~2 years. Girls are often slightly taller than boys of the same age. /kloc-in 0/4 years, the average height increased by 6? 8 cm, up to 10? 13cm; Weight gain is directly proportional to height growth, with an average annual increase of 5? 6 kg, maximum 10 kg.
When women reach puberty, their reproductive organs begin to mature gradually. Puberty, vulva development is characterized by large * * * fullness, small * * * expansion and extension, covering * * * mouth, and deepening pigmentation.
* * * Length increased. When a girl 10 years old, * * * is only 3 cm long, and after 12 years old, it can grow to 7 cm long.
The mucous membrane of * * * is also mature, and the alkaline secretion in * * * becomes acidic liquid under the action of * * * Bacillus, which has strong bactericidal power and enhanced the resistance to bacterial invasion, becoming the guardian of female vulva. The uterus is enlarged, the muscles are thickened, and the whole uterine body is twice as big as before puberty.
During adolescence, the ovary changes the most. It not only grows in size, but also matures and begins to ovulate, and at the same time periodically secretes estrogen. At this time, the girl began to menstruate.
After puberty, secondary sexual characteristics appear, with plump bulge and deepened areola. The Adam's apple is not prominent in men, the vocal cords are longer and the voice is thinner.
* * * and armpit * * * appear next. At the initial stage of development, it is sparse and soft, with a small growth range, and then it gradually becomes dense, thick and hard, and its scope is expanded. Female * * * gradually expanded from * * * to * * *, and then extended to pubic symphysis, with the most dense distribution of * * * and an inverted triangle distribution on pubic symphysis; The armpit hair exceeds the center of the armpit.
The transverse diameter of pelvis is gradually widened, and the subcutaneous fat of chest, shoulders and buttocks is increased, which makes the chest plump and uplifted, the buttocks round, the waist relatively slender, the figure slim, the limbs soft and plump, and the skin delicate, showing the unique body curve of women.
Adolescent knowledge
1, how to divide the puberty age? A: The World Health Organization (who) classifies adolescence as 10-20 years old.
It is divided into early 10- 14 years old and late 15-20 years old. Growth is fast in early adolescence and slow in late adolescence.
China's chemical classification standard is divided into three stages-pre-stage, mid-stage and post-stage development. Each developmental stage is 2-4 years.
The prophase is a period of sudden growth and development, and the metaphase is a period of obvious development of secondary sexual characteristics. The girl began to menstruate, and the boy had his first nocturnal emission. The later stage is slow growth and development.
In fact, they are all premature now. Some boys 1 1- 12 years old, and girls start to develop at the age of 8-9. 2. What happened to the body of adolescent children? Changes of adolescent girls: The physical appearance of girls changes unconsciously.
The body has grown taller, the weight has obviously increased, the secondary sexual characteristics have appeared, the sexual organs have gradually matured, the subcutaneous fat of women has become plump, the pelvis has also become bigger, the external body has grown taller, the voice has become high and sharp, and menstruation has begun. From the appearance, it looks plump and beautiful. Changes of adolescent boys: the body becomes stronger, the muscles develop, the Adam's apple becomes prominent, the voice becomes thicker, the body hair and * * * become obvious, and nocturnal emission begins to appear.
3. What are the characteristics of adolescence and heterosexuality? The characteristics of communication can be divided into three periods: alienation period, usually in the fifth and sixth grade of primary school, (1-2 years old) in the hazy period of sex, male and female consciousness began to appear, and they were a little shy when they contacted boys and girls, fearing to approach the opposite sex. In the near future, usually in junior high school, senior high school and junior high school (middle adolescence), children of this age group are expected to acquire sexual knowledge, start to pay attention to their appearance, start to pay attention to themselves, and hope that others will pay attention to themselves and leave a good impression on others.
I like studying and activities with the opposite sex. Some students envy celebrities, pursue actors and singers or like their old teachers.
During the love period (high school or university), children, boys and girls in this period have their favorite "ideal model" on the basis of good feelings, and gradually turn their good feelings towards the surrounding groups to the fixed opposite sex, resulting in emotional attachment and developing into a love relationship. 4. Will the built-in tampon break the hymen? Unmarried women can of course use built-in tampons.
Because the hymen is annular tissue, there is a hole in the middle, which can let menstrual blood flow out of the body. But when using the built-in tampon, you must pay attention to the cleanliness of your hands and vulva. Wash your hands carefully before putting the tampon into * * *, and don't touch the catheter and tampon that enters * * * to avoid bringing bacteria into * * *.
The replacement time of tampons depends on menstrual flow. Generally, it should be replaced every 2-4 hours, and it must be taken out within 8 hours, because it takes too long to replace the tampon within * * *, which may cause unnecessary trouble and pelvic inflammatory disease. I have pimples and acne on my face. I heard that taking birth control pills can eliminate it. Can I take it away? I can't.
Contraceptive pills generally contain estrogen and progesterone, which can inhibit the secretion of human gonadotropin, not only inhibit ovarian ovulation to play a contraceptive role, but also regulate the level of human hormones, which is conducive to improving skin health, reducing or even eliminating acne and making skin smoother. It has a certain effect on acne and acne caused by hormone imbalance in the body.
However, the causes of acne and acne are very complicated, so it is necessary to find out the reasons and treat them symptomatically. Long-term use of contraceptives disrupts endocrine; Do gynecological examination before taking birth control pills. If you want to take birth control pills for beauty, please relax and consult a specialist first.
6. What are the disadvantages of dieting for girls in adolescence? After girls enter puberty, their weight increases obviously. In order to be afraid of obesity, it is not advisable to go on a diet blindly, which will lead to anorexia in severe cases. Adolescence is the fastest period of human growth and development. Dieting in adolescence will lead to insufficient calories, insufficient intake of protein, insufficient intake of various vitamins, and lack of various inorganic salts and trace elements.
. Insufficient or improper intake of calcium and phosphorus will affect bone development; Iron deficiency can lead to anemia; Zinc deficiency will delay human growth and gonadal development.
1, how to divide the puberty age? A: The World Health Organization (who) classifies adolescence as 10-20 years old. It is divided into early 10- 14 years old and late 15-20 years old.
Growth is fast in early adolescence and slow in late adolescence. China's chemical classification standard is divided into three stages-pre-stage, mid-stage and post-stage development.
Each developmental stage is 2-4 years. The prophase is a period of sudden growth and development, and the metaphase is a period of obvious development of secondary sexual characteristics. The girl began to menstruate, and the boy had his first nocturnal emission.
The later stage is slow growth and development. In fact, they are all premature now. Some boys 1 1- 12 years old, and girls start to develop at the age of 8-9.
2. What happened to the body of adolescent children? .
Youth knowledge
1, people's rapid growth, voice change, Adam's apple, * * * long hair development and so on are all manifestations of adolescence.
The development of the brain is mainly reflected in the maturity of thought and the comprehensiveness of thinking!
Protrusive features such as voice change, Adam's apple, and * * * becoming longer and bigger.
Before development, the reproductive organs will harden from time to time, and at the same time, relatively speaking, * * * will show a little!
2. The secondary feature is the process of human re-growth.
Boy: Mainly in the body. Girl: Mainly in thought.
3. Psychological change: from naivety to thinking and then to maturity.
I hope I can help you. I wish you happiness every day, progress in your study, and come on ~O(∩_∩)O~
Essential knowledge of adolescent girls.
Female puberty is generally around 1 1 year-old-18 years old, which is the transition period from children to adults. Adolescence is a period of rapid physical and mental development and maturity, and it is also a crucial period to determine a person's personality, physique and intelligence level throughout his life.
13- 14 years old is a "flower season and rainy season", a sensitive and eventful season, and also a beautiful and romantic season. We grow up unconsciously and pay attention to our own changes in mystery and confusion.
Suddenly found himself less childish and more mature; Without the joy of childhood, I added a lot of troubles; Less blindness and more thinking ... teenage girls have a lot of happiness and a lot of troubles. I hope everyone can understand themselves, increase happiness, reduce troubles and spend the flower season smoothly.
1. Physiological characteristics: 1, menarche, which is one of the important signs for girls to enter puberty. What is menstruation? Menstruation refers to the periodic shedding of female endometrium under the influence of endocrine, and it is discharged from * * * once a month, which is called menstruation.
The interval between two menstrual periods on the first day is called menstrual cycle, which is generally 28-30 days. It is still within the normal range to advance or postpone for 7 days. If it is shorter than 2 1 day or higher than 40 days, it is best to go to the hospital for examination. Some girls have two kinds of troubles after menstrual cramps, one is premenstrual tension, and the other is dysmenorrhea.
Women begin to have emotional abnormalities about a week before menstruation, such as nervousness, irritability, insomnia and headache. Some facial edema is mainly caused by abnormal proportion of estrogen and progesterone in the body and excessive water storage in the body.
These manifestations are normal reflections of physical physiology. No need to be nervous, no need to be treated, and it will not affect your study. As long as we avoid mental stress, divert our attention and eat less salt, we can alleviate the symptoms. But, students, don't use this as a shield.
I think you can do whatever you want and lose your temper at will, because others have no idea when your old friend will come. Dysmenorrhea is also encountered by most girls. If it is not serious, there is no need for treatment. You can use a hot towel to hot compress your abdomen, take a hot bath, and don't eat cold and spicy food.
Of course, if dysmenorrhea appears cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, it is necessary to go to the hospital. During menstruation, because the endometrium falls off, blood vessels rupture, forming wounds, the cervix is slightly open, which is easy to be infected with bacteria and the human body's resistance is reduced. Therefore, special attention should be paid to personal hygiene during menstruation.
(1) Pay attention to the selection of sanitary napkins with reliable quality, safety and hygiene. The quality of famous brands is guaranteed. Don't use cheap and unknown brands.
It is reported in the news that some unscrupulous traders use "black heart cotton" to make sanitary napkins, which is unsanitary and even harmful to health. (2) Take a hot bath frequently.
Don't take a cold bath, but take a hot bath to keep your body clean and tidy. Take a bath. Take a bath.
Be careful not to use other people's clothes and towels, and wash and dry your own tableware frequently. (3) keep warm.
Menstrual resistance drops, pay attention to keep warm. Avoid wading, getting wet in the rain, swimming, washing your hair and feet in paddy fields or cold water, and don't sit on a mat or in a cold place. Avoid eating too many cold drinks in summer.
(4) Eat more chicken soup, pork liver, eggs, fruits, vegetables and red dates. , and supplement all kinds of vitamins and protein in the body, enhance physical fitness, improve resistance. Do not eat spicy and cold food, but eat more fiber foods, such as sweet potatoes, bamboo shoots and bananas. Keep the stool unobstructed. 2. After puberty, the hypothalamus and pituitary gland develop rapidly and secrete gonadotropins. Under the action of hormones, women's ovaries begin to mature and ovulate periodically once a month.
The ovaries are inserted on both sides of the lower abdomen. Eggs can be alternately discharged from both sides or continuously discharged from one ovary.
If the discharged egg meets * * *, it becomes a fertilized egg, and a life begins to grow. If two eggs are discharged from both ovaries at the same time and meet with * * * *, two fertilized eggs will be formed and two twins with different looks will be produced. If the fertilized egg is split in two, it will produce two identical twins.
Therefore, adolescent girls should learn to protect themselves, behave dignified, love themselves, respect themselves, avoid puppy love and keep themselves pure. 3, about 60% of acne teenagers will have acne.
Where there is youth, there is acne. Acne does not affect health, but a phenomenon that appears in a person's development.
Don't mind if it's not much. When acne occurs, do not scratch, squeeze or pinch the affected area.
In order to avoid bacterial invasion and cause inflammation. Do it: (1) Eat more light food, pay attention to eat more foods rich in cellulose, and keep the stool unobstructed.
Do not eat garlic, onions, spicy food, coffee and other sexual foods. (2) Ensure adequate sleep (sleep is the best way of beauty) and keep an optimistic mood.
(3) Always keep your skin clean. Wash with warm water, and don't wipe your face with cream and oily cosmetics, so as not to clog pores and aggravate symptoms.
4, dieting to lose weight Some girls go on a diet for a "slim" figure. If you don't eat breakfast, chicken, fish, eggs, etc. For a long time, the brain lacks normal material supplement, which leads to decreased IQ, anemia and stomachache.
Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the living system reasonably and eat nutritious food. Eating breakfast, lunch and dinner without overeating, taking part in enough physical activities and using your brain often are the effective ways to lose weight.
Second, psychological characteristics Adolescent boys and girls will also cause some psychological changes because of physiological changes. (1) Changes brought about by adolescence: * Pay attention to dressing up, pay attention to who is watching you * Like watching movies and novels about love * Like watching senior boys play ball * Like chatting with strangers online * Like sending short messages to friends of the opposite sex * Have endless phone calls * Like giving gifts to people on special days * Like locking drawers and diaries-Physiology of physical changes-Pay attention to opposite sex behavior-Make up and pay attention. There are many "confusions" in youth, such as: * "Recently, I feel very upset and feel that life is boring.
Why do my parents keep telling me to be careful when crossing the street like children? I'm getting tired of my parents' nagging. They don't understand us. I don't know why, but I always like to dress up now, hoping to attract others' attention.
My mother said I didn't learn well. I was very angry. Is it wrong to love beauty? I am happy sometimes, yes.