① People are the object of nursing service, and the understanding of people is the core and foundation of nursing theory and practice. People are a whole and an open system. People have different levels of basic needs at different stages of development. People have the ability to take care of themselves and are responsible for their health.
② Environment includes internal environment and external environment. Internal environment refers to human physiology, thinking, thinking, psychology and society. The external environment includes natural environment and social and cultural environment. People's internal environment and external environment are constantly exchanging and interacting with material and energy, and the environment is dynamic and constantly changing.
③ Health 1947 The definition of the World Health Organization (WHO) is that health is not just the absence of diseases or defects, but a state of good physical, mental and social adaptation. Health is a dynamic and continuous process; Health is a whole concept; Personal health concept is influenced by many factors.
④ The development of nursing has gone through three stages: disease-centered, patient-centered and health-centered. Nursing is a process of providing services for human health, and nursing activities are a combination of science, art and humanitarianism. Nursing is a purposeful, organized and creative activity, and nursing procedure is the basic working method of nursing.