Nursery institutions are important places to undertake infant care services. At present, the types of nursery services in China are diversified, including not only common institutional nurseries and kindergarten nurseries, but also a new nursery model-family nurseries. These service models have their own advantages, but compared with other types, family-style child care services have once become "uncertainty" in the child care service industry because of their small scale, vague supervision and difficulty in filing.
The teacher in the nursery center took the baby for a walk.
Then, what are the practical and effective promotion effects of a series of support policies on the development of family-based aged care services? In practice, how can the relevant state departments further formulate policies to resolve the obstruction? Recently, the all-media reporter of China Women's Daily interviewed the operators and related experts of family-style nurseries, contributing wisdom to the development of family-style nursery services.
From "Doubt" to "Firmness"
The Mommy Assistant Nursery Center founded by Hao Yonggang belongs to the family care center. At present, there are seven in Beijing * * *, which are community-based and provide professional baby care and education services for families of infants aged 0-3.
Generally speaking, family-style child care is a new model that individuals, families or institutions provide care services for infants and young children in the form of fees. This model has become an important part of the early care system in many countries because of its advantages of being embedded in the community, convenient nearby and low input cost, but it is still in the exploration stage of "crossing the river by feeling the stones" in China.
At present, it is an important stage task to build a diversified child care service system, and it is also one of the institutional goals of developing infant care in China.
Nursery staff play games with children.
Over the years, Hao Yonggang has experienced the process from testing water to getting better, but the process is not smooth sailing. The venue is hard to find, the community is not allowed, and the fire certification is difficult to get ... A series of problems once made him doubt that it might be wrong to choose a family-style nursery.
Today, his parenting center has not only blossomed all over the country, but also become the "National Key Recommended Integrity Brand Unit" of China Integrity Brand Miles Activity Organizing Committee, and was listed in the 20021annual recommendation list of early education industry by the Maternal and Child Business Research Institute, which was recognized by parents. He bluntly said that this is inseparable from the support of a series of national support policies.
For a long time, the high threshold and high investment in the child care service industry have been recognized in the industry, especially in family-style child care. The venue, cost and supervision are all huge obstacles to entering the industry. For Hao Yonggang, the pragmatism of the policy is reflected in solving these problems.
20 19- 10 The National Health and Wellness Committee formulated the Standards for the Establishment of Child Care Institutions (for Trial Implementation) and the Regulations on the Management of Child Care Institutions (for Trial Implementation), which came into effect, giving child care institutions rules to follow. At the end of 2020, the Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Aged Care Service issued by the General Office of the State Council proposed to establish a registration system for family care centers, study and introduce management measures for family care centers, and effectively promote the development of socialized family care services ... These are like timely rain for Hao Yonggang.
Especially in April this year, the Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission issued the Notice on Defining the Filing of Fire-fighting Materials in Kindergartens, which made it clear that there was no need to provide fire-fighting materials for the filing of kindergartens, and the fire-fighting design of construction projects was reviewed and accepted or spot-checked for filing, and daily fire-fighting supervision and inspection was carried out for social units. This has solved the "neck-stuck" problem of family nursing practitioners, and also made many people shout: Spring has come in the era of family nursing.
"The pragmatic style of the state and the government in formulating policies has made me full of confidence in the development of the nursery industry and strengthened my determination to provide family-style nursery services." Hao Yonggang said.
More than 60% white-collar parents approve of family parenting.
Liu Zhongyi, a researcher at China Population and Development Research Center, once pointed out in the article "International Experience and Enlightenment of Family Parenting" that family parenting conforms to the expectations of most families in China for ideal parenting methods. He introduced that through a random sampling survey of ideal parenting styles, it was found that more than 60% of young white-collar parents expressed their affirmation and expectation of family parenting styles.
Ms. Luo, 43, lives in Wudaokou Community, Haidian District, Beijing. She often works overtime and travels in the securities industry. She gave birth to her son Dongdong at the age of 40. After the maternity leave, because both parents were too old to take care of the baby independently, and both parents who were employed also left for personal reasons in a short time, Ms. Luo had to start thinking about sending her one-year-old and two-month-old winter to the nursery.
After careful investigation and comparison, Ms. Luo finally chose a family-style nursery in a closed community.
Ms. Luo told reporters that the main reason for choosing a family-style nursery was that it was close to home and convenient for field trips. According to the regulations of the garden, the per capita area of children is about 8 square meters, and each store has a full ceiling. On the premise of ensuring the number of children entering the park every month, children who receive temporary cards according to the number of places not only ensure the children's activity space, but also avoid cross-infection of respiratory tract caused by too many people.
Children are having a professional experience.
What are the advantages of family care compared with other care institutions?
In addition to low operating costs and relatively cheap fees, Zhou, a professor at the Department of Preschool Education of the Education Department of East China Normal University, believes that family-style nursery services are necessary. First of all, the best living environment for infants aged 0-3 is at home, and foster care is carried out in family nurseries. Infants and young children have no strong sense of alienation, which is conducive to the establishment of parent-child attachment. Secondly, the park is located in a residential building, so the neighborhood relationship is closer and it is easy to build trust, and trust is the key factor for parents to choose a family nursery.
These advantages also make family parenting known as a new way out for the parenting industry.
Defining the development direction of family parenting still needs policy escort.
Parents' affirmation and expectation, as well as the high-quality realization of "early childhood education", make it more urgent to define the official orientation of family care.
On the positive side, the country's attitude towards promoting family parenting is becoming more and more clear.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" clearly points out that building a diversified child care service system is an important stage task in China, and it is also one of the institutional goals of developing infant care. In March this year, the Notice of the Healthy China Action Promotion Committee on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for the Trial Evaluation of the Healthy China Action 20 19-2020 clearly stated that the Measures for the Administration of Family Nurseries should be studied and drafted, and the system norms such as registration management, personnel qualifications, service standards, supervision and management should be clarified. In June this year, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the National Health and Wellness Commission jointly formulated the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" to actively respond to the aging of the population and the construction of child care facilities, which also proposed to explore new modes and new formats of child care services such as family nursery points.
Next, practitioners and industry experts are naturally very concerned about how to formulate and ensure the effective implementation of policies related to family-based parenting services.
Teachers in the nursery center play games with their children.
Yu Qian, an associate professor in the Department of Preschool Education of East China Normal University, believes that this new home-based care model can complement and balance other types of care institutions. However, based on the current national conditions, at least three problems must be solved to promote the healthy development of home-based care for the aged.
First, family nurseries lack environmental safety standards. Yu Qian believes that there may be hidden dangers of environmental safety in the family, which requires the government to put forward detailed and powerful requirements for the environmental safety of family-style nurseries.
Second, health care requirements are difficult to meet. Compared with large nurseries and kindergartens, there are full-time health care doctors and chefs, and health quarantine can be supervised by community hospitals or local health departments. Family nurseries and kindergartens are more difficult to supervise because of their small scale.
Third, personnel qualifications are difficult to control. "If the family-style nursery fails to meet the standard requirements of talent training and governance in nursery institutions, it will be difficult to continue to promote it." Yu Qian pointed out.
The triple problems listed by Qian Yu are exactly what family-style nursery practitioners are facing.
Hao Yonggang is eager to introduce the registration and filing system of family nursery points as soon as possible to reduce the entry threshold; Clarify the qualification evaluation of employees and set up a blacklist of childcare personnel; Break down policy barriers, optimize the operating environment of kindergartens, and implement the policies issued by the state to support kindergartens to develop various types of housing.
In Yu Qian's view, at present, the certification of family-style child care is difficult to achieve. She suggested that pilot projects could be carried out in some areas first, so as to clarify environmental safety, health care, teachers' qualifications, and determine the responsibilities of supervising people. At the same time, parents should be popularized with common sense of child protection, and quality should be put first in a multi-pronged manner, so that parents can truly feel at ease and recognize it.
As Ms. Luo said: "Choosing a child care institution depends not on how well the advertisement is done, but on the word-of-mouth of the parents of the children who have actually attended the child care class."
Source/China Women's Daily (ID: FNB 1984 10)