Summary of mental health education in kindergartens 1
With the development of the times, people's understanding of the concept of "health" has changed fundamentally, just as the World Health Organization put forward: "Health refers to a sound state of physical, psychological and social adaptation" rather than no symptoms or weakness. For growing children, physical development and psychological development are two important aspects of growth and development. However, in real life, parents are far less concerned about their children's mental health than about their children's height, thinness, good diet and living environment. Living under the umbrella of family, children's social adaptability can not be properly exercised, and some children have developed some bad behaviors. Rainbow Xu Hui of our class, when he first came to kindergarten, didn't like to communicate with children and teachers. He didn't learn knowledge from the teacher. After class, he found a corner to play by himself. After my observation, he said a strange sentence when he was playing by himself: "You are a braggart, you are a big fat bird and can't fly." Keep listening, and find that all he said is the dialogue in the cartoon. When you ask him the story again, he will stop communicating. When children argue with him for toys, he will scream like a monster in an animated cartoon.
Because of the above phenomenon, I went to ask my parents. I learned that his father works in a factory, and his mother planted a greenhouse herself, but she was too busy. Since childhood, only grandma has taken care of them, and children like watching cartoons. As long as they watch cartoons, they don't make any noise. As long as she meets the market, she buys cartoons. Grandma is busy with other housework and has little time to sit down and communicate with her children. This is when I was in kindergarten. I told her about children. I hope you can spend more time with your children, tell them a story about a good habit before going to bed every night, reduce their time watching TV, buy some books about art, go out and socialize with them more, and don't keep them at home all day. After a short training, I believe he will like to associate with friends.
Summary of mental health education in kindergartens II
Enriching rich life content, happy emotional experience and giving children warm caress will make children lively, cheerful and optimistic. On the contrary, monotonous living atmosphere, rigid educational model and indifferent environmental atmosphere will make it difficult for children's personality to develop healthily. Therefore, educators should observe and analyze more, treat children with problem behaviors, actively carry out psychological compensatory education on them, and try to adopt environmental and behavioral correction methods to make them grow up healthily.
Promoting children's health is determined by the unique value of children's health. John,/kloc-a great British philosopher and enlightenment thinker in the 0/7th century. Locke believes: "Happiness in life has a short and complete description: a sound mind resides in a sound body. People with sound body and mind don't have to expect anything else; If one aspect of the body or mind is not perfect, it is futile to get all kinds of other things. " Mental health education must start with dolls, which is the knowledge of educators. Due to the influence of traditional educational concepts and culture, children's mental health education is relatively weak. The future society requires everyone to have the spirit of facing reality, being fearless and pioneering, the consciousness and responsibility of caring for others, family, society and nature, the ability of cooperation, communication and innovation, and the personality quality of independence, self-confidence and self-improvement. So, how to attach importance to and strengthen children's healthy psychological education?
First of all, no matter whether a child is big or small, he is a real person, which means that educators should respect the child's personality, treat the child equally, protect the child's self-esteem, and sincerely and positively evaluate the child with appreciative eyes and encouraging words. Children are very sensitive to the teacher's attention. The teacher's words, actions, expressions and eyes will all have a suggestive effect on children, which may be positive or negative. Therefore, teachers should create more opportunities, inspire and guide children to participate in discussions, let children think and judge for themselves, and gradually form self-evaluation ability. Teachers should also actively participate in children's discussions and exchanges, establish a democratic and equal partnership, evaluate children objectively and fairly, and give priority to positive incentives. In the process of education, it is necessary for teachers to evaluate children, but the evaluation should be objective and fair, with positive encouragement as the main factor, and try to avoid negative and condemning evaluation, so as not to cause pressure on children, make them have bad emotions and lead to bad psychology.
Secondly, within an appropriate scope, encourage children to undertake certain tasks, so that children have the right to make decisions and choices and complete them independently. In daily life, children often behave naughty, naughty, willful and disobey collective rules. Some children are regarded as "ADHD children" and "special children". Of course, children's abilities are always strong and weak. Children with strong ability feel that they can do anything, even look down on others, while children with weak ability always feel that they can do nothing, speak timidly, do things timidly and lack self-confidence. Then, we should design some special activities to provide children with opportunities to complete tasks independently, such as "I will" and "I can", so that children with weak abilities can discover their own strengths, encourage them to boldly show their skills, let them fully experience the happiness of success, let children with strong abilities understand the advantages of their partners, and let each child form good self-confidence and correct self-awareness.
Finally, educators should treat life with a positive and optimistic attitude and care for every growing child. The first is the edification of the family. As the saying goes, parents are the first teachers in life. That is, to be a teacher, you must set an example. Parents have a profound influence on their children in dealing with family members and interpersonal relationships. wayward entanglement and frequent quarrels and abuse will make children have unreasonable life confusion; Messy furnishings and lazy pace of life will have a negative impact on children who are not enterprising; Too much criticism and authoritarian paternalism will make children have a bad mentality of anxiety and fear. The careful care of parents, correct inspiration and guidance, and timely encouragement and praise have a subtle influence on the cultivation of children's self-care ability and independent problem-solving ability. Secondly, they are positive and optimistic, have a wide range of interests, dare to try, and are willing to communicate with others. In the process of communicating with children, they can always have a good influence on children with positive and optimistic emotions. Teachers' personal feelings, will, personality characteristics, ways of communication with children and methods of educating children will have a subtle influence on the formation of children's personality. Abundant and rich life content, happy emotional experience and warm care for children will make children lively, cheerful and optimistic. On the contrary, monotonous living atmosphere, rigid educational model and indifferent environmental atmosphere will make it difficult for children's personality to develop healthily. Therefore, educators should observe and analyze more, treat children with problem behaviors, actively carry out psychological compensatory education on them, and try to adopt environmental and behavioral correction methods to make them grow up healthily.
Summary of mental health education in kindergartens 3
Mental health is a big concept, and children's mental health has been paid more and more attention, and children's mental diseases are also increasing, but we can't judge every special child as having mental diseases.
In today's society, more and more adults are in a sub-health state, and children's psychological status will also have this sub-health. Seeing those unsociable and quiet children, I always feel that I must pay attention to their mental health from the age of zero. When children are babies, the most important thing they consider is survival. Parents can give their children a good sense of security as long as they give them careful care. However, as they grow older, they consider not only simple survival problems, but also psychological worries. Children around us rarely have congenital genetic problems, so their psychological development is more the result of acquired training. Many children's personalities are similar to those of their parents, because they are influenced by educators in the process of shaping their personalities. The article puts it well, "from mental health to mental illness, it is from quantitative change to qualitative change."
Many psychological problems are slowly accumulated from the beginning when they can't relieve themselves to the end. When they are discovered, they are actually sick, just like a rope knotted from the beginning. If you don't untie it in time, there will be more and more knots and eventually become an untied rope. Therefore, parents should pay attention to the abnormal situation at all stages of the child's upbringing. Especially in the process of children's growth and development, there are two periods that are particularly important. One is adolescence, which everyone is generally concerned about, and the other is the period when the middle class is promoted to a large class at the age of 5 or 6. In these two stages, children have undergone great changes in physical appearance. Psychologically, they are generally rebellious and difficult to manage. Kindergarten teachers and parents should pay special attention to this stage and their psychological changes.
Many parents feel very headache about their children's rebellion because they don't know what their children are thinking. Actually, talking is a good way. Nowadays, many parents don't pay attention to in-depth conversation with their children, which gradually leads to an embarrassing situation of not understanding each other. Maybe parents are willing to spare half an hour to chat with their children every day, so that the distance between them and their children will become shorter and shorter.
Summary of mental health education in kindergartens 4
The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education points out: "Imitation is an important way of children's social learning, and the words and deeds of teachers and parents directly or indirectly affect children and form their learning mode. Therefore, adults should pay attention to their words and deeds and provide a good example for young children. " At present, although many people attach importance to children's mental health education and think that good psychology is the key to people's success, it is ignored in practical work and there are false educational elements. As a result, it still emphasizes the imparting of knowledge and skills, ignores the development of children's mental health, lacks the sensitivity of education, and cannot consciously create a suitable educational environment for the formation of children's good psychology and give timely guidance. Some teachers' behaviors are even more puzzling.
Example 1. A kindergarten teacher blocked a four-year-old child's mouth with tape because he liked to talk in class. Although this situation is a rare exception, it is common in kindergartens that children are not allowed to speak freely.
Example 2: A child over three years old was punished by the kindergarten teacher for being active. The teacher not only severely reprimanded him, but also forbade other children to play with him. As a result, children have become "bad children" in everyone's eyes.
Example 3: On holidays, children observe the gifts received by teachers, and also observe that different gifts are treated differently. They really feel the intimacy between teachers and students, the preference of teachers and the inequality in reality.
Example 4: Parents of a small class in a kindergarten reported to the class teacher that their children didn't have lunch, and the teacher was unhappy after listening. Then later, when eating, I deliberately gave the child more than his appetite, so that he could finish eating. As a result, the child was wronged.
In kindergarten, it is not difficult to see the teacher's wrong behavior such as class placement, so it also hurts the children's psychology to varying degrees, so all kinds of bad psychology gradually form, and more and more so-called "bad children".
The psychology and emotion in early childhood are the purest, the most natural and the most real. Because of this, emotional education in early childhood is the most dangerous. A little carelessness will destroy children's natural emotional expression, hinder their generation of positive personality quality, and is not conducive to their lifelong development. Imagine what would happen if children were restricted the opportunity and right to express themselves freely. Similarly, in the unequal educational environment, it is impossible for children to form positive psychological experience and positive actions. How can a child who has suffered a serious blow to his self-esteem since childhood take the initiative to respect others? The child is so naive that when he is hurt, he doesn't realize the reason why he is angry with him. Children's emotional recognition ability is poor, it is difficult to understand and recognize teachers' psychological needs, and it is easy to misunderstand teachers' psychological reactions. For example, one day a combative boy and his children were fighting for toys. The teacher took a slow look at him and said, You are a good boy! How come? Stop fighting when you see me? Keep fighting and show the class your real kung fu. The boy changed from nervous to relaxed, thinking that the teacher really appreciated him, so he extended his hand again. The teacher grabbed his hand and pulled him to his feet as punishment. He looked at the teacher's angry face in confusion. He doesn't understand why the teacher did it! Children are limited by speech development, so it is difficult to express their feelings, which leads to the extreme expression. So they take bad behaviors such as losing their temper, yelling and attacking other children, which forms people's habit of "bad children" and seriously affects their physical and mental health development.
Teachers are important influencers of children's development, and their behaviors have a prominent and important influence on children's emotional development. Therefore, how to avoid the formation of so-called "bad children" and explore the guidance and infiltration of teachers' behavior to children's psychological development is the need for children's physical and mental health development and the urgent requirement for teachers to improve the quality of education. The biggest difference between preschool education and primary and secondary education lies in its comprehensiveness. Therefore, children's mental health education is not permeated in all disciplines as in other periods, but in all aspects of daily life and all activities. Then, how does the teacher's behavior penetrate into the formation of children's good psychology?
(A) example
Teachers are the important objects of children's attachment, imitation and observation, so teachers' words and deeds affect them. Teachers should not abuse the title of "bad boy". As we all know, what is called "good" will gradually get better, and what is called "bad" will really get worse. Therefore, in the process of education, teachers should avoid giving children "punishment" and avoiding conclusive words. Teachers should take their children in emotional contagion, for example, in outdoor activities with children, teachers accidentally fall down and their knees bleed. She said to herself, "Never mind, it will stop bleeding soon." After hearing and seeing the teacher's words and behaviors, children will follow the teacher's example and become bold to avoid their fear and confusion. On the contrary, if teachers often have negative psychological reactions themselves, they will also have a negative impact on children. For example, some teachers are particularly afraid of bugs and appear timid, which will "infect" children and make them timid. For another example, in the theme activity "Autumn is coming, the weather is getting cold", the children said sadly, "Little leaves are floating, and they can't find their home". Another child said, "Little leaves are crying." The teacher said, "Then let's build them a new home." The teacher chose a sunny place in the classroom, built a house with cardboard boxes, and made a big tree next to it, so that the children could put the leaves back to the tree's mother. Teachers' sympathy and help for the weak deeply infect children and form their good psychology of caring for and helping the weak.
(b) Infiltration of skilled educational skills
Children's psychology is easily stimulated, and their sensitivity to adult emotional expression sometimes exceeds our expectations. Someone has done the test. If you want something from a child, you can say it with a gesture of tilting your head and a friendly expression, and 80% of the children will give it to you. So:
1. Teachers' language and expressions play an extremely important role in the formation of children's good psychology.
Teachers' different verbal expressions and different types of questions will make children have different psychological reactions. For example, children get scared when they just learn to swim. If the teacher just says don't be afraid, the effect may not be great. If they say "I am a brave child" in self-suggestion language, "the swimming pool is a place that makes me happy." For another example, the teacher should first tolerate the two children who are talkative and active in class mentioned at the beginning of the article, because "talkative" and "active" are the manifestations of children's age characteristics. If the teacher changed his way and said with a kind expression, "Look-what are children like in class?" And tell them to learn to listen to others and some basic learning routines, the effect will be completely different. Encouraging and actively inducing language can arouse children's positive and eager initiative. On the contrary, negative language that often criticizes, accuses and satirizes will cause children's rebellious psychology and negative emotions and increase the difficulty of mental health education.
2. Teachers should love the environment and be good at exploring mental health education resources. This resource is the colorful daily life of children and everything that happens around them. We can't underestimate the trivia around children. It is in these trivial things that they are influenced, experienced and formed habits. For example, children attending the flag-raising ceremony, celebrating the birthday of the motherland, visiting the nearby natural environment or places of interest, celebrating the birthday of children born in the same month in the garden, expressing condolences to grandparents in nursing homes, talking about my good mother and father, playing games every day, etc., can naturally receive patriotic education, which can germinate and deepen children's love for others and become an opportunity for good psychological formation. Rodin, a great artist, said, "There is no shortage of beauty in the world, but the discovery of beauty." Early mental health education is not short of content, the key lies in whether we consciously seek and infiltrate in the rich life of young children. For another example, under the guidance of a teacher, a mother handled a dispute between children well: an aggressive child scratched a child's face, so the mother took her son to the store to buy some snacks that the child liked, and the son personally handed them to the arrested child to apologize to him. After that, the two children never had anything similar and became good friends. Although this is a trivial matter, due to proper handling, it will not only help children to form good behavior habits, but also give them a mental health education in time. It is natural for children to make the transition from quarreling to becoming good friends. The key to the success of this matter is to let children participate in the whole process of buying, selecting, giving away and apologizing, and to stimulate their psychological experience by participating in the operation process. This aggressive child has experienced it once.
(3) full of teacher love.
Early childhood education is a cause of love. Children are psychologically fragile and sensitive and need the selfless love of teachers, especially those who are timid, helpless, timid or lose confidence. Because they have different psychology in different environments, they need the nourishment of teachers' love, and they also need to inspire their feelings of loving others through love education, so that children can love their parents, the collective and teachers who are familiar with life from the beginning, and the beautiful people and things around them in the future. Learn to communicate and cooperate with others, and be able to integrate into the big family of society. A teacher's smile and touching action will leave a good impression on their young hearts. Therefore, teachers should turn love into practical actions, for example, teachers insist on touching each child's head every day, squat down and talk to the children, and spread love to the children in the class equally. Give send warm, a poor child: give him toys and clothes, mobilize his parents to help him in pairs, and take him out to play like a mother. Children feel the teacher's love and learn to love everyone around them. Teacher's love is the guarantee to form children's good psychology, and bid farewell to "bad children" under the nourishment of teacher's love.
Summary of mental health education in kindergartens
First, optimize the educational environment.
Kindergarten environment is a potential course and external condition for children's mental health development, which has a subtle influence on children's psychology. Therefore, creating a good environment to adapt to education can promote the healthy development of children's psychology.
1, and create a suitable material environment.
One is to provide young children with a vibrant and spiritual natural environment, such as planting lawns, flowers, fruit trees, opening up plantations, building paddy fields, and rebuilding sandy land. Let children have a pleasant emotional experience in a beautiful campus environment.
The second is to create a learning and playing environment suitable for educational goals, such as creating art design areas, music areas, doll houses, small stages, shops and other activity areas by using waste materials such as cartons, beverage bottles and fast food boxes, so as to provide children with opportunities for full activities and performance and let them study and explore in a relaxed environment.
The third is to create wall decoration with mental health as the main content. Huge wall decorations such as "Let's play together", "My sister fell and I got up" and "Go to kindergarten happily" are hung in the eye-catching place of the teaching building. The activity room is decorated with beautiful patterns to remind children of cooperation, humility, happiness, courage and fear of difficulties. Let every wall and corner of the kindergarten become a place for educating people.
2. Create a relaxed and harmonious psychological environment.
The first is to establish a teacher-student friendship full of harmony and love. Love is the bond between teachers and students. If teachers give children more love and care, they will feel attached to their teachers. Therefore, we always treat our children with full love, so that they can enjoy kindergarten and participate in group activities happily.
The second is to establish an equal and democratic relationship between teachers and students. In daily teaching, teachers treat every child equally, concentrate on understanding each child's personality characteristics and ability differences, respect each child's interests and needs, and strive not to hurt the child's self-esteem. When evaluating children, try to adopt the encouraging tone of "I know you can do it" and "I believe you can do it well". Under the influence of this good atmosphere full of respect and encouragement, children become optimistic and confident and can actively participate in various activities.
Third, establishing a good peer relationship can promote children to learn from each other and make progress together. We first let children learn to respect others, then let them get rid of self-centeredness, gradually know how to adjust their behavior to meet the requirements of the group, teach them some methods to coordinate peer relations, and help them acquire correct communication skills.
Second, pay attention to infiltration education.
Psychological development is a long-term and continuous process with the possibility of repetition. The development of children's mental health must attach importance to the all-round infiltration of kindergartens and adhere to consistent and continuous educational guidance, which is the key to promote the development of children's mental health.
1, subject penetration.
The contents of textbooks in all subjects are permeated with the requirements for the cultivation of children's personality and intelligence from different aspects. They are not only moral education, intellectual education, aesthetic education and other factors, but also psychological education factors and important resources for mental health education. Therefore, we pay special attention to children's mental health education in the teaching of various subjects. For example, in the language activities of the middle class, by telling the story of "Sima Guang smashing a jar", children can understand that if they want to succeed, they not only need to overcome difficulties, but also learn to think of ways. In life, when children encounter difficulties, we use the characters in the story to inspire them and teach them how to solve them.
2. game penetration.
The game is a relaxed and happy activity that children voluntarily participate in, and it is also a basic activity for children. Children are most likely to receive guidance and training in game activities without any pressure.
3. Daily infiltration.
To promote children's mental health development, we should start with daily life, stick to it, accumulate over time and gradually form it. Help children develop the habit of doing things seriously and never being careless, such as washing their faces, dressing, arranging toys, etc. Train children to do anything (such as painting, playing games, listening to stories, etc.). From beginning to end, I never give up halfway, and I have the courage and perseverance not afraid of difficulties.
4. Random education.
Random education is targeted education based on temporary events, which plays a very important role in cultivating and consolidating children's good personality and psychological quality. For example, in painting activities, some children cry because they can't draw, and some children throw away their pens. In this case, we always seize the opportunity to carry out random education, so that children can understand that "crying is useless", let everyone discuss "how to do it", guide children to overcome difficulties, complete their works and build up their self-confidence.
Third, carry out targeted education.
Targeted education activities refer to special activities designed by teachers purposefully and planned for children's mental health development. In the study, we designed targeted activities around the goal of promoting children's mental health development and organized educational activities according to the plan. For example, we have observed that a small number of children in the class are introverted and timid and unwilling to associate with their peers. In view of this situation, we designed a "doll birthday" in the activity area to consciously guide these children to participate in the activities. In the activity, let one child play the role of doll, and the other children play the role of small guests. The little guests went to the doll's house with gifts to celebrate the doll's birthday. The doll warmly received the little guests, who boldly said congratulations when giving gifts to the doll. They talk to each other, sing birthday songs and dance happily, so that in a relaxed and happy atmosphere, the children naturally communicate, and even the children who are usually withdrawn are active at this time.
Fourth, carry out psychological counseling.
Psychological consultation refers to a method designed and organized by educators according to the characteristics and laws of children's psychological development, which takes activities as the basic way to trigger children's subjective experience and feelings, thus having a positive impact on children's psychological state and achieving the formation and improvement of children's mental health. Children's psychological development is unbalanced and there are obvious personality differences. Therefore, according to different types of children and their different psychological needs, we have adopted the following methods to provide psychological counseling for children.
First, create an activity scene. Through the scene with activities as the main content, guide children to actively participate in activities, vent bad emotions in activities, and form a healthy psychology.
The second is the role experience. Children play different roles, experience the psychological quality of roles, and help children establish their own lack of psychological quality. In addition, we also use methods such as induction, consideration, closeness, trust and encouragement to guide children psychologically and safeguard their mental health.
Five, adhere to the family synchronous education.
Family is the place where children live the longest, and parents' words and deeds have a great influence on children. If this influence is positive, it will contribute to the healthy development of children's mental health and improve the effect of kindergarten education; If this influence is negative, it will weaken or offset the effect of kindergarten education. Therefore, it is an important guarantee for children's mental health development to acquire * * * knowledge, coordinate educational methods and unify educational requirements. We strengthen the guidance of family education through family columns, parents' meetings, parents' open days, parents' schools and other activities. To publicize the importance of "promoting children's mental health development" and familiarize parents with the objectives, contents and operation methods of this study, so as to support and cooperate with kindergarten education and promote children's mental health development.
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