According to the survey data, among the main causes of death in China, cardiovascular disease accounts for 45%, cancer accounts for 23%, respiratory system accounts for 1 1%, trauma accounts for 8%, other chronic diseases account for 6%, diabetes accounts for 2% and other reasons account for 5%.
Understanding the risk of cardiovascular disease and avoiding and improving it as soon as possible is of great significance to the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
One of the risks of cardiovascular disease: hypertension
Hypertension accounts for about 84.5% of all patients with cardiovascular diseases in China. Hypertension is very harmful to blood vessels, which will gradually lead to atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and eventually lead to myocardial infarction or cerebral infarction. Therefore, the first thing to do to prevent cardiovascular diseases is to control blood pressure, especially for patients with hypertension, and it is best to monitor blood pressure frequently. You can measure your blood pressure once every morning after getting up and record it (most hypertensive patients get up in the morning with high blood drug concentration, and their blood pressure is also the easiest to be high, which has a high reference value), and you can observe the days with high blood pressure in a week. The 7-day average systolic blood pressure (high pressure) should not exceed 130mmHg (rather low than high), and the more it exceeds, the greater the risk, so it is necessary to take medicine correctly according to the situation and control blood pressure.
Studies have shown that every decrease in systolic blood pressure (high pressure) or diastolic blood pressure (low pressure) 105mmHg can reduce major cardiovascular events by 20%, total deaths by 10%- 15%, coronary heart disease by 20% and heart failure by 40%. So don't underestimate the drop or rise of a few millimeters of mercury, which has a great impact on health.
The second risk of cardiovascular disease: smoking
Nicotine, tar and other oxides produced by tobacco combustion will enter human blood, and attach to the blood vessel wall with the flow of blood. Over time, it will corrode the blood vessel wall, making it no longer smooth, and the damaged part of the blood vessel wall is prone to grow plaques, resulting in blood vessel blockage. First-hand and second-hand smoke are also very harmful. The older you smoke, the higher your risk of cardiovascular disease. The longer you quit smoking, the lower your risk of cardiovascular disease compared with smoking.
The Third Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Age
The risk of cardiovascular disease is also closely related to age. We can't control the growth of age, but maintaining a healthy lifestyle and paying more attention to our own health can minimize the harm caused by cardiovascular diseases. Generally, when men are over 45 years old and women are over 55 years old, the risk of cardiovascular diseases will increase significantly, which should be paid attention to.
The fourth risk of cardiovascular disease: hyperlipidemia
When blood lipids and bad cholesterol are high, blood will become sticky. When it reaches a certain amount, the health of blood vessels will be destroyed, thrombosis will form and blood circulation will be affected. We can know our blood lipids by the value of "low density lipoprotein" on the laboratory sheet. Under normal circumstances, the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is less than 3.37 mmol/l, but for the general public, less than 4. 1 mmol/l will not cause much problem, and higher than this value will increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
After talking about the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, let's talk about preventive measures. In addition to quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure and controlling blood lipids, we should also control blood sugar, weight, healthy diet and active activities (exercise). Sports mainly advocate moderate-intensity and above sports, such as brisk walking (speed 4.8-6.5km/h), cycling (speed less than 16km/h), dancing and heavy housework (hand washing clothes, cleaning, etc.). ), and accumulating 150 minutes of exercise every week can play a better role. High-intensity sports include: running (speed above 8km/h), cycling (speed above 16km/h), swimming, football, basketball and so on. High-intensity exercise can play a good role if it lasts more than 75 minutes a week.
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