1 After the rural centralized water supply project is completed,
From 2002 to 2007, Huinong District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia, implemented the project of improving water from fluorine (arsenic) disease in Huinong and drinking water for people and animals in rural areas, the rural drinking water project in Dongyonggu and XiaZhuangzi, the rural drinking water safety project in Lihe and the drinking water safety project in Quanjian Bird's Nest Pond. The project plans to build two water supply systems in Hongguozi and Wangjiazhuang, drill four wells and build a water pump house. There are 2 water towers and 2 management rooms, with 46 1.27km φ 50 ~ 250 mm water pipes, 0/92 valve wells, 929 water meter wells and 347 ditches. The total investment of the project is 20,854,700 yuan, of which 1, 386,5438+0,000 yuan. After the completion of the project, it was entrusted to the qualified Ningxia Huian Municipal Industry Co., Ltd. for management, and achieved initial results.
1. 1 The planning and design are reasonable.
Tap water enters the village and people can drink clean and hygienic drinking water without leaving home; Centralized household water meter well management is implemented, 10 households or multiple households with one well, one household with one meter, charging by meter, promoting water conservation and fair burden of water charges, mobilizing the enthusiasm of the masses, and the tap water household rate is as high as over 95%.
1.2 Promoting the process of rural construction
It has solved some problems of environmental and ecological water use in villages and towns, as well as the problems of planting trees, planting flowers and grass to beautify the environment on both sides of villages and towns' streets and in front of and behind residents' houses, improved the ecological environment, expanded domestic demand, invigorated the local economy, and provided water source guarantee for the orderly development, production and life of villages and towns.
1.3 improving living conditions
After centralized water supply, the drinking water safety and sanitary conditions of rural residents have been improved, the incidence of fluorosis and arsenic disease has been greatly reduced, the burden of long-distance water intake has been reduced, the health level of farmers' friends has been improved, and social harmony and stability have been promoted.
2 rural centralized water supply problems in operation
2. 1 The water level in the water source area is decreasing year by year, and water resources are in short supply.
The water source of Huinong District is located at the foot of Helan Mountain. Due to the imbalance between mining and irrigation, the groundwater level is decreasing year by year. From 2006 to 20 15, the annual average water level decreased by1.49m. Among them, the annual water level of Hongguozi Town decreased by 3.0m at the fastest, by 0.1m; At least; The average annual decline of drinking water wells in rural areas is 0.75m, and the continuous decline of groundwater level causes changes in hydrodynamic conditions and geochemical environment of aquifers, which in turn causes changes in water quality. Therefore, the shortage of groundwater resources has seriously threatened the safety of rural domestic water in the whole region.
2.2 The operation cost is high, and the water purification facilities cannot be activated.
According to the technical specifications of rural drinking water safety, the Health Department of the Autonomous Region monitored the water quality in Huinong District on 20 1 1. The rural drinking water project in Huinong District has not yet reached the standard of safe drinking water. The hardness and sulfate of Hongguozi and Wangjiazhuang waterworks all exceeded the standard, reaching 557mg/L and 330mg/L respectively, exceeding the standard by 23.8% and 32.0%. In order to solve this important event related to people's livelihood as a whole and actively seek financial support from the Water Resources Department of the autonomous region and the National Development and Reform Commission, the water purification project of Hongguozi Wangjiazhuang started in August of 20 12, with an investment of 7.89 million yuan to build new water treatment workshops, chlorination workshops, motor wells, information automation and other facilities. At present, the project has been fully completed and put into operation, and the cost of water supply has increased greatly after the operation of water purification equipment. In addition, the rural water supply network is long, and the leakage is large. In recent years, a large number of farmers have entered the city, rural families are unstable, and the water fee collection rate has declined. These factors increase the company's operating costs, resulting in the purification facilities can not be opened normally.
2.3 In the process of water supply, the water leakage is serious and the maintenance cost is high.
According to the relevant standards, the total water supply can be subtracted from the effective water supply to calculate the water leakage of the pipe network. Among them, the total water supply refers to the water data measured by the flowmeter when the water plant supplies water; Effective water supply includes two parts: selling water supply and free water supply, that is, actual water consumption. It can be seen from the analysis of the actual data of the annual operation of the waterworks that there is a big gap between the total water supply and the sold water, and the monthly leakage far exceeds the theoretical leakage, and the highest leakage can account for about 13% of the total water supply. The reasons that affect the leakage of water supply pipeline network are as follows: ① The water supply pipeline was not repaired in time because of ditch repair, ditch digging and road repair, and the phenomenon that tap water was lost in vain due to man-made destruction of the pipeline network accounted for 3% of the total leakage rate; (2) Due to the disrepair of water supply pipeline and gate valve, the pipe joint is damaged, and the water leakage caused by gate valve corrosion accounts for about 4% of the total water leakage; (3) Because the tap water supplied by the waterworks needs to be metered and charged, the phenomenon of stealing water occurs from time to time. Some farmers removed their water meters and raised chickens and cattle with water receiving devices, which caused great losses to the water supply department, accounting for about 3% of the total losses; ④ Measurement error of water meter.
3 management measures in the operation of centralized water supply
In order to ensure that the rural centralized water supply project can achieve good operation, sustainable development and long-term stability to play a good economic and social benefits, we must strengthen the construction from the following aspects.
3. 1 Strengthen water source protection and provide water supply guarantee.
Water source is the life source of rural drinking water project, and only the safety of water source can ensure the water supply safety of the whole project. In view of the phenomenon that the groundwater level is decreasing year by year, the following measures should be taken actively. First, improve water source protection engineering measures and replenish groundwater. The rock in Helan Mountain is exposed, the land is barren, and the mountain torrents are swift. It is necessary to guide and accumulate the mountain torrents in order to supplement the groundwater source and raise the groundwater level. Reduce the irrigation of farmland by mechanical wells near the water source; The water source area should be protected by fences. The second is to improve the water source protection mechanism. Prepare a water source protection plan and implement the corporate responsibilities of environmental protection, health, water conservancy, land and operation management. The third is to strengthen the monitoring and inspection of water sources. Arrange special personnel to patrol the water source every day, and it is forbidden to engage in activities that affect the safety of drinking water, such as drilling wells to lift water, digging sand and taking soil, and dumping garbage. In the water source protection area.
3.2 Strengthen water quality testing management to ensure high-quality water supply.
Strictly implement the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water, strengthen the construction of supporting facilities and improve the management and service level. Strengthen the supervision and management of rural water supply quality. The company's laboratory will test the water quality of the waterworks at any time. At the same time, Huinong District CDC will be entrusted to regularly test source water, factory water and pipe network water, send samples of factory water and source water from waterworks to water quality testing centers of cities and autonomous regions for comprehensive analysis and testing, and publish the test results to ensure that the water quality qualification rate is kept at 100% all the year round, and maintain the safety of rural water supply.
3.3 government-led, public health
Economic issues have always been the most important. Without financial support, public welfare undertakings are just assumptions. Therefore, solving the problem of high water supply cost has become the most important link for the government. The government should analyze the causes of high water supply cost and provide corresponding subsidies to solve the problem of opening rural water purification facilities; Training professional pipe network maintenance personnel, regular maintenance and overhaul of water supply equipment and pipe network in rural water supply; The price department can regularly check the cost of water supply, appropriately adjust the water supply price according to the principle of guaranteeing capital and making small profits, so that enterprises can operate normally, let ordinary people drink water that meets the standard and improve farmers' health indicators.
The above are collected and sorted by Zhong Da Consulting Company.
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