Things that make your baby healthier 1 1, play on your stomach.
Newborn babies sleep most of the time, and it is rare to lie down or be held when they are awake. In fact, on the first day when the baby comes home from the hospital, he can be allowed to play on his stomach. Let the baby play on his stomach as soon as possible, which can not only prevent flat head, but also promote early head control, exercise the strength of back, neck and arms, and help the baby learn to turn, roll and climb these movements later.
2. Add iron-containing complementary food
After 4 ~ 6 months, complementary food can be added according to the baby's situation. The initial complementary food should be iron-rich food, such as iron-fortified cereal, red meat paste, fish paste, tofu and so on.
Use a cup
You can use cups for your baby after 6 months, and you can use learning cups for transition at first. Let the baby learn to use the cup after half a year old, and separate the bottle around 1 year old, no later than 18 months. Using cups in time can not only improve the coordination ability of baby's eyes, hands and mouth, but also promote the development of oral and lip ability and chewing and swallowing ability, which is conducive to the development of children's psychological and speech ability.
4. Oral care
When the baby grows his first tooth, he should brush his teeth. Use fluoride toothpaste to get the baby used to brushing his teeth every day. After the teeth erupt, as long as the child can cooperate with the dentist, he can be taken to prevent fluoride; Then at the age of 3 ~ 4 years, 6 ~ 9 years, 1 1 ~ 13 years, the pit and fissure sealing of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth was stopped.
Step 5 develop sleep habits
Good sleep habits are not innate, but need to be cultivated by parents. At a fixed time every day, you can follow the fixed steps (draw curtains, take a bath, change diapers, feed, brush your teeth, etc. Let the baby know it's time to go to bed, then put him on the bed and soothe him by patting or humming, so that the baby can gradually learn to sleep by himself instead of constantly hugging or breastfeeding.
6. Quit pacifiers
Using pacifiers after 6 months will increase the risk of otitis media. If you continue to use the pacifier at the age of 4, it may have adverse effects on your teeth (such as uneven teeth, too thick teeth, protruding upper teeth, etc.). ). Generally, when the baby is 6 months old to 1 year old, you should gradually reduce or stop giving him a pacifier, no later than 2 years old.
Step 7 add vitamin d
The content of vitamin D in natural foods (including breast milk) is generally low. Therefore, a few days after the baby is born, vitamin D can be supplemented, at least until the age of 2, and if conditions permit, it can continue to be supplemented to teenagers and even adults.
8. Let the baby eat by himself
How old a baby can eat by himself, in fact, depends to a great extent on when parents give their children the opportunity to eat by themselves. 8 ~ 12 months, the baby can try to eat by hand, and then help the child gradually get used to eating with a spoon or other tools.
9. Sleep in separate beds
For a baby, it is best to share a room with parents and sleep in separate beds. Only when nursing or appeasing can he be carried to the adult bed and put back into the crib when he wants to sleep. When the baby grew up, he gradually noticed the differences between men and women. If he continues to sleep with his parents, it may not only affect the development of sexual cognition, but also affect the life and relationship between husband and wife. The disharmony between husband and wife will also affect the healthy development of children's personality. Therefore, parents can gradually guide their children to sleep in separate rooms after they are 2 years old and before they are 4 years old.
Things to make your baby healthier 2 1. Laughter helps the baby to create a good mood.
Happy babies love to laugh more? Exactly! The reverse is also true: laughing more can make the baby happier, because laughing will activate all the hormones that represent happiness in the baby. Laughing babies don't feel sad at the same time, so good emotions will spread with laughter. If you don't believe me, you can try to smile in the mirror with your children! The content of children's laughter is constantly changing according to their age. For example, babies and mothers like to giggle when playing hide-and-seek games. Kindergarten children laugh when they hear "strange words" that he doesn't understand; Older children can already understand simple humorous stories, so if you want to make your baby laugh, you must find a good way.
2, laughter can exercise the baby's respiratory organs.
Many times people will tell you, "Let your baby cry and shout more, which can exercise his respiratory organs. In fact, laughter plays a greater role in this respect and will not make the baby feel pain. Experts explained that laughter needs to focus on the use of respiratory organs, and smiling babies usually breathe very smoothly because laughter comes from the abdomen. Moreover, oxygen and carbon dioxide can be better exchanged during laughter, and the risk of respiratory tract unobstructed infection will be reduced. Therefore, the laughing baby must have a large lung capacity, and most of them are experts in blowing soap bubbles.
3, laughter helps the baby to enhance resistance.
Laughter not only makes the baby feel happy, but also has a positive effect on his immune system. German scientists found through experiments that after vaccination, babies who are in a happy mood and can laugh happily are more receptive to the vaccine and can produce more antibodies. In addition, after the baby laughs, the resistance cells in saliva and blood increase greatly. The remarkable effect is that those babies who are always in a happy mood and like to laugh seldom get sick, even if they get wet in the rain and go home shivering. On the contrary, if a sick baby can smile more, he can recover faster. This is because bacteria and viruses can easily take advantage of long-term tension and depression.
Laughter can relieve the baby's pain.
When children see clowns in the circus, they will forget the pain in their legs. Laughter can not only divert attention from the baby's pain, but also relieve it. Experiments show that after laughing 10 minutes, the pain will be blocked out for an hour or two. And smiling often can also reduce your baby's sensitivity to pain. So next time the baby is pregnant, don't show him funny cartoons.
5. Laughter relaxes the baby
When the baby laughs heartily, he will feel sleepy and relaxed. Therefore, people often tell you, "If your baby doesn't like sleeping, let him smile more before going to bed. In fact, the reason is very simple. When the baby laughs heartily, many muscles of the body are mobilized, and then relax after the laughter stops. At this time, the baby will feel relaxed and want to sleep. If the baby feels nervous, you might as well let him relax with laughter.
Things to make your baby healthier 3 A new mother always pays attention to her baby's every move. In the process of daily care, besides eating and drinking Lazar, how the baby sleeps is also a matter that many young mothers are very concerned about and uncertain about: supine, prone, sideways ... What kind of sleeping position makes the baby have a beautiful head shape without potential safety hazards?
Characteristics of various sleeping positions:
1, supine position:
Most parents are used to letting their babies sleep on their backs. When they lie on their back, parents can conveniently observe the expression on the baby's face directly. The baby's brain is flat, forming a so-called "square face", and the baby's internal organs are under less pressure, so that the baby's limbs can move freely.
Disadvantages of supine:
It's bad for the baby's breathing. Because of gravity, the throat will block the free flow of breathing air into and out of the trachea. Once the airflow resistance increases, there will be noise (snoring) when the baby lies on his back, which will cause difficulty in breathing and is not suitable for infants with poor breathing. The baby vomits easily. After the food flowing from the stomach to the esophagus is spit out, it will accumulate in the baby's throat, which is not easy to be discharged from the mouth, and it is more likely to choke into the trachea and lungs, which is very dangerous; The weaker side of the baby's body is exposed, easy to catch cold, psychologically insecure and difficult to get familiar with.
2, side sleeping position:
It is best to let the baby lie on the right side, so as to avoid heart pressure and prevent spitting, especially after breastfeeding, which is conducive to the smooth entry of food in the stomach into the intestine, even if there is milk overflow, it will not cause suffocation.
Disadvantages of lying on your side:
If you always sleep on your side, it is easy to have asymmetrical development on both sides of your face and a flat head, which may also cause strabismus; It is not easy for the baby to maintain the posture of lying on his side; Lying on the left side is easy to cause vomiting or milk overflow.
3, prone position:
Parents have always had a prejudice that sleeping on your stomach can easily hinder your baby's breathing and cause suffocation. In fact, newborns have the ability to defend themselves. When he lies on his side, he instinctively exposes his nose and breathes comfortably. Sleeping on your stomach will not only affect the development of the chest and lungs, but also help the growth and development of the chest and lungs. Because the chest presses the bed when the baby is lying flat, the bed will give a reaction pressure to massage the baby's chest, which can improve the baby's vital capacity and promote the development and maturity of the respiratory system, especially for newborns under the full moon. If the baby spits milk, it will also flow out along the corners of the mouth, so there is no danger of suffocation because the vomit is inhaled into the trachea. So in many countries, children like to fall asleep on their stomachs.
Characteristics of prone position:
It is not easy for parents to observe the baby's skin color and expression;
; Babies and saliva are easy to swallow, leading to saliva outflow;
The nose and mouth are easily blocked by foreign bodies such as bedding, causing difficulty in breathing;
The baby's limbs are inconvenient to move.
The baby's three sleeping positions have different lengths, and how to choose them for young parents is really a headache. According to the expert's advice, the baby's sleeping posture, especially the baby under one year old, should sleep alternately in supine, prone and lateral positions, and can't always fix a posture every day. If someone can't take care of you at any time, lie on your back and lie prone when someone takes care of you. When the baby is sick (such as a cold or fever), his body muscles will weaken, so it is best to sleep on his back.
Prone, supine and lateral lying have their own characteristics.
Lying prone is usually a baby's favorite sleeping position. Put the soft parts of your body-chest and abdomen-under, with your back and hips facing up and your cheeks pressed against the bed. This posture is the least prone to a flat head. However, due to the weakness of the baby's head and neck muscles, especially within 3 months, the baby's ability to turn his head is very limited. If the mattress is too soft, once the baby sleeps, it is easy to suffocate.
Lying on your back, breathing smoothly, seems safe, but we know that the baby is very easy to return to milk. Once the milk is returned during sleep, the supine position can easily block the baby's nose and mouth, causing suffocation. At the same time, long-term supine position is also the most likely to lead to flat back and crew cut.
Lying on your side, the baby sleeps on the temporal side of his head, with his face turned to one side and his body lying on his side. In this way, if he returns milk in his sleep, the milk will flow out of his mouth along the corners of his mouth, which is not easy to block his mouth and nose and is safer. At the same time, the occipital bone (the back of the head) will not be squeezed when lying on the side, and there are few flat heads on the front, but if one side is fixed for a long time, it is easy to have a "crooked flat head".
Consideration before baby chooses sleeping position.
Let's take a look at the development of the baby's head bones: during the baby's growth, the head shape will change, which is related to the development of the baby's skull. The newborn baby's skull has not been completely ossified, especially within 6 months. The skull is soft and plastic. With the increase of age, bones gradually calcify and skulls gradually harden. Therefore, in the first few months after birth, if a certain position of the head bears the pressure of the whole head weight for a long time, such as lying on your back all the time, the delicate occipital bone (the back of your head) will be oppressed for a long time, and its normal curvature will gradually flatten out. With the increase of months, the bones will calcify and form a flat head.
Learn more about the development of baby's head and neck muscles. The newborn baby has weak head and neck muscles. Whether sleeping in bed or in mother's arms, the baby has no control ability and needs external support. At the full moon, when the baby is prone, you can look up slightly. Time is short, and he will lie in bed again soon. When the mother holds the baby vertically, she needs to hold the baby's head with her hands all the time so that his head will not swing from side to side. After the full moon, the mother lets the baby do prone and head-up training every day to exercise his head and neck muscles. By the time of 3 months, the baby not only looks good when he is prone, but also can control his head when his mother holds him upright without his mother's hand. In other words, after 3 months, the baby has the ability to move his head while sleeping.
Let the baby sleep like this
So generally speaking, it is a safe and ideal sleeping position for a baby to lie on his side alternately at the right time, with a beautiful head shape.
At the same time, according to the baby's active characteristics, you can correctly choose and use pillows to fix the baby's body and head during sleep. When a newborn baby lies flat, his back and back are on the same plane, and his head is big, almost shoulder-width. When he lies on his side, his head and body are also on the same plane. Therefore, there is no need to use a pillow at this time. Just when he is lying on his side, he puts a big pillow with a certain hardness on his back and buttocks, so that his body can rely on it and will not turn over at will. When the baby grows to 3 months, the ratio of head to body changes, so you can start using pillows. The height of the small pillow is only 3 ~ 4 cm. The pillow should not be too soft, it should absorb sweat and breathe. Soft cotton cloth should be used outside, and buckwheat husk and kapok can be filled inside.
Babies over 6 months old have basically fixed head shape and well-developed head and neck muscles. The baby can sleep freely, and let the baby choose the most comfortable sleeping position.
Experts suggest that babies under 1 year-old should alternate three sleeping positions: when no one is taking care of them, it is best to sleep on your back, when someone is taking care of them, choose to sleep on your stomach, and when the baby is sick.
Parents should alternately choose the sleeping posture suitable for their baby according to their children's characteristics and different situations. At the same time, they should create a good sleeping environment for the baby, play some soft and soothing music, and pay attention to cultivating the baby's good sleeping habits from childhood. In this way, in the process of raising a baby, you will feel relaxed and the baby will grow up healthily.
Things to make your baby healthier 4 1. Pay attention to the baby's oral care.
Generally speaking, when the baby's first deciduous tooth comes out at 6-8 months, it's time to take the baby to the dentist. When the child's first tooth erupts, parents should use a fingertip toothbrush to clean the child's teeth with a gentle and short back-and-forth movement. Do it at least twice a day, once after breakfast and once before going to bed.
2, pay attention to the baby's hand, foot and mouth disease prevention.
Hand-foot-mouth disease is often prevalent among young children, and infants around 2 years old are prone to it. Infants and young children lack sufficient resistance to hand, foot and mouth disease and are most vulnerable to infection. You should do enough preventive work for your baby. For example, wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer before and after meals and going out. Don't let children drink raw water, eat cold food and avoid contact with children. Also, wash your hands before touching children, change diapers for children, handle feces and properly handle dirt.
3. Choose a toothbrush and toothpaste for your baby.
Does the baby like sweets very much, and you are worried about his tooth decay? Indeed, baby's oral care is very important. Therefore, you should pay more attention when choosing toothbrush and toothpaste products for your baby! It is advisable to use a small brush head, soft bristles and toothbrush handle to facilitate the baby's grip. Toothpaste should be a toothpaste with less irritation, less foam, stable performance and convenient use and storage.
Things to make your baby healthier 5 1. What water should the baby drink?
Because of the physiological characteristics of babies, the demand and absorption rate of water per kilogram of body weight are higher than that of adults, so water quality and quantity are very important. Water in food is an important source of water intake for infants, but it is not as intuitive as drinks. Drinks are the main source of water intake outside meals, including boiled water, mineral water, boiled fruit water, vegetable water, freshly squeezed juice and light green tea for older children. For babies, boiled water should be the first choice among all kinds of drinks.
2. How much water should the baby drink?
Children should decide the amount of water to drink according to their own weight. Babies have vigorous metabolism and relatively high water demand. According to the WHO recommendation (1993), the daily recommended intake of 0- 1 year-old infants is150ml/(kg d). A baby weighing 5 kg needs 0.75L of water every day, and a baby weighing 10 kg needs 1L of water every day. The above water supply refers to the sum of oral drinking water, water contained in food and water produced by food metabolism in the body, not just drinking water. Excluding the water contained in milk, vegetables and fruits, children aged 1-3 drink 600 ml ~ 1000 ml every day. According to this calculation, the daily water demand of 1-3-year-old children is about1200-1600 ml, and they should drink at least 600 ml directly every day besides taking water from their diet.
3. How should the baby drink water?
Many people often wait until they are thirsty to drink water. In fact, when people feel thirsty, the body is already in a state of chronic water shortage. The correct way to drink water is to distribute the drinking time at any time of the day, and drink water several times, about one cup at a time. For example, children aged 1-3 drink boiled water 4-5 times a day, each time 150-200ml. At the same time, we should refer to the season, temperature and sweating flexibly. A baby should lose weight every time. Remember not to drink a lot of water at one time, which will increase the gastrointestinal burden and dilute the gastric juice, which will not only reduce the bactericidal effect of gastric acid, but also affect the digestion and absorption of food.
Newborns should pay attention to their drinking water.
For newborns, the water needed by the body should be taken from a certain amount of drinking water and milk. Newborns' metabolism is vigorous, but their renal function is not fully developed, but relatively speaking, they need more water than adults. The younger the children are, the more water they need. However, this does not mean that the more water they drink, the better. Therefore, parents should master their children's water consumption to meet their growth needs.
The daily water demand of newborns is 150ml/kg, and a small amount of water should be added in addition to the water given during breastfeeding. At first, you can give 10 ~ 20 ml of water at a time, and gradually increase it to about 50 ml at a time, and give water once between feeding. When feeding a newborn, you should be careful not to rush or overdo it, and it should be cold and hot. At the same time, you should also pay attention to the cleaning and disinfection of milk utensils. When feeding water to children, we should also master the amount of drinking water flexibly. In hot weather, newborns are not easy to sweat, but the temperature is high. Give your child plenty of water, but don't drink too much at a time. You can give it a few more times. If the child is sick, especially with fever, physical fatigue, or vomiting and diarrhea, it is necessary to drink more water to make up for the lack of water in the body. However, parents should be reminded not to give their children orange water or sugar water, so as not to affect the normal development of teeth. Therefore, it is also very important to give children water, which is conducive to the digestion and absorption of food and the healthy growth of children.
Warm reminder:
1. Cold boiled water will be contaminated by bacteria if it is stored for a long time and dumped repeatedly. Don't boil too much water at a time.
2. Don't boil cold boiled water repeatedly, otherwise the heavy metals in the water will be concentrated, which is harmful to the health.
3. Mineral water contains more minerals, and the baby may not be able to use or metabolize these minerals in time.
4. The mineral content of pure water is low, which is not good for the baby's growth and development.
5. It is best not to give the baby all kinds of artificially prepared drinks, because these drinks have artificial additives, which can stimulate the baby's gastrointestinal tract, cause discomfort, hinder digestion and cause convulsions.
How do you know that your baby needs to drink water?
Babies who can't talk are "speechless" even if they are thirsty, while older children who can talk often don't say anything even if they are thirsty. So it depends on the "vision" of mom and dad. If the baby has the following symptoms, it will remind you that he/she needs to drink water:
The baby has a thousand lips and keeps licking them with his tongue; Often crying, fidgeting, difficult to sleep;
No urine or dark yellow urine when changing diapers.
What temperature is suitable for water?
Too cold or too hot water will cause damage to the baby's delicate gastric mucosa.
Never give your baby water in the refrigerator in summer, which is easy to upset the stomach and even twitch; You can't give your baby too hot water in winter, which is easy to burn.
Warm reminder:
Generally speaking, it is best to give your baby the same water as room temperature in summer, and the drinking water temperature in winter is around 40℃.
How to master the amount of water supplement
Generally speaking, the baby within four months has not added complementary food, and the source of diet is completely breast-fed. Whether breast milk or powdered milk, 80% of milk is water. If the amount of breast-feeding is sufficient, there is no need to feed water, because feeding water will reduce the amount of breast-feeding, which is not conducive to the intake of nutrients by infants.
If the feeding amount per kilogram of body weight per day is less than 100 ml, it is necessary to feed the baby with appropriate amount of water. Feeding 1 ~ 2 times a day is enough.
At first, you can feed 10 ~ 20 ml each time. With the increase of age, the number of water feeds and the amount of water fed each time gradually increase.
Warm reminder:
The water consumption of babies under 3 years old should not exceed 100 ml at a time, and it can be increased to 150 ml over 3 years old. As long as the baby's urine is normal, you can decide the number of times to feed water according to the actual situation. The weather is hot in summer, and the baby sweats a lot. It is necessary to appropriately increase the number of times to drink water and replenish the missing water for the baby, but the opposite is true in winter.
What makes the baby healthier? 6 What is the difference between the daily water demand of infants and young children?
First of all, the water demand and water content of infants are different. On the other hand, the metabolism and immune system of infants and young children are not well developed. Water content of human body: 55%, 80% for newborns and 70%~75% for infants aged 0~3 years. The daily water demand is 50 ml/kg by weight; 0~ 1 infant150ml/kg; 1~3 years old infants 100 ml/kg. If the water is insufficient, it is easy to cause water and electrolyte metabolism disorder and metabolic acidosis.
Babies should drink water scientifically.
1. Newborns should not be fed too sweet water.
The concentration of sugar boiled water for newborns should be 5% ~ 10%, and it should be between sweet and not sweet when tasting.
2. Drinks can't replace boiled water.
When babies are thirsty, give them some boiled water, and occasionally taste drinks and the like. It is best to dilute them with boiled water before drinking.
3. Don't give your baby ice water.
Drinking plenty of ice water can easily cause gastric mucosal vasoconstriction, affect digestion, stimulate gastrointestinal tract, and even lead to abdominal pain and diarrhea.
4. Don't give your baby water before meals.
Drinking water for your baby before meals will dilute gastric juice, which is not conducive to food digestion. Drinking too much will affect your appetite. The appropriate method is to let the baby drink a small amount of water half an hour before meals to increase saliva secretion in the mouth and help digestion.
5. Don't give your child water before going to bed.
Younger children can't completely control urination after deep sleep at night. If you drink too much water before going to bed, it is easy to enuresis.
6. Don't give the children sedentary boiled water.
Drinking water stored for more than three days at room temperature, especially boiling water in thermos bottles, is easily contaminated by bacteria and can produce toxic nitrite.
7. Educate children to develop good drinking habits.
Don't drink water too fast, and don't drink too much at once, otherwise it is not conducive to absorption, and it will also cause acute gastric dilatation and upper abdominal discomfort. In addition, children should be educated not to drink raw water to prevent infection with gastrointestinal infectious diseases.