Playing games or watching plays all night, Wang Chen will feel his hair covered and his bones and muscles ache. After studying for a year as a graduate student, Wang Chen has a bad stomach and cervical vertebra is often uncomfortable. As everyone knows, this stems from his various "works"-not getting up easily, hungry, and staying up all night.
But Wang Chen doesn't seem to care: "Many students do."
A few days ago, The Development Course of Students' Physical Fitness Monitoring in China was released. Jiang Chongmin, a researcher at the Institute of Sports Science of the State General Administration of Sports, said that the physique of college students in China is still in a downward trend, but the rate of decline is slowing down. At the same time, the body shape is also changing, especially the obesity rate continues to rise, increasing by 2% to 3% every five years. In addition, the 20 15 national physical fitness monitoring report shows that the physical fitness of students aged 7 to 19 years old, college students have the most serious decline.
Unhealthy lifestyle, indifferent health awareness, college students' life really seems to be a little far from "health". In the new school year, a new version of the Guiding Outline of Health Education in Colleges and Universities (hereinafter referred to as the Outline) was put into use, which not only clarified the basic principles of health education in colleges and universities, but also gave specific guidance from five aspects: healthy lifestyle, disease prevention, mental health, sexual and reproductive health, safety emergency and avoidance.
This makes Zhang Fei, a college student in Tianjin, a little more happy. "Health education? Sounds good. " In his impression, "physical examination and safety education have been done once; Mental health, there is only one clinic in the school, and no one goes there. In terms of sex education, there is only one elective course in the school, and few people can choose it ... "The mission of health education in colleges and universities is sacred and arduous to teach students a healthy life, promote their physical and mental health, improve their health literacy, and let college students who" don't understand "health know and cherish health.
Drinking too much in the middle of the night, studying and entertaining and not getting up-ignorance and fearlessness.
The outline points out that some students are indifferent to health awareness and lack the ability to maintain and promote their own health, and unhealthy lifestyles such as insufficient exercise, insufficient sleep, irregular work and rest, and unreasonable diet are becoming risk factors affecting students' health.
170cm, 85kg, chubby Zhang Fei calls himself an "otaku". He goes to bed at 2 am and gets up at noon 12. He doesn't eat breakfast, never exercises, and stays in the dormitory all the year round. This is his daily life in college. "We often play games until midnight and then go to the school gate for a drink. That's how I got fat. " He patted his bulging belly as he spoke.
A recent survey by the Statistics Bureau of Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia, on the daily diet of students in four local higher vocational parks found that only 42.0% of college students eat breakfast every day.
A college counselor in Xi 'an, who asked not to be named, told the reporter, "Now many colleges and universities still insist on 1 1 power off at night, but this can't solve the problem. Especially in recent years, mobile phone games have been on fire, and everyone can play with mobile phones and charging treasures until the early hours of the morning. Life is black and white, which not only can't guarantee three meals a day, but also greatly reduces their exercise. "
"This is not just eating. She doesn't even get up. " Liang Tucao, who has graduated, said that her "good" roommate still looks "amazing". "She just sits on the bed every day, plays games, watches variety shows, eats takeout and snacks on an empty stomach, takes a bath once a month, and doesn't talk about personal hygiene, let alone dormitory hygiene ..."
There are some bad habits that continue to spread in the ivory tower. The reporter investigated a number of colleges and universities and found that the number of college students smokers is also quite large. The counselor of a university in Shanxi said: "Smoking varies with school, gender and grade. For example, there are more senior students than freshmen, and there are more boys than girls ... Take my class as an example, boys who smoke account for about half. " What impressed the counselor of a university in Tianjin was that "the male dormitory is full of rubbish".
"Today's students don't have the word' health' in their hearts, but they are all' work'. In fact, health education is too important, including not only good lifestyle guidance, but also mental health, disease prevention and so on. " The counselor said, "But now that the freshman year begins, the school's enhanced safety education mainly focuses on fire prevention, theft prevention and fraud prevention. It involves less mental health care and the effect is hard to say. There are few or no health elective courses and lectures. "
Schools don't pay attention to it, there are few professional teachers, and education lacks standards-health education is not systematic.
The "Outline" points out that the coverage of health education in colleges and universities is not wide, the pertinence is not strong, and the measures are not in place.
Du Ruijun, an associate professor at the Institute of Higher Education of Beijing Normal University, believes that the lack of systematic health education in China is one of the main reasons for students' unhealthy lifestyle. "Since the childhood, I haven't started from home. My understanding of health is mostly measured by external and explicit standards such as protecting eyes, reducing obesity and ensuring height. I haven't touched on the deep-seated problem of health education, that is, health is a lifestyle or habit. "
"The school has an unshirkable responsibility for this issue." Jiang Yan, an assistant researcher at China Academy of Educational Sciences, said frankly, "In middle schools, both schools and students focus on exams, and health education is often ignored or just perfunctory." "This also makes students' health awareness and habits insufficient. When they go to college, they often lose their goals and become' runaway wild horses', lacking the necessary constraints and management. " Zhang Jianghua, deputy director of the Student Affairs Office of Central South University, added.
"Generally speaking, universities don't pay much attention to health education. Looking through various documents and development plans issued by most schools, there is basically no mention of health education. Most colleges and universities also have no publicity and theme activities of health education. In addition, health education is not a major or compulsory course in colleges and universities, but a public course, and the initiative to fail lies with students. " Liu Ji, secretary of the Party Committee of the School of Physical Education and Health of East China Normal University, said.
Wu, vice president of the School of Education of Shaanxi Normal University, said that at present, the main ways for students to obtain health information are school bulletin boards, classroom education, WeChat and Weibo. "Generally speaking, in the event of major events such as SARS and avian flu, schools will think of publishing public health prevention information on bulletin boards, but it is difficult to update them in time and the amount of information is limited. However, the unfiltered health information on WeChat is difficult to distinguish between true and false, and can't give students a scientific and accurate guidance. As the main channel of health education, the classroom often cannot be put into practice because of the lack of professional teachers. "
According to Wang Xue, who is currently in charge of missionary work in a college affiliated to a university in Tianjin, "it is difficult to meet the needs of students and solve their practical problems simply by giving lectures and watching videos. In particular, the establishment of the concept of healthy living lacks a set of standards and systems for health education in colleges and universities that are both in line with the requirements of the times and effective. "
She believes that the lack of health education teachers and the low level of teachers are also the main reasons why health education is difficult to carry out smoothly. "Some schools don't have a health education consulting room that can function normally. Although some schools have such clinics, most of them are concurrently held by medical staff of school hospitals, which restricts the school from carrying out health education and publicity activities in an all-round way. "
Incorporating evaluation indicators and strengthening teachers-Health education needs supervision and accountability.
The outline points out that colleges and universities should carry out health education through multiple channels, carry out various forms of health practice, and strengthen the construction of health education teaching ability through multiple channels.
How can health education move from documents to classrooms and students, and make "health" their life standard and pursuit?
"Similar documents have been issued before, and the key is implementation." Zhang Jianghua emphasized that the education administrative department should establish and improve the supervision and accountability mechanism. "We should not only supervise the venues, hardware and equipment needed by schools to carry out health education, but also focus on supervising the teaching staff, the types, contents and hours of courses offered and other software packages. For universities with poor supervision, compulsory accountability and punishment measures should be taken. " Liu Ji also suggested that when evaluating school teaching, the education administrative department should take the importance attached by the school to students' health education and students' mental health status as one of the evaluation indicators.
The person in charge of the Department of Physical Education and Health Arts of the Ministry of Education stressed that colleges and universities should formulate health education teaching plans, offer public elective courses in health education, arrange necessary class hours and determine corresponding credits. In view of the health problems that college students are concerned about, the teaching content is carefully selected to attract students to take health education courses.
"The content of the course is important, and the form and content should be more diverse and rich." Wu Shuo, "For example, setting up health activity groups such as running, mountain climbing and swimming at the school level has become an extension of health education classes."
He believes that adopting an "online+offline" approach to health education should have good results. For example, invite doctors from school hospitals and experts from large hospitals outside the school to give professional lectures and issue targeted health guidance manuals according to the current characteristics. Schools should also make good use of online platforms such as WeChat, Weibo, massive open online courses and micro-courses to release correct and scientific health knowledge to students. Professional courses, especially mental health, must be taught by professionals.
Cheng, a professor at the School of Education of China Renmin University, pointed out that health education in colleges and universities involves all aspects, not a single course. Therefore, we should integrate some health knowledge into sports, nutrition and other related courses, and make full use of professional institutions such as medical units and psychological consultation rooms to participate in specific health education.
"Colleges and universities can also consider moving forward the time of health education. When sending the admission notice, they can be accompanied by some health education-related contents or QR codes, so that students can see at a glance, establish contact with parents in advance, and let them participate in the health education of their children's college life. At the same time, in the freshman year, we will increase the health education for students by adding different types of courses such as compulsory courses and elective courses. " Zhang Jianghua stressed.
"Teachers are the basis for doing a good job." Zhou Lixia, a teacher of Shanxi Medical University, believes that colleges and universities should actively develop and set up health education majors for college students, and cultivate health education professionals in schools. "At the same time, schools should also strengthen health education and training for counselors, professional teachers and other groups, and encourage them to participate in health education lectures and classes. Schools should also take students' health education into account when assessing teachers and evaluating professional titles. "
"How about health education? The effect has the final say. " Luan Lixia, a professor in the Department of Physical Education of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, suggested that schools should formulate an index system and evaluation methods that can accurately reflect the effect of students' health education according to their own characteristics, such as conducting psychological and physical tests on students regularly, organizing some questions and answers and practical activities on basic knowledge of disease prevention, and incorporating these results into hard indicators such as credits.