Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the most fundamental measure to regulate immune function is to regulate lung, spleen and stomach, kidney, meridians and qi and blood. Therefore, a scientific diet is particularly important.
Don't overeat.
Overeating exceeds the digestive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract, which will gradually reduce the function of the stomach over time.
Don't eat too fast.
Eating too fast, saliva can not be fully mixed with food, which is extremely unfavorable to the digestion of food.
Don't be distracted when eating.
Don't laugh loudly, read books and newspapers when eating, or the blood obtained by digestive organs will be relatively reduced.
Don't drink soup to soak rice.
Soaking rice in soup will dilute gastric juice, and it will be more difficult to digest if you don't chew it carefully.
Don't eat too hot rice.
Eating overheated rice can easily burn the mouth, esophagus and gastric mucosa, causing inflammation. After a long time, it is easy to weaken the role of mucosal defense against viruses.
Don't be partial to food
The human body needs nutrition in many ways. Eating a single food for a long time will cause different degrees of nutritional deficiency.
Don't drink plenty of water before meals.
Drinking plenty of water before eating will increase the burden on the intestine, dilute the gastric juice and affect digestion.
Don't despise breakfast.
Eating too little or skipping breakfast leads to consumption exceeding storage. Over time, there will be dizziness, palpitation, memory loss and other symptoms.
Don't get angry when eating.
Due to the stimulation of bad emotions, the normal secretion of digestive glands can be inhibited through the cerebral cortex, causing digestive and absorption dysfunction.
Precautions for eating
Preparation before eating
Disinfect tableware every meal, wash your hands before meals, and drink a small amount (30 ~ 50ml) of aperitif (Riesling, Mountain Wine, Blackcurrant) before meals. Because a small amount of alcohol can stimulate the gastric mucosa to secrete digestive juices such as gastric acid and pepsin, the stomach is prepared before eating. People who don't like drinking can use a small amount of broth, juice and tea instead. But don't drink a lot of soda or beer before eating, because this will not only dilute the gastric juice, but also make the stomach expand rapidly, stimulate the satiety center and reduce appetite. Chew peanuts, pistachios or dry bread at the same time before eating to improve the secretion of saliva and gastric juice.
Precautions for dining
Full of emotions, don't talk about unpleasant sadness and don't criticize others. Chew slowly. Eating is not distracting, such as reading newspapers and watching TV, and you can play light music with beautiful melody.
Precautions after eating
Proper exercise after meals can make the blood in the limbs return and redistribute to the gastrointestinal tract to help digestion. However, strenuous exercise or strenuous mental work immediately after meals is not conducive to digestion and absorption in the stomach, nor to fitness or brain health. After a meal, a large amount of blood is concentrated in the gastrointestinal tract, which reduces the blood volume outside the brain and gastrointestinal tract and often leads to drowsiness. For the elderly with certain diseases, it is advisable to lie flat or take a nap after meals to prevent angina pectoris and cerebral ischemia, which is beneficial to health. Pursuing "taking a hundred steps after meals" or doing other activities in the same way, regardless of their own conditions, often backfire.
For some people with poor digestive function and weak body, abdominal physiotherapy belt (10 ~ 20 minutes) can be used for abdominal massage to promote gastrointestinal peristalsis. After meals, you must develop the habit of gargling repeatedly, remove oral residue, keep your mouth clean and take good care of your teeth (it is better to brush your teeth once if possible).
Eat fresh meals
After the meal is cooked, with the passage of time, various nutrients in the meal will change. The fastest changes are vitamin inactivation, starch aging and the loss of various flavor substances (meat flavor, fruit and vegetable flavor). For example, if vegetables are cooked and left for 15 minutes, the vitamin loss will be 20%, and if they are left for 90 minutes, the vitamin loss will be 75%. If iodized salt is used, iodine will also be lost. Cold dishes are usually eaten after adding vinegar 10 minutes, which can play a bactericidal role in vinegar. When the temperature is high, starchy food is soft, waxy and delicious. After cooling, the starch will age, and the digestion and absorption rate of human body will also decrease.
Usually, living animals and plants can resist microbial infection, while dead animals and plants become a culture medium for a variety of microorganisms. Microorganisms in meals can reproduce for one generation in about 20 ~ 30 minutes in a suitable environment, so processed meals are easily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms if they are not eaten in time. Some people use their holidays to cook more dishes, put the leftovers in the refrigerator and take them out for hot eating the next two or three days. Sometimes a big bowl of fried shredded pork slices is cooked in the refrigerator for a week, which saves daily operation. This way of eating is extremely unscientific.
Leftovers are not only contaminated by microorganisms, but also chemically react if they are not properly preserved. If acidic food is stored in inferior pottery for a long time, a large amount of lead will be dissolved in the food and accumulated in the human body. Aluminum is an element that the human body does not need very much. If food is stored in aluminum pot for a long time, the more aluminum is precipitated, which will also cause aluminum accumulation and poisoning in human body.
From this perspective, eating leftovers has many disadvantages. Make sure the food is fresh when eating, and don't risk your health.
Carefully eat "three low foods"
"Three Low Foods" refers to foods with low fat, low cholesterol and low salt. The application of "three low foods" is indeed beneficial to some people, such as patients with high blood pressure and heart disease, but if it is applied to everyone, especially healthy people, there will be problems.
Low-fat food
It is beneficial for obese people to eat less fat, but for people with normal weight, eating low-fat foods to prevent heart disease, a syndrome of excessive insulin secretion may take advantage of it for a long time. Replacing meat and dairy products with low-fat foods such as vegetables and fruits will lead to more insulin secretion, which will cause a series of harmful changes in the body, such as the decrease of good cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood. With the increase of triglyceride content, blood pressure and blood sugar concentration, blood vessels are damaged, which leads to heart disease, stroke and other diseases. Therefore, it is necessary for healthy people to maintain a reasonable proportion of fatty foods.
Low cholesterol food
Eating a low cholesterol diet can reduce the incidence of heart disease, but it may lead to stroke, liver disease, pneumonia and even cancer. The proportion of people with low cholesterol suffering from heart disease is 50% lower than that of ordinary people, but the number of people suffering from cerebral hemorrhage is twice that of ordinary people, and the number of people suffering from liver cancer is three times that of ordinary people, and the overall mortality rate has increased. Residents in the south often eat foods with high cholesterol, such as fat, and have fewer strokes than those who eat less fat in the north. The reason is that low cholesterol makes the cell membrane brittle, the blood vessel wall brittle, and the small blood vessels in the brain lack the support of surrounding tissues, and their ability to resist blood pressure changes is weakened and they are easy to rupture. Therefore, only people whose cholesterol has exceeded the standard (more than 230% mg) should be restricted from eating low-cholesterol foods. For those whose cholesterol is lower than 160% mg, not only should the intake of cholesterol be restricted, but also the intake of cholesterol should be appropriately increased to maintain the normal level of cholesterol fermentation in the body (180% mg ~ 220% mg) and protect their health.
Low-salt food
Although eating too much salt is related to the onset of hypertension, it is impossible to eat too little. People who eat more salt have better information processing ability, more concentration and better short-term memory; Those who eat too little salt have significantly reduced the above abilities. Once the intake of salt increases, various abilities related to brain function are obviously enhanced. Therefore, eating too little salt will have a negative impact on brain function. People with normal blood pressure should not blindly eat low-salt food.
Food that is not suitable for hungry.
People often eat some foods that are not good for their health because they are "hungry for food", causing all kinds of discomfort and directly damaging their health.
Persimmons, tomatoes, black dates
Persimmon contains more tannin, persimmon gum phenol, gum and fruit quality; Black dates contain a lot of pectin and tannic acid. These substances can react with the high concentration of gastric acid secreted by human body when it is hungry, forming insoluble small particle sediment-gastrolith, which can cause diseases such as gastric ulcer.
sweet potato
Stimulate the gastric wall to secrete more gastric acid solution, leading to hyperacidity and "heartburn".
orange
Orange juice contains a lot of sugar and organic acids, which will stimulate the gastric mucosa and make the spleen and stomach full and sour.
tea
Tannic acid of high concentration tea stimulates gastrointestinal tract, causing "drunk" tea, which makes people flustered, dizzy, weak limbs and even muscle tremor.
wine
Excessive drinking is prone to acute alcoholism, which makes people lose their manners, causing vomiting, stomach pain and even shock.
hawthorn
Sour taste can promote qi and digestion, consume qi, increase hunger, but aggravate stomach pain.
cooling beverage
Stimulating the stomach will accelerate stomach cramps, increase hunger and cause gastrointestinal pain.
Methods of controlling the diet of obese people
Obese people lose weight mainly in three aspects: exercise; Diet therapy; Drug therapy.
An important part of diet therapy is to avoid greasy food. The effective way to reduce fat intake without feeling hungry is to eat more fruits, vegetables and coarse grains. It can also reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
Most obese people have a good appetite, so dieting is relatively difficult. The following methods can naturally reduce people's appetite and achieve good results.
(1) Eating a certain amount of fruit or drinking 1 ~ 2 cups of fruit juice 30 ~ 40 minutes before meals can reduce the calorie intake by 20% ~ 40%. Fruit contains more fructose, which can reduce people's demand for calories and fatty foods.
(2) chew slowly. Eating food carefully can promote the rapid rise of blood sugar. When blood sugar reaches a certain level, the appetite center of the brain will send a signal to stop eating. If you eat too fast and your brain has already eaten a lot of food when it signals, it will be difficult to achieve the effect of dieting. Therefore, chewing slowly is another important diet method. There are both salty and sweet on the table. Eat sweets first. Because sugar food can cause the increase of serotonin in the body, and enough serotonin can act on the brain nerves, resulting in satiety.
After eating fruits and sweets, you have vitamins, inorganic salts and sugar, and the rest needs to be supplemented by protein. Therefore, for obese people, most of the dishes on the table should be protein food, among which fish, poultry, bean products and edible fungi are the best.
Overcome the misunderstanding of diet
For diet, people often fall into misunderstandings unconsciously. Overcoming these misunderstandings and eating scientifically is one of the best choices for people's health. The main misunderstandings are as follows.
Drink water only when you are thirsty.
Thirst means that the body has been slightly dehydrated, just like watering after a field is cracked, which is obviously unhealthy. The correct way to drink water is to add 1500 ~ 2000 ml of boiled water in addition to rice, soup and fruit every day, and drink some light salt water in summer and autumn.
Like to drink new tea
Although new tea has fresh leaves and mellow taste, its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. Because the fresh tea stored for less than one month contains more unoxidized polyphenols, aldehydes and alcohols, it is easy to cause abdominal distension and abdominal pain, which unilaterally aggravates the condition of patients with chronic gastritis.
Stir-fry in an overheated oil pan
In an overheated oil pan, it is easy to produce a stearin compound, which is extremely harmful to human health. If people often eat vegetables fried in an overheated oil pan, they are prone to low-acid gastritis and gastric ulcer. If they are not treated in time, they will also induce gastric cancer.
Cool boiled eggs with raw water.
Boiled eggs will be soaked in raw water. Although eggshells are easy to peel off, bacteria can use them. If you eat this kind of eggs with bacteria, it will do great harm to human health.
Long-term consumption of vegetable oil
Peanut and corn oil are easy to be mixed with carcinogen aflatoxin, cottonseed oil contains gossypol that makes people toxic, and erucic acid in vegetable oil is not conducive to the health of patients with hypertension and heart disease, so vegetable oil should not be eaten more. The correct ratio of oil should be 1 part vegetable oil and 0.7 part animal oil.
Shrimp is cooked directly in the soup.
Shrimp or shrimp skin is easy to get some carcinogens during processing, and cooking soup directly is not good for human health. Boil shrimp skin for a few minutes and then change it into boiled soup, or add 1 ~ 2 tablets of vitamin C to the soup to block the synthesis of carcinogens in vivo.
Eat fruit immediately after meals.
Fruit contains a lot of monosaccharides, which are easily absorbed by the small intestine, but if it is blocked by food in the stomach, it will form flatulence due to corruption. My stomach is upset. So eat fruit one hour before meals and two hours after meals.
Add more seasoning to taste.
Natural condiments such as pepper, cinnamon, spiced, clove, fennel and ginger have certain mutagenicity and toxicity. If the condiment is used too much, it will lead to cell distortion and canceration, side effects such as dry mouth, sore throat, listlessness and insomnia, and other diseases such as hypertension and gastroenteritis.
Dietary taboo
Avoid partial eclipse and prevent malnutrition.
Avoid snacks, often eating snacks destroys the law of gastrointestinal digestive activities, which is easy to cause gastrointestinal diseases.
Avoid overeating, which can cause gastrointestinal diseases.
Avoid fast food, fast food does not chew slowly, food stays in the mouth for a short time, saliva secretion is insufficient, and food is not easy to digest and absorb.
Avoid salty food. Too salty food will cause water and sodium retention and edema in the body, increase the heart load, and easily cause hypertension and kidney disease.
Avoid sweets, eating too much sugar (especially sucrose) is easy to get obesity, diabetes and heart disease.
Avoid reading books and newspapers while eating, which will affect the secretion of digestive juice and cause gastrointestinal indigestion.
Avoid squatting, squatting to eat, abdominal pressure, gastrointestinal digestive gland secretion is blocked, peristalsis is not smooth, affecting digestion and absorption.
Avoid eating while walking. Uncivilized and unsanitary. Microorganisms, dust and harmful gases in the air enter the esophagus, which is harmful to health.
Don't laugh at food. Laughing while eating is unsanitary and uncivilized. Laughing while eating is easy to choke food into the trachea.
A healthy and disease-free diet
Have posed
Eat in the right sitting position and don't oppress your stomach. Food enters the stomach faster from the esophagus, breathing naturally when eating, and the secretion of digestive juice is smooth.
Eat twice
The interval is 4 ~ 6 hours. After eating, it takes 4 hours for the food to be fully digested and absorbed. Eating too early will increase the burden on the stomach; After 6 hours, blood nutrition will decrease.
to have breakfast
If you don't eat breakfast, at least your blood sugar is insufficient, and your energy is not enough. If you eat too little breakfast, you will gobble up your lunch and absorb more calories.
I've had enough dinner
There is plenty of time for dinner, so you can eat your favorite things comfortably, eat enough and supplement the necessary nutrition.
Be careful not to be partial to food.
Avoid unbalanced nutrition. It is not advisable to do strenuous exercise before meals, which not only leads to poor appetite, but also makes it easy to store subcutaneous fat.
You can drink water when you are hungry.
Excessive hunger, drinking a glass of water and staying in the stomach for about 20 minutes can delay hunger.
Drinking hot water first, then eating, is good for losing weight. Drinking hot water can activate sympathetic nerve and suppress appetite.
With wine, enough is enough.
Wine is high in calories, and it is easy to cause obesity or diabetes if it is accompanied with dishes.
Don't be afraid to eat vegetable residue. If there is residue in vegetables, swallow it as long as it is not too hard.
Change your diet frequently.
Eating the same thing every day and eating in the same way will lead to unbalanced nutrition after a long time, so we should pay attention to diversification.
Don't eat before going to bed.
Eating before going to bed, the stomach can't get enough rest, which can easily lead to stomach problems and affect sleep.
Drink a bowl of soup before meals.
It can promote gastric acid secretion, and food is easy to digest because it is moist. A bowl of soup does not contain much water and will not dilute stomach acid.
The food should be light.
If the taste is too strong or salty, you will be thirsty and drink more water, which is also one of the reasons for puffiness and high blood pressure, so the food should be light.
There is only vinegar on the table.
The table is full of soy sauce seasoning, so it's easy to eat more salt. Using vinegar can promote the secretion of saliva and gastric juice, increase appetite and inhibit enzymes that can destroy vitamin C.
Chew at least 20 times per bite.
People's saliva can turn starch into dextrin or even maltose, chew rice carefully and enter the gastrointestinal tract in the state of maltose, and the nutrition is easy to absorb.
Be sure to eat food containing fiber once a day.
People who eat too much fat and protein will become harmful and corrupt substances under the action of Escherichia coli. Fibers can wrap them and discharge them.