Don't pour the goldfish you just bought into the fish tank with the water. Because the water temperature in the plastic bag is different from that in the aquarium at home, it often makes the fish "catch a cold" and get sick. Sometimes the fish and water you buy carry germs, and once you pour them into the fish tank, it will bring trouble to other fish. Therefore, the fish you just bought should be put in the empty tank water with the plastic bag for 20 minutes. When the water temperature inside and outside the bag is consistent, gently pour the fish into the empty basin, add a little isothermal fresh water appropriately, let it stand for half an hour, and then fish it out and feed it in an empty fish tank filled with fresh water. A week later, when the fish were not found to be sick and resumed normal activities, the fish were fished out and put into the feeding pond for combined feeding.
2. Pay attention to the disinfection of fish tanks
Fish tanks can be disinfected with potassium permanganate solution and soaked in lavender potassium permanganate solution for a period of time. After disinfection, rinse with clean water twice. If it is a glass fish tank bonded with adhesive, it is best to leave it for a while before use, because chemical adhesive is harmful to goldfish.
3. Pay attention to the light.
Goldfish should live in alternating light and shade. Light can not only increase oxygen, but also stimulate the pigment cells on the surface of fish, which is beneficial to accelerate discoloration and luster.
4. Pay attention to feeding methods
Goldfish is an ornamental fish. The purpose of raising fish is not to make it grow up quickly, so it is necessary to control the amount of food, especially after it is newly bought. Too much food often kills goldfish. The newly bought goldfish can't adapt to the changes of the new environment for a while, so don't give food for the first 1 ~ 2 days, and only give a small amount of food on the third day. The food intake can only be gradually increased, and the food intake should not exceed 1% of the fish's weight. You can feed it once every two days according to this ratio in the future. Don't feed too much and don't be too diligent. Excessive feeding leads to the following disadvantages: First, the fish is full, the metabolic level is improved, and the oxygen consumption is increased, which is easy to cause hypoxia and suffocation; Second, the bait is left, which is easy to rot and ferment, making the water quality worse and causing hypoxia. In fact, goldfish are hungry, and there will be no problem if they are not fed for a week or two.
5. Pay attention to the amount and method of changing water;
Goldfish is a cold-blooded animal, which can survive normally at 0 ~ 39℃, and the optimum temperature is 20 ~ 28℃. When changing water, the temperature difference should not exceed 2℃. If the temperature difference exceeds 7℃, it is easy to get sick or even die. In addition, goldfish, especially young fish, are delicate and should not be completely changed. ① Change the water locally in summer 1 ~ 2 days, completely in summer 10 ~ 15 days, and generally do not change the water in winter. (2) The amount of water exchanged should be less than or greater than (the amount of water exchanged is 1/4 ~ 1/3 of the total amount). When changing water, fresh (excellent) water must be used, and the temperature difference between water should not be too large. If tap water is used, it must be cooled for 1 ~ 2 days before use, or 2 ~ 3 grams of baking soda should be added to each cubic meter of water to neutralize chloride ions in the water. If well water is used, it is better to raise goldfish with shallow well water, but it must be used again 1 ~ 2 days before use. If you use rivers, lakes and seas, it must be pollution-free and can be directly used to raise goldfish, but humus and parasites in the water are easy to harm goldfish, so it is safer to use after filtering.
Water change method: it should be carried out at four or five o'clock in the evening. Gently suck away the excrement, residual feed and some old water at the bottom of the pool with latex straws, and add isothermal new water. When injecting new water, slowly inject it along the wall of the pond according to the quantity. Don't pour, don't rush, and don't rush to the fish. Otherwise, it is easy to cause goldfish to catch cold and internal injuries, causing diseases such as scale rot and capillary congestion. After fish adapt to the environment, they will be transferred to normal feeding management. Generally speaking, friends of the sea of lime can raise goldfish well as long as they are carefully raised, properly managed, the bait is fresh, the quality is fixed, they are fed regularly, the stocking density is paid attention to, and the water temperature changes are mastered. Here are some important instructions for keeping goldfish for your reference.
1 Learn to buy good fish first: healthy fish swim in the middle and lower water for food, with bright colors, natural and leisurely swimming posture and clear, transparent and elegant tail fin. Submerged, floating head, swimming struggle, trauma, white hair, white spots, thick tail fin, turbidity, serious bloodshot, alone, absolutely not allowed to buy sick fish.
Don't put the goldfish into the jar when you buy it. Put the plastic bag containing fish in the fish tank for ten to twenty minutes before opening it. Then the water in the jar is poured into the bag for many times, and gradually mixed with the original water in the bag, so that the fish can gradually adapt to the water temperature and quality. If there is a light, turn it off. In the dark, fish are quiet and not easily frightened. Fear of fish is one of the important causes of illness.
Can't change the water temperature sharply. Goldfish can live in a wide temperature range and can still live under ice in winter. As long as they are not exposed to the sun, they can live normally in hot weather, but if the temperature changes sharply, they will get sick or die. The water temperature of fishmongers drops to 5 degrees or even lower in winter, and it is common for them to be above 30 degrees in summer. When you buy fish, you should pay attention to the water temperature in the aquarium and the water temperature in your fish tank. The deviation should not be too big, generally within 4 degrees is allowed.
Therefore, the fresh water used to change water for goldfish must be stored for a day or two. This is called drying. On the one hand, the purpose of dry water is to remove some chlorine in water, and on the other hand, it is mainly to make the temperature of new water and old water close.
You can't change too much water at a time, which will lead to water quality discomfort. Water quality includes pH value, hardness, residual chlorine, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, sulfide, protein and turbidity. Goldfish have adapted to living in primitive water quality. If all the water changes suddenly, goldfish will be unable to adapt and suffer from water maladjustment.
If you need to brew the bottom and wash the tank, you should also leave some old water. After cleaning the cylinder, put the water back into the cylinder and then add new water.
Pay attention to the density of fish. Goldfish like large space for activities. Novices often buy their favorite fish when they see it. They seldom care about how many fish can be raised in the tank. Even if they ask the fishmonger for advice, can they ask you to buy less for the benefit? In my experience, it is more appropriate to raise fish with a length of 1 cm with 3 liters of water. If your fish tank is filled with 100 liters of water, you can feed two fish if it is more than 10 decimeter, and eight fish if it is 5-6 decimeters (relatively narrow).
Goldfish are more active, strong and colorful in a larger space. Excessive density easily leads to hypoxia and deterioration of water quality, which is the main cause of illness and death of goldfish. If the goldfish is found pale and gloomy, it is a sign of extreme weakness. If the water is not changed and oxygenated in time, it will lead to death.
Although goldfish are omnivorous fish, live food is goldfish's favorite, but live food grows in polluted water environment, so be careful when releasing live food. It is recommended to buy brand-name frozen fresh foods produced by professional companies, such as red worms and bumper shrimp, supplemented by beans and vegetables, to maintain comprehensive nutrition. For larger goldfish, you can feed some bread worms appropriately. If you are feeding dry granular bait, you should choose smaller granular bait, soak it for a while before feeding it, and then feed it after soaking, which will be beneficial to digestion and avoid overeating of goldfish. In short, the bait must be clean. Feeding unclean bait can easily lead to fish diseases.
8 how to feed. Family fish farming is mainly ornamental, and controlling feeding is the most important. It is advisable to eat small fish once or twice a day within 3 to 5 minutes. Feed less in rainy days and not at night. Fish need to consume more oxygen when digesting food. In rainy days and at night, the air pressure is low, and there is little dissolved oxygen in the water. In this case, feeding the fish may lead to serious hypoxia in the water and kill the fish. Most dead fish occur at night, and severe hypoxia in water is one of the main reasons.
Keep the water clean. Goldfish eat a lot, consume a lot of oxygen and discharge a lot of waste, which will pollute the water quality, breed germs and cause goldfish to die. In order to keep the water clean, a filter should be installed. When the educt is pumped out from the bottom of the cylinder, one tenth or a little more old water should be replaced every day. A filter with aeration design can be used, and filtration and aeration can be carried out at the same time, which not only purifies water but also supplements oxygen. If possible, it is best to establish an ecological filtration system, which is very beneficial to the survival and life of goldfish.
10 cannot be launched with oil. Oil pollution will float on the water surface to isolate the air, so that the oxygen in the water can not be replenished, leading to the death of goldfish due to lack of oxygen. Eating meat or applying hand cream on your hands will bring oil into the water and should be carefully avoided.
1 1 It's best to start with cultured goldfish. China goldfish have strong foraging ability and strong constitution, and are not easily injured by accidents. You can start with China goldfish, accumulate experience and then raise rare species, so you can be more handy. Next, learn the following case:. . . . . . . . . . . (A) small claw disease
Also known as white spot disease. There are many white spots on the body surface, gills and fins of sick goldfish. It can be seen under the microscope that the small claw worm is a kind of ciliate, which is harmful to goldfish widely. In the later stage of diseased fish, the body surface is covered with a white film, and the mucus on the body surface increases, and the body color is dull and swimming is slow. Sometimes it floats on the water. Small claw disease has obvious seasonality. Water temperature 15-20℃. When the temperature is lower than 10℃, the development will stop. When the water temperature is above 28℃, its larvae will die in large numbers. March-May is the peak of epidemic in Beijing every year. After finding the sick fish, it is necessary to isolate the sick fish. All utensils should be disinfected with potassium permanganate solution or exposed to the sun. Ill goldfish can often get better if they are kept in shallow water under the sun for 1 week. In addition, one tenth of copper sulfate and one tenth of magnesium sulfate are added.
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(2) Water model
Also known as white disease, it is more common. It is caused by the invasion of water mold on the body surface of goldfish, and it begins to parasitize on the body surface. Later, it gradually invaded the deep muscle and absorbed nutrients from the fish, producing a large number of cotton-wool or gray-white or bluish-white hyphae. The wound of parasitic part is inflamed, congested, necrotic and ulcerated, which can lead to the failure and death of sick fish. This disease can occur all year round. It mostly happens in early winter and early spring in Beijing. Small fish with bruises and frostbite are easy to ... and parasitic. When malachite green solution or 0.0 1% potassium permanganate solution is applied to the affected area, ideal effect can be obtained. Salt solution is also effective.
(3) ichthyosis
Fish lice are very much like bedbugs. The body color is grayish green and slightly transparent, and the body size is like a grain. Fish lice crawl and bite the parasitic fish, which makes the fish impatient. They often swim or clean the walls in a hurry. Sometimes because of parasitic fish, the fish body loses balance, the appetite of sick fish is greatly reduced, and the wound is easy to be infected. The popular season in Beijing is from April to August every year. Trichlorfon, formalin and other drugs can be selected for treatment. Sick fish can be transferred to cold water.
Bacterial decay
It is a common disease of goldfish. The body surface of the diseased fish is inflamed or congested, and some scales fall off, especially on both sides of the body or abdomen. The fin is congested and the tip of the fin is rotten. Sometimes rotten spots appear on the gill surface. Sick fish often live alone on the surface of the water, swim slowly and die soon. The disease develops rapidly and the mortality rate is high. Mostly prevalent in late spring and early spring. The treatment can be 0.0002%-0.0003.
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(5) bacterial decay
In the early stage, erythema appeared under the dorsal fin or above the anal fin of fish, and then it expanded into circular spots or oval spots. Its edges are smooth and marked, very similar to branding. Then the epidermis decays, reaching the muscles and internal organs in severe cases and dying. The epidemic of this disease mostly occurs in spring and summer. Treatment: the rotten place can be smeared with mercuric chloride, and the sick fish can be soaked in 0.0002% furacilin solution 10-20 minutes.
(6) Squamous diseases
This disease is also called vertical scale disease or loose scale disease. The scales on the surface of the diseased fish are like pinecones, and the scales are swollen and congested at the base. In severe cases, the bottom of the fin is filled with translucent or blood sample liquid. In the late stage of the disease, the abdomen swells, loses balance and dies soon. This disease is prevalent in the season when the water temperature is low. It can be treated with drugs such as salt, furacilin and antibiotics.
(7) Foam disease
Bubbles appeared on the fins of the sick goldfish. In severe cases, bubbles fester and lose ornamental value. This disease is often caused by supersaturation of dissolved oxygen in water. A large amount of oxygen forms tiny bubbles and adheres to the fish. There are too many phytoplankton in the water. Tap water is directly exposed to the hot sun. A fish tank placed on a window or radiator in the morning sun will produce bubbles. Eliminating the cause is an important measure to prevent this disease.
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(8) Blister eye disability
Due to careless daily feeding and management, the improved goldfish with blisters is disabled, and one blister eye collapses, losing its ornamental value. The liquid in the other healthy eye can be extracted with a small syringe needle, and the residual eye can be quickly replenished to make the eyes equal in size. In a good feeding environment, the residual eye may recover. Most people can recover their eyes. Be careful and quick in operation. Strictly control the disinfection of utensils to prevent infection. In short, most of the above goldfish diseases are treated. Disinfection and liquid bath. Operators must be careful. Generally speaking, it is best to detect a small number of sick fish first. It will be widely used when the effect is good. Due to the changes of water temperature, weather and environment, as well as the different physique and personal operation of goldfish, the treatment effect is difficult to be consistent. I wish you success in raising fish! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !