What is human papillomavirus? Now many families are only-child families. Although the country has opened the policy of two children and three children, many young people still want to have one. Therefore, this phenomenon requires all parents to do a good job in preventing fetal abnormalities before marriage and pregnancy. Then many parents may find human papillomavirus through pre-pregnancy examination. Let's see what human papillomavirus is.
What is hpv 1 First of all, the medical name of human papillomavirus is human papillomavirus, which is a virus caused by DNA lesions. It is a kind of sexually transmitted disease, which is generally transmitted through sexual behavior.
Secondly, there are many kinds of hpv viruses, and the main types are human papillomavirus1/2/6/116/18/3133/35, etc. Some virus types are important for causing canceration of some human diseases.
Finally, hpv virus generally only causes disease in human body, and basically has no possibility of causing disease in other animals, so it will not spread between people and animals.
How is hpv virus caused?
Because modern society is more open-minded, many young men and women will have sex before marriage, and some even change sexual partners frequently. When you get married, you should consider having children and go to the hospital for pre-pregnancy physical examination. hpv positive test results will appear in metropolis. Everyone is very concerned about how the hpv virus is caused. Come and have a look with me.
1, hpv virus is almost everywhere in our living environment. Most people have hpv virus in their skin, digestive system and respiratory system. When this virus exists in the human body, it is mostly staged, and it will disappear by itself or be defeated by the human immune system within 1-2 years.
2. If either man or woman carries hpv, it is the most likely way to transmit the virus to the other party through sexual behavior;
3. If people infected with hpv share some daily necessities with others, such as toilets, bathtubs, swimming pools, etc., they may also transmit their virus to others;
4. Some women are pregnant without clearing their hpv virus before pregnancy, so they choose natural delivery, and the fetus may carry hpv virus when born through the birth canal.
What are the symptoms of hpv virus?
Many young people think that they are young and have no family history of genetic diseases, so it is not advisable to think that pre-pregnancy examination is unnecessary, even if there are some symptoms. We should always check our health and seek medical advice as soon as we find some abnormalities. Let's take a brief look at the symptoms of hpv virus.
1, human papillomavirus (hpv) is divided into low-risk (benign) hpv and high-risk hpv. After benign hpv infection, rice-like papules often appear on hands and feet, with sharp spikes at the top, which are rough and patchy. Sometimes, the nails are keratinized and gradually thickened at the trunk or fingers and toes of the body; Cauliflower-shaped, granular or cockscomb-shaped tumors will appear on the genitals of both sexes, and the most easily found parts are vulva, vagina, cervix and anus; Male vulva, penis, testicular surface, around the hepatic portal, etc.
2. High-risk hpv infection is what we often call cancer, such as cervical cancer and anal cancer.
Is hpv AIDS?
Many patients are found to be infected with hpv virus during pre-pregnancy examination, and they will feel abnormal panic and anxiety, always afraid that they have an incurable disease. Many people think that hpv virus is AIDS, which adds a lot of pressure to their hearts. Is Hpv AIDS? Through the explanation of authoritative experts in various fields, I will tell you today.
1, AIDS is caused by patients infected with HIV. HIV is a virus that causes great damage to human immune system. It destroys the important lymphocytes in the human immune system, making the immune function of patients gradually lose, thus making patients susceptible to other major diseases, and may produce malignant tumors in patients, with extremely high mortality. Moreover, the incubation period of HIV virus is generally about 8 years, with a long incubation period, and patients generally have no symptoms during the incubation period;
2, Hpv virus, also known as human papillomavirus, as its name implies, it will produce some symptoms on the surface of the human body, such as various wart diseases, and more obviously, it will change in special parts such as male and female genitals. As long as you observe carefully, you can find it early and treat it in time;
3. Therefore, hpv and AIDS are two different viruses, which should be judged according to different situations.
Can hpv be cured?
Although Hpv virus is not an incurable disease, it has also caused many shadows to patients' physiology and psychology. Many patients are worried that hpv virus cannot be completely eliminated, which is very worrying. Here, I want to tell you, if you are accidentally infected with hpv virus, can you be cured? As long as you actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment and control your personal habits, you can do it completely.
1. Maintain good personal hygiene, take a bath frequently, change underwear frequently and expose to the sun for disinfection. Don't trade with others. The first is to reduce the stimulation of one's secretions to the body, and the second is to reduce the possibility of cross-infection;
2. Once one spouse is told that there is hpv virus, it is best not to have sex before it is cured. Both husband and wife should go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment to avoid reinfection after treatment;
3. Now you can inoculate hpv virus in advance to reduce the infection rate. If there are serious symptoms such as condyloma acuminatum, you must go to a regular hospital and take corresponding treatment measures according to the doctor's guidance.
What is human papillomavirus? What is the route of transmission of human papillomavirus?
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus, which is mainly transmitted directly through sexual intercourse, but it can also be transmitted indirectly through contaminated underwear, bath towels and bedpans. Human papillomavirus can also be transmitted from mother to child or iatrogenic.
Ignorance of hygiene, unclean sex life and sexual partners are important ways of human papillomavirus infection. Therefore, human papillomavirus infection is not entirely due to partner's infidelity. Don't blame both husband and wife for human papillomavirus infection, which will affect the relationship between husband and wife and family harmony.
/kloc-is it true that 8 out of 0 women are infected with human papillomavirus?
Although 10 women infected with human papillomavirus is a bit exaggerated, it is not far from the truth. According to relevant research data, various types of human papillomavirus infection in reproductive tract are very common in the population, and about 80% of women will be infected at some stage in their lives.
Because in addition to unclean sexual life, hpv infection can be caused, and only hpv virus is needed on hotel sheets and non-disposable medical devices, which may lead to hpv infection, so the probability of infection is very high.
Three figures tell you how powerful the human papillomavirus is:
1, more than 90% of cervical cancer patients are infected with human papillomavirus, so human papillomavirus infection means that the risk of cervical cancer is greatly increased.
2. Up to 80% people will be infected with human papillomavirus.
3. Cervical cancer is the second most common malignant tumor in gynecology, and the first malignant tumor is breast cancer.
Up to now, there are more than 200 members in the human papillomavirus family, among which HPV 16 subtype and HPV 18 subtype are the most powerful, because 70% of cervical cancer is caused by these two subtypes.
Initial symptoms of female hpv virus
Female hpv virus generally has no symptoms in the early stage, and many people only find abnormalities during vaginal examination. Gynecological examination shows that patients infected with human papillomavirus have superficial inflammation or a small amount of leucorrhea in the cervix.
In the middle and late stage, there are often symptoms such as increased leucorrhea, foul smell, irregular vaginal bleeding, persistent pain in sacrococcygeal region, buttocks and thighs, and even dysuria and defecation.
What is human papillomavirus type 3?
Human Papillomavirus (abbreviated as Human Papillomavirus) is a kind of papillomavirus, which belongs to a genus of the family Mammaloviridae. It is a spherical DNA virus, which can cause squamous epithelial hyperplasia of human skin and mucosa. Up to now, more than 30 species of/kloc-0 have been isolated. The virus only harms humans and has no pathogenicity to other animals. Once infected, it will be carried by human beings for life.
Different types cause different clinical manifestations, which can be divided into:
(1) Low-risk skin types: human papillomavirus-1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15, etc. Related to verruca vulgaris, verruca plana and verruca plantaris;
(2) High-risk skin types: human papillomavirus -5, 8, 14, 17, 20, 36 and 38 are related to verrucous epidermal dysplasia, and other malignant tumors related to human papillomavirus infection include vulvar cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer;
(3) Low-risk mucosal types such as human papillomavirus -6, 1 1, 13, 32, 34, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53 and 54 are related to infected genital, anal, oropharyngeal and esophageal mucosa;
(4) Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus-16, 18, 30, 3 1, 33, 35, 39, cervical cancer, rectal cancer, oral cancer, tonsil cancer, etc.
Biological activity: human papillomavirus has strong resistance, can tolerate drying and long-term storage, and can be inactivated by heating or formalin treatment, so high temperature disinfection and 2% glutaraldehyde disinfection can be inactivated.
Two: the route of human papillomavirus infection
1, sexual transmission route;
2. Close contact;
3. Indirect contact: through contact with the clothes, daily necessities and utensils of the infected person;
4. Iatrogenic infection: medical staff failed to protect themselves during treatment and nursing, leading to their own infection or transmission to patients through medical staff;
5. Mother-to-child transmission: it is the close contact between the baby and the pregnant woman through the birth canal.
Low-risk human papillomavirus infection
1, benign skin manifestations
(1) Verruca vulgaris: papules the size of rice grains, with obvious keratinization, rough and uneven surface, prickly top, hard texture, single or multiple lesions, which can be gradually aggravated by self-inoculation. Most of them happen on hands and feet.
(2) Special parts show diseases:
Perinail wart: It occurs around nails, showing thickening and keratinization under nails.
Plantar wart: It occurs in the plantar part of the foot. Due to compression, bleeding spots and black spots can be seen on the surface of the skin lesion.
Filamentous wart: many soft, filamentous warts that appear on the neck and eyelids.
Verruca plana: It mostly occurs on the face and trunk, and is generally a flat papule with a size of 2-5 mm. The skin is smooth in color or light brown in surface, round or quasi-round, and occasionally itches and scratches to form self-inoculation, or it is planted along the damaged surface of the skin.
2. Benign manifestations of external genital diseases
(1) Genital wart (condyloma acuminatum): It includes three states: typical manifestation, subclinical infection and latent infection.
(1) Typical manifestations: typical lesions visible to the naked eye: papilloma-like, cauliflower-like, granular and comb-like;
(b) The subclinical manifestations are difficult to be recognized by naked eyes, and can only be observed by magnifying glass and vinegar white test. Histological and cytological examination showed typical human papillomavirus lesions;
(3) Latent infection means that human papillomavirus enters the cells of skin mucosa, which does not cause any clinical manifestations and histological and cytological abnormalities, but can be detected in the cells of skin mucosa by molecular biology methods and nucleic acid hybridization.
Vulnerable parts: female vulva, vagina, cervix and anus, anal canal, urethral orifice; Male vulva, penis, testicular surface, urethral orifice, around anus, inside anal canal, etc.
Rare parts: armpit, umbilical fossa, between toes, under breast, etc.
(2) Special parts: verrucous lesions on oral mucosa surface, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, etc.
High-risk human papillomavirus infection
1, skin manifestations
Some data show that epithelial tumors such as Bowman's disease, basal cell carcinoma, paget's disease and squamous cell carcinoma are also related to this kind of virus infection.
2. Mucosal manifestations
Cervical cancer, anorectal cancer, tonsil cancer, oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, nasal cancer, esophageal cancer, etc.
Experts say that even if infected with human papillomavirus, most women will not get cervical cancer, because every healthy woman has certain immunity.
Studies have confirmed that after being infected with human papillomavirus, most women's immune system can remove human papillomavirus from their bodies. Only a few women will continue to be infected with human papillomavirus because they can't rule out the human papillomavirus entering the body, thus causing cervical precancerous lesions. Some of these patients will further develop into cervical cancer, which will take about 5 to 10 years.
According to statistics, 2640 cases of cervical precancerous lesions were found in the cervical disease diagnosis and treatment center of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University last year, including 1 10 cases.
Women of childbearing age are regularly examined.
Cervical cancer is a preventable and treatable disease. Women of childbearing age can determine whether they are infected by high-risk human papillomavirus testing.
If the result is negative, it means that it is not infected by human papillomavirus.
Once the test result is positive for high-risk human papillomavirus, further cervical smear examination, such as Pap smear or liquid-based cytology (TCT), should be carried out.
Women of childbearing age must not neglect gynecological examination every year, including cervical cytology such as Pap smear or liquid-based cytology (TCT), which is an important method to find cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, especially the high-risk group of cervical cancer who continues to be infected with high-risk human papillomavirus.