Surgical robots are intelligent service robots that can determine an operating program based on the actual situation according to the operating plan prepared by the physician, and then forward the operating program into operable mechanical movements. The creation of the da Vinci robot heralds the advent of the third-generation surgical era. The da Vinci robot is the most successful and widely used surgical robot in the world. It also represents the highest level of today's surgical robots, which mainly consists of three parts: the doctor's control system; three-dimensional imaging video imaging platform; robotic arm, camera arm and surgical instruments to form a mobile platform. When performing surgery, the surgeon does not have direct contact with the patient, but operates and controls the robot through the three-dimensional vision system and the movement calibration system, and the robotic arm and surgical instruments simulate the completion of the surgeon's technical movements and surgical operations. Four generations of products have been developed to date:
The first generation was the da Vinci Standard Surgical Robotic System, which was commercialized in 1999.
The second generation is the da Vinci S Surgical Robotic System, commercialized in 2006.
The third generation is the da Vinci Si surgical robotic system, commercialized in 2009.
The fourth generation is the Da Vinci Xi surgical robotic system, which was released in the second quarter of 2014. Currently, the Da VinCi Surgical Robot is widely used in general surgery, urology, cardiovascular surgery, thoracic surgery, gynecology, ophthalmology, and pediatric surgery. Over the past decades, the development of minimally invasive surgical techniques has revolutionized the development of surgical procedures, and endoscopic surgical robots, mainly Da Vinci surgical robots, have further broadened the scope of minimally invasive surgery, leading the high-tech and cutting-edge level of minimally invasive surgery. The da Vinci Surgical Robot is the only intelligent endoscopic minimally invasive surgical system in the world that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in surgical clinical treatment.