(A) to establish and improve the system of production safety
Production and business units must establish and improve the responsibility system for production safety, and formulate complete rules and regulations and operating procedures for production safety. The system of safe production is an extension of the party's and the state's guidelines, policies, laws and regulations on safe production, a concrete embodiment of the implementation of the guidelines, policies, laws and regulations on safe production in production and operation, and a standard and norm for ensuring all aspects of safe production; The system of safe production is the most basic provision to protect personal safety, health and property safety, and it is the "discipline" of safe production work of production and business units.
"No rules can make Fiona Fang", production and business operation entities must establish and improve various safety production systems according to national laws and regulations, combined with the actual situation of production and business operation entities, so that the safety production work of production and business operation entities can be followed by rules.
According to the management object, the safety production management system can usually be divided into the following four categories.
1. Comprehensive safety management system for comprehensive management.
The safety management system of comprehensive management mainly includes the general rules of safety production, the responsibility system of safety production, the management of safety technical measures, safety education, safety inspection, safety rewards and punishments, "three simultaneities" approval, safety maintenance management, accident management, fire safety management, contract safety management, safety duty and other rules and regulations.
2. Safety technology management system oriented to safety technology
The safety technology-oriented safety technology management system mainly includes special operation management, examination and approval of dangerous operations, management of dangerous equipment, management of dangerous places, management of inflammable, explosive, toxic and harmful substances, management of factory transportation, and safety operation procedures of various production posts.
3. Occupational health management system of occupational hazards
Occupational hazards Occupational health management system mainly includes occupational health management, monitoring of toxic and harmful substances, management of occupational diseases and occupational poisoning.
4. Other relevant management systems
Other management systems related to safety in production in production and business operation entities mainly include management systems such as protection of female workers, labor protection articles, health food, and physical examination of employees.
(two) safety investment in line with the requirements of safe production.
Having and maintaining safe production conditions runs through the whole process of production and operation, and safety investment is an important guarantee for production and business units to have safe production conditions. Therefore, safety investment should also run through the whole process of production and operation. Before production activities, production and business units need to invest in safety before they can obtain safety production licenses; After obtaining the safety production license and starting production and operation, in order to maintain the continuous safety and reliability of production and operation conditions, it is still necessary to continuously invest in safety funds to improve safety facilities, update safety technical equipment, equipment, instruments and meters, distribute labor protection articles for employees, and conduct safety education and training for employees.
As the main person in charge of the production and business operation unit, he has the responsibility to ensure that the safety investment meets the requirements of safety production and give full play to the role of the investment; According to the safety production situation of the unit, organize the formulation of the long-term plan and annual plan for the safety production investment of the unit; Special accounts or subjects must be set up for the funds invested in production safety, which shall be used for special purposes and shall not be misappropriated at will; It is necessary to hold regular meetings to listen to the use of funds invested in production safety and ensure the effective use of funds invested in production safety.
Safety production investment is mainly used in the following aspects:
(1) Technical measures for construction safety, such as fire fighting engineering and ventilation engineering. ;
(2) Update safety equipment, equipment, equipment, instruments, meters, etc. And the daily maintenance of these safety equipment;
(3) Distribution of labor protection articles for employees;
(4) worker safety education and training;
(5) the cost of accident emergency rescue plan;
⑥ Research on major safety production problems;
⑦ Other funds required for safe production.
(three) the establishment of safety management institutions, equipped with full-time safety management personnel.
The safety of production and business activities should not only be guaranteed by necessary materials and systems, but also by institutions and personnel.
Safety production management organization refers to a safety management system that allows each member of the safety management team to hold different positions, assume different responsibilities and give different powers, and cooperate with each other to achieve the same safety work goal. In the safety management activities, the safety production management organization implements the national safety production laws and regulations, organizes the internal safety inspection of the unit, carries out daily safety inspection, timely rectifies various hidden dangers, and supervises the implementation of the safety production responsibility system to achieve the safety management objectives of the unit.
The establishment of safety production management institutions and the allocation of safety production management personnel shall be determined according to the risk of production and business units, the number of employees, the scale of production and operation and other factors. According to the provisions of the Law on Work Safety, see Table 7- 1 for the establishment of work safety management institutions and the staffing of work safety management personnel.
Table 7- 1 Establishment of safety production management institutions and staffing of safety production management personnel
(four) safety education and training for all kinds of personnel at all levels.
The Law on Work Safety clearly stipulates the education and training of the principal responsible persons, safety management personnel, special operators and other employees of production and business units.
In order to strengthen and standardize the safety training of production and business units, improve the safety quality of employees, prevent casualties and reduce occupational hazards, the State Administration of Work Safety has formulated the Provisions on Safety Training of Production and Business Units in accordance with the Law on Work Safety and relevant laws and administrative regulations. These Provisions were promulgated on June 65438+1 October 17, 2006 and came into force on March12006.
The Safety Training Regulations for Production and Business Units clearly stipulates the safety training requirements for employees in industrial, mining, commercial and business production and business units; The contents and time of the safety qualification training for the main persons in charge of coal mines, non-coal mines, dangerous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and other production and business units, and the pre-job training for other employees; The contents and time, organization and implementation of training, training supervision, etc. of the principal responsible persons, safety production management personnel and other employees of other industrial, mining, commercial and business production and business units have been clearly defined.
(five) to participate in work-related injury insurance according to law.
The Law on Work Safety stipulates: "Production and business units must participate in social insurance for work-related injuries according to law and pay insurance premiums for employees." It is a legal obligation for production and business units to participate in industrial injury insurance according to law and pay insurance premiums for employees; It is the legal right of employees to enjoy the treatment of work-related injury insurance.
The main purpose of industrial injury insurance is to ensure that employees who suffer from accidents or occupational diseases receive medical treatment and economic compensation, promote the prevention and rehabilitation of occupational disease patients, and disperse the industrial injury risks of employers' production and business units. In a broad sense, it is an after-the-fact guarantee for the safe production of production and business units. After the implementation of industrial injury insurance, employees can work with peace of mind, and can also promote production and business units to ensure their safety in production.
(6) Production and business operation entities must provide safe and reliable working conditions.
Production and business operation entities shall, according to the requirements of raw and auxiliary materials, equipment, facilities and processes used in the production process and the nature of intermediate products and finished products, provide safe workplaces that meet the requirements of relevant laws, regulations, standards and regulations on safety in production, select safe production processes and reliable safety facilities and equipment to ensure the safety in production of production and business operation entities.
(seven) actively carry out the prevention and control of occupational hazards.
Occupational hazards refer to various harmful factors that may cause occupational diseases or other personal injuries to workers engaged in occupational activities. Production and business units should not only take management and technical measures to prevent, control and eliminate occupational hazards, but also equip employees with labor protection articles that meet national standards or industry standards.
(eight) safety evaluation according to law.
Safety assessment, also known as risk assessment, refers to the use of quantitative or qualitative methods to identify, analyze and evaluate the occupational hazards existing in construction projects or production and business units. Safety evaluation includes safety pre-evaluation, safety acceptance evaluation, comprehensive evaluation of safety status and special safety evaluation.
1. Safety Pre-assessment
According to the contents of the feasibility study report of the construction project, analyze and predict the types and degrees of dangerous and harmful factors existing in the construction project, and put forward reasonable and feasible safety technology design and safety management suggestions.
2. Safety acceptance assessment
After the completion of the construction project and the normal operation of the trial production, through the inspection and investigation of the actual operation status of the facilities, equipment and devices of the construction project, the possible dangerous and harmful factors after the construction project is put into production are found, and the reasonable and feasible safety technology adjustment scheme and safety management countermeasures are put forward.
3. Comprehensive evaluation of security situation.
Comprehensive evaluation of the overall or local safety situation of production and business activities of production and business units.
4. Special safety assessment
Special safety evaluation for an activity or place, as well as dangerous and harmful factors existing in specific industries, products, production methods, production processes or production devices.
Through safety evaluation, the risk possibility or accident probability of a construction project or a production and business operation entity and the possible losses can be determined. Therefore, according to the results of safety evaluation, corresponding safety precautions should be taken to improve it, so as to reduce risks and improve the safety and reliability of construction projects or production and business units. Safety evaluation is a basic work of safety decision-making and safety management.
(nine) there are major hazard detection, evaluation, monitoring measures and emergency plans.
Broadly speaking, major hazard sources refer to the equipment, facilities or places that exist in the system and can accidentally release energy or dangerous substances exceeding the critical amount, which is the root cause of catastrophic events. Once an accident happens, it will be accompanied by the release of a lot of energy or dangerous substances, resulting in a large number of casualties and property losses, leading to catastrophic events. In order to prevent the occurrence of major accidents and reduce the losses caused by accidents, production and business operation entities should identify major hazards in strict accordance with laws, regulations and standards, register and file major hazards one by one, conduct regular inspections, and master the dynamic changes of hazards. At the same time, according to the analysis and identification of major hazard sources, appropriate evaluation methods are selected, and the possibility and severity of accidents caused by hazard sources are qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated, and on this basis, the risk levels are divided and the management priorities are determined. Production and business units must establish an effective control system for major hazard sources; Formulate emergency plans for major hazard sources, regularly check and evaluate their effectiveness, and revise them when necessary. At the same time, through drills, safety education and training, timely inform employees and related personnel of relevant emergency rescue knowledge, so as to take emergency measures in case of emergency. Strengthen the safety management of major hazard sources.
Production and business units shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, report their major hazard sources, relevant safety measures and emergency measures to the relevant local people's government departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety and relevant departments for the record. Once an accident happens, the government and relevant departments can mobilize relevant forces to carry out rescue and reduce accident losses.
(ten) there are emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents, emergency rescue organizations or emergency rescue personnel, equipped with necessary emergency rescue equipment and equipment.
Production and business units must formulate emergency rescue plans for accidents in accordance with the provisions of the "Safety Production Law" and relevant laws and regulations, and timely revise the emergency plans according to changes in actual conditions, and organize regular drills. The accident emergency rescue plan and drill records shall be reported to the local health administrative department, the safety production supervision and management department and the public security department for the record.
(eleven) other conditions stipulated by laws and regulations.
Due to the different specific conditions of each production and business operation unit, the conditions for safe production they should have are not exactly the same. Therefore, when examining the safety production conditions of production and business operation entities in detail, the administrative organ for issuing safety production licenses shall examine the conditions that production and business operation entities should have to obtain safety production licenses in accordance with the provisions of existing effective laws, regulations, norms and standards.