1, injection molding also known as injection molding .
2, extrusion molding, also known as extrusion molding. Is one of the main thermoplastic molding
3, hollow molding, also known as blow molding
4, compression molding, also known as compression molding. The upper and lower molds installed in the press between the upper and lower templates, the plastic raw material directly into the cavity, the mold will be closed, the plastic in the heat and pressure filled cavity, curing and shaping of plastic parts.
5, pressure injection molding, also known as transfer molding. Is also one of the main thermosetting plastics molding method. It is the plastic pellets loaded into the mold charging chamber, in the heating, under pressure, molten plastic through the mold charging chamber at the bottom of the pouring system filled with cavity, and then curing molding
6, solid phase molding so that the plastic in the molten temperature of the molding, there is no obvious flow state in the molding process, more for the secondary molding processing of plastic plates, such as vacuum forming, compressed air molding and pressure molding, etc., the original more Used for thin-walled parts molding, first used in the manufacture of thick-walled parts.
7, other molding calendering, casting molding, rotational molding, foam molding, etc.
Question 2: What are the injection molded products? All the gall through the injection molding machine molding products, are injection molded products. Including thermoplastic and now some thermosetting injection molded products.
Thermoplastic products, one of the most notable features is that the raw material can be repeated injection molding, but some of the physical and chemical properties of the raw material will be reduced.
The prospects for injection molding products is still relatively good, various industries are used to injection molding products, such as: automotive, medical and so on. Injection molded products basically penetrate all industries.
Question 3: What are the projects of plastic products According to the name of the different characteristics of the use of plastics, plastics are usually divided into general-purpose plastics, engineering plastics and special plastics three types.
Plastics can be easily molded into different shapes according to their own characteristics. They are widely used in various industries and in all aspects of people's lives.
Question 4: What are the types of plastics? Plastic is a widely used synthetic polymer materials, plastic products abound in our daily lives. From the toiletries we use when we get up, breakfast tableware, to work and study stationery, rest with the seat cushions, mattresses, as well as televisions, washing machines, computer shells, as well as the night to bring us the light of a variety of shapes of lamps and lanterns ......
Plastic with its excellent performance gradually replaced many of the Has been used for decades, hundreds of years of materials and utensils, become an indispensable assistant in people's lives. Plastic set of metal hardness, lightweight wood, glass transparency, ceramic corrosion resistance, rubber elasticity and toughness in one, so in addition to daily necessities, plastic is more widely used in aerospace, medical equipment, petrochemicals, machinery manufacturing, national defense, construction and other industries.
First, the classification of plastics
There are many types of plastics, so far the world into the production of plastics about three hundred kinds. Plastic classification methods, commonly used in two kinds:
1, according to the nature of the plastic heat is divided into thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics
Thermoplastic molecular structure is a linear structure, when heated, softening or melting, can be molded into a certain shape, and then harden after cooling. In the heat to a certain extent and re-softening, cooling and hardening, this process can be repeated many times. Such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene and so on. Thermoplastic molding process is relatively simple, can be continuous production, and has a fairly high mechanical strength, so the development is very fast.
The molecular structure of thermosetting plastics is a body structure, when heated, also occurs softening, can be molded into a certain shape, but heated to a certain extent or add a small amount of curing agent, hardening and stereotypes, and then will not be softened by heating and change shape. Thermosetting plastics processed after molding, heat is no longer softened, so can not be recycled, such as phenolic plastics, amino plastics, epoxy resins, etc. belong to this type of plastic. Thermosetting plastic molding process is more complex, so continuous production has some difficulties, but its heat resistance is good, not easy to deform, and the price is relatively inexpensive.
2, according to the different uses of plastics are divided into general-purpose plastics and engineering plastics
General-purpose plastics refers to the production of large, low-priced plastics with a wide range of applications, including polyolefins, PVC, polystyrene, phenolic plastics and aminated plastics of the five major varieties. Many products used in people's daily life are made of these general-purpose plastics.
Engineering plastics can be used as engineering structural materials and replace metal manufacturing machine parts and other plastics. For example, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyformaldehyde, ABS resin, PTFE, polyester, polysulfone, polyimide and so on. Engineering plastics have a low density, high chemical stability, good mechanical properties, superior electrical insulation, easy processing and molding, etc., widely used in automotive, electrical appliances, chemical, mechanical, instrumentation, instrumentation and other industries, but also used in cosmic navigation, rockets, missiles and other aspects.
Second, the composition of plastic
We usually use plastic is not a pure substance, it is made of many materials formulated. One of the polymer (or synthetic resin) is the main component of plastic, in addition, in order to improve the performance of plastic, but also in the polymer to add a variety of auxiliary materials, such as fillers, plasticizers, lubricants, stabilizers, coloring agents, etc., in order to become a good performance of plastic.
1, synthetic resins
Synthetic resins are the most important component of plastics, and their content in plastics is generally 40% to 100%. Due to the large content, and the nature of the resin often determines the nature of the plastic, so people often see the resin as a synonym for plastic. For example, polyvinyl chloride resin and polyvinyl chloride plastics, phenolic resins and phenolic plastics mixed together. In fact, resin and plastic are two different concepts. Resin is a raw unprocessed polymer, it is not only used in the manufacture of plastics, but also coatings, adhesives and synthetic fibers raw materials. In addition to a very small part of the plastic containing 100% resin, the vast majority of plastics, in addition to the main components of the resin, but also need to add other substances.
2, filler
Fillers, also known as fillers, which can improve the strength and heat resistance of plastics, and reduce costs. For example, phenolic resin can greatly reduce the cost of adding wood flour, so that phenolic plastics become one of the cheapest plastics, but also significantly improve mechanical strength. Fillers can be divided into two categories of organic fillers and inorganic fillers, the former such as wood flour, rags, paper and various fabric fibers, etc., the latter, such as glass fibers, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, carbon black and so on.
3, plasticizers
Plasticizers can increase the plasticity and flexibility of plastics, reduce the brittleness, so that the plastic is easy to process molding. Plasticizers are generally miscible with resin, non-toxic, odorless, light, ...... >>
Question 5: What is the surface treatment of plastic products Surface treatment of plastic products:
1, IMD
2, spray oil treatment, the requirements of the paint with the kind of metal baking paint.
3, surface hot stamping treatment, (aluminum transfer), but the surface shape requirements (also known as thermal transfer)
(1), the hot stamping plate, that is, the pressure of the head part of the material selection, to the best of the red copper material, because of the red copper heat dissipation, heat transfer is relatively good, in the metal belongs to the neutral material, neither too soft nor too hard, not only easy to process, there is a certain degree of elasticity, durability, and very good; however, in practice, when used, it is very good. Very good; however, the actual use, many manufacturers to reduce material costs, the choice of more than aluminum alloy printing plate, so that the cost of making the hot plate can save some, but because aluminum is too soft, poor service life, if the batch is very large, with a period of time but also have to re-make a new version of the plate, plate fee is not cheap, so it should be a comprehensive consideration of the issue of material selection.
(2), about the stamping process conditions are easier to understand, is the stamping pressure, stamping temperature and stamping time.
(3), the most important is the choice of hot stamping raw materials, that is, hot stamping paper, choose to pay attention to the different hot stamping substrates to match the line, not a hot stamping paper can be eaten all the materials, which is mainly related to the thermal transfer of adhesion firmness of the problem.
4, water transfer printing principle is as follows: first print the pattern to
transfer paper, the printing surface with a layer of protective film. Transfer paper production is complete. In printing, the protective film must be torn off, wet with water, pasted on the printed surface. Due to the action of the water, the ink adheres to the surface of the product. Tear off the transfer paper again. Wait for the water to dry. Silver transfer is complete.
5, vacuum lamination
6, surface drawing
7, electroplating
Question 6: What are the plastic products? Plastic products are widely used, a huge under *** industry for the development of China's plastic products industry provides strong support. With the introduction of the "revitalization of the petrochemical industry planning rules", China's plastic products industry ushered in a new opportunity for development. China's plastic products market demand is mainly concentrated in agricultural plastic products, packaging plastic products, construction plastic products, industrial transportation and engineering plastic products and other aspects.
, plastic products are made of different materials, different materials, different applications. The numbers at the bottom of the plastic bottle represent different materials.
The number "1" represents polyethylene terephthalate, PET, which is mainly used for mineral water bottles, carbonated, fruit juice bottles and soy sauce and vinegar bottles, etc. PET bottles are heat-resistant to 70 degrees Celsius, and are only suitable for bottling warm or frozen beverages, and are prone to distortion when filled with boiled or heated water, and substances harmful to the human body will be dissolved.
The number "2" represents high-density polyethylene, or HDPE, which is a composite film made of other plastics and is also used for aquatic products.
The number "3" stands for polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, which is also used to make intravenous infusion bags and disposable sterile infusion apparatus because it is cheap. However, long-term use can lead to the accumulation of DEHP, a hazardous substance. Therefore, from a safety point of view, the pharmaceutical industry chooses non-PVC materials is the future trend.
The number "4" is low-density polyethylene, or LDPE. 4 plastic is used in a large number of packaging. LDPE is mainly used in the production of food cling film and plastic bags for food.
The number "5" is polypropylene, PP. one is to do containers. PP is the only plastic containers can be put into the microwave
plastic containers, and can be reused plastic containers can be used as storage containers to store food, oils and spices, etc. The second is packaging film, there are unused plastic containers. The second do is packaging film, there are un-stretched and bi-oriented. Unstretched polypropylene (CPP) is commonly used in
snacks, bread, fruit and other packaging; biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is comparable to cellophane flexible packaging materials.
The number "6" for polystyrene, that is, PS. PS in packaging is mainly processed into film and foam use. Film is used for fruit and vegetable packaging; Styrofoam is mostly used for bowls of instant noodle boxes and fast food boxes, etc., but does not resist high temperatures, so it can not be placed in the microwave oven directly heated, so as not to release toxic chemicals due to the temperature is too high.
The number "7" is polycarbonate, that is, PC or other plastics. PC material made of plastic containers, may release toxic bisphenol A, the higher the temperature, the more the release, the faster the speed, so do not use heat, and do not use it in the direct sunlight.
Question 7: How many types of plastics ABS: Commonly known as engineering plastics, can be used for connectors, seat backs, seat panels, it is the main raw material in plastics can be plated (water plating).
PP: commonly known as polypropylene, used for five-star feet, armrests, footrests, as well as strength requirements are not high connectors. Disadvantages: poor abrasion resistance, low surface hardness.
PVC: commonly known as polyvinyl chloride, mainly used for sealing pieces, insert conditions. It is adapted to extrusion molding, while the PVC material is a non-combustible material in the plastic parts, processing and molding temperature stability is poor, especially the stability of the color is not good.
PU: commonly known as polyurethane. Mainly used for handrail (foam) accessories.
POM: commonly known as steel. Mainly used for wear parts such as feet, casters, door hinges, hinges and so on. Performance wear-resistant, pressure-resistant, but poor dimensional stability.
PA: commonly known as nylon. Mainly used as foot mats, five-star claws, casters and other wear-resistant, high life requirements. Characteristics: wear-resistant, pressure-resistant, high-strength indoor long service life, individual models such as PA66 high temperature up to 2200, the disadvantage is that the sun in the sun is easy to change the performance, easy to break, poor weather resistance.
PMMA: Plexiglass (commonly known as Acrylic). There are five transparent materials in plastic, and PMMA is one of the highest transparency, workpiece cutting acetic acid flavor, processing deformation is easy, soaked in boiling water can be shaped into a bend. Disadvantages: the surface is easy to scratch, low hardness, easy to crack when bending, the price is more than 20% higher than ABS.
PC: commonly known as polycarbonate. This variety is also a transparent material, high surface hardness, scratch resistance, impact resistance, high strength, good weather resistance (that is, not afraid of sunlight). Furniture in the screen partition sunshine board is this material hollow extrusion molding. Characteristics: high price and cost, about 40% higher than PMMA.
Question 8: What are the common plastics materials Common plastics related processes and properties.
(a) ABS (acrylic eye a butadiene styrene **** polymer
(b) PC (polycarbonate)
(c) Nylon 66
(d) PS (polyphenylene)
(e) PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
Problem 9: What are the common plastic products in life The invention of plastic is known as the 20th century a great masterpiece of mankind. The invention of plastic is known as the 20th century, a masterpiece of mankind. Plastic has undoubtedly become an important raw material indispensable to modern civilized society. At present, plastics have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, communications engineering, computers, military and agriculture, light industry, food industry and other industries. Plastic is literally a material that can be molded, that is, a material with plasticity. Today's plastic is a term for a class of materials that are molded by casting, extruding, blow molding, or injecting a resin into a model at a certain temperature and pressure, and then cooled and molded. In the 1860s, the United States due to the lack of supply of ivory, the lack of raw materials for the manufacture of billiard balls. 1869, the earliest man-made plastic celluloid patented. Celluloid is the earliest artificially manufactured plastic, but it is a man-made plastic, not a synthetic plastic. The first synthetic plastics were made by heating and molding phenolic resins, which were made in the early 20th century in 1910 by the Belgian-American chemist Béckem de Béckem de Béckem de Béckem de Béckem de Béckem. Becklander added wood chips to the phenolic resin to heat and pressurize it to mold it into a variety of products, named Becket after his last name, which we call Bakelite. After World War I, the rapid development of the radio, radio and other electrical industries increased the demand for Bakelite, and it has been used until today. The chemical industry needed instruments that were not acted upon by acids, and they were once made of special steel, which was expensive, and were replaced by alkali resistant Bakelite, which was much cheaper. Bakelite, however, is not alkali resistant. It is a good material for buttons and chess pieces. Some parts in tractors and automobiles are also made of it. In 1918, the Austrian chemist John made urea-formaldehyde resin, with which the plastic made of colorless and light-resistant, and has a high degree of hardness and strength, and even less flammable, can be transmitted through the light, also known as Bakelite. 1920s, was used as a substitute for glass in Europe. By the 1930s, melamine-formaldehyde resins appeared, which were made from urea. Melamine-formaldehyde resins allow the manufacture of arc-resistant materials, which are resistant to fire, water, and oil. Since then polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, plexiglass and other plastics have appeared. This cannot be said to be the doorway opened by Bakelite. The 20th century is the century of plastics. Review since the emergence of plastics so far a hundred years of history, looking forward to the 21st century, human society will certainly be with the high-speed operation of computers, information and network technology, new energy, aerospace technology, life sciences and other cutting-edge technologies and the emergence of the development of further changes in the human race on the sky and into the ground and under the sea of the activities of the space is bound to be further expanded, and nano plastics, fiber optics, conductive plastics, magnetic plastics, plastic, plastic, plastic, plastic, plastic, plastic, plastic and other more innovative and more innovative. ......, a variety of more novel plastics will make new contributions to the technological progress of mankind. It is believed that human history, which has experienced the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Pottery, Bronze, and Iron Ages, has accelerated the rate of increase in civilization because of plastics. Although in the past century, people have been alarmed by the arrival of the plastic era, but perhaps the new century is the real arrival of the era of plastic, and the past century is only a prelude to the plastic era.