×××× (enterprise name) liquid ammonia (fluorine) leakage safety accident emergency response plan
Written:
Reviewed:
Approved:
1 General
1.1 Preparation Purpose
In order to improve the ability to cope with and dispose of the sudden safety accidents, timely and In order to improve the ability to cope with and deal with sudden safety accidents, timely, orderly, scientific and effective organization of emergency rescue, minimize casualties and property losses, to ensure the safety of enterprises and maintain social stability. In the spirit of "self-help-oriented, unified command, division of responsibility" principle, according to the actual unit, the development of this safety accident emergency plan.
1.2 Scope of application
This plan applies to the unit in the production process of sudden liquid ammonia leakage safety accidents.
2 Basic Information
2.1 Overview of the enterprise
Description: Introduction of the enterprise's founding time, development process and so far; geographic location, covers an area of the surrounding environment and climate; the number of personnel, the number of male and female employees, production shifts and staffing; process, the number of equipment, the main characteristics of the medium and the danger, etc..
2.2 Hazardous targets
Based on the evaluation report of the safety status of the cold storage refrigeration system and the liquid ammonia storage tanks and the equipment inspection report, etc., the following hazardous targets are identified (see Annex 5 for details).
Objective No. 1: xxxxx, there is a danger of xxxxx accident.
Objective No. 2: ××××, there is a danger of ××× accident.
Target No. 3: xxxxx, with xxxxx accident hazards.
......
3Organization
3.1Composition of workshop emergency rescue team:
Team leader: person in charge of the enterprise
Deputy leader: person in charge of safety production, person in charge of the shift
Team members: the person in charge of the shift and the employee on duty Composition.
3.2 Main Duties
3.2.1 Team Leader
(1) Directs the emergency response to the accident, determines the duties of each employee present, and is responsible for rescue, repair, maintenance of order, and logistics.
(2) Organize the rescue of victims, transfer, evacuation, evacuation of people and important property that may be harmed by the accident.
(3) Delineate the warning range of the accident site to prevent the accident hazards from expanding.
(4) If necessary, call the police to 119 or request emergency rescue from the relevant departments, and assist the relevant departments in emergency rescue work.
(5) decide other major emergency rescue matters.
3.2.2 Deputy head
(1) Assist the head of the work.
(2) When the leader of the group is not present, acting as the leader of the duties.
3.2.3 Responsible person on duty
(1) After the accident, identify the cause, rescue the victim, control the accident, and other matters that can be dealt with.
(2) Promptly report to the team leader or deputy team leader.
(3) Receive instructions from the team leader.
3.2.4 Employees on duty
(1) After an accident, rescue victims, control the accident, and other matters that can be handled.
(2) Promptly report to the person in charge of the shift or the deputy or team leader.
(3) Obey the assignment, take active responsibility, and do not evade.
4 Accident Alarm
Anyone in the enterprise, once grasping the signs of a safety accident or the occurrence of a safety accident, should promptly report to the next higher level or to the highest person in charge; if necessary, the person in charge of the enterprise should call the police to 119, and should also report to the relevant departments of the local government, security supervisor, public security, quality supervisor, and environmental protection, etc., by telephone and other forms.
After the occurrence of a security accident, the basic situation of the incident must be reported at the first time. Report content: the name of the enterprise, contact person and contact phone number of the accident; the location and time of the accident (year, month, day, hour, minute); a brief account of the accident, the number of casualties and the scope of the accident; the name of the accident equipment, type, nature, the cause of the preliminary judgment; the accident rescue and treatment and the measures taken; the need for the relevant departments and units to assist in the rescue and treatment of the relevant matters.
5 Emergency Disposal
5.1 Self-disposal
5.1.1 According to the specific circumstances of the accident, the employee on duty, the person in charge of the duty and the person in charge of the enterprise will organize and carry out self-rescue in accordance with the different accident treatment plans formulated to prevent the accident from spreading, eliminate the accident, and report and alarm in time.
5.1.2 If it is necessary to move the objects at the scene for the purpose of rescuing people, controlling the accident, eliminating the accident and resuming the production, the signs should be made, and the original appearance of the scene of the accident should be recorded by taking photos, videos, drawings and other methods in detail, and important traces and exhibits at the scene should be properly preserved.
5.2 Rescue disposal
Difficult to control and eliminate the accident, by external units, government departments to arrive and organize the processing, the person in charge of the enterprise and the staff should actively cooperate; report the accident, the situation of their own disposal, the current situation.
6 Safeguards
6.1 Communication safeguards
Employees on duty, the person in charge of the shift, the person in charge of the duty, the person in charge of the enterprise and the unit should be equipped with the necessary communication equipment and ensure that the communication equipment is in good condition and the contact is smooth. When the contact telephone number changes, should inform each other. Publicize the alarm phone number and the name of the department that should be reported.
6.2 Equipment Protection
Equipped with the necessary personnel rescue, anti-drug, leakage plugging, fire extinguishing and other accident supplies and equipment.
6.3 Knowledge Guarantee
Regular safety training and education accepted and self, to improve safety awareness.
Regular emergency drills for accidents to improve personnel rescue and accident disposal ability.
×××× Year xxx month xxx day
Attachment 1:
Contact number of employees of this unit
Sequence No. Surname Title Handset Residence Phone Remarks
1 Person in charge of the enterprise
2 Person in charge of the shift
3 Person in charge of the duty
4 Person in charge of the duty
. The following is a list of all the staff who are on duty.
Annex 2:
Alarm telephone number
Name Telephone Remarks
Fire 119
Medical and Health 120
Public Security 110
×××Ann Supervision Department
××Quality Supervision Department
××Environmental Protection Department
Annex 3:
.Emergency implementation program:
(1), once the leakage occurs on the site, immediately report it, and at the same time, carry out emergency process treatment to eliminate the leakage.
(2), if the leak is more serious, the staff on duty should immediately report to the production section, engineering section and other departments. Workshop emergency response team to participate in the work of the rescue command team composed of various departments. (3), should immediately isolate the site of the hazardous area, cut off all sources of ignition, stop all operations that may produce sparks. Depending on the situation, quickly evacuate the personnel in the hazardous area to the wind.
(4), the organization of experienced craftsmen and maintenance personnel, correctly equipped with a good air respirator or oxygen respirator to the scene to cut off the source of the leak (in the use of the respirator must pay attention to the integrity). If necessary, the refrigeration machine emergency stop, and to the leakage point spraying a large amount of water to dilute the ammonia leaked.
(5), if the scene of someone fainted poisoning, to be the first to carry out medical treatment.
Appendix 4:
Personnel rescue methods
I. On-site escape:
1. Ammonia leakage should be promptly put on a gas mask. Oceanpower Chemical Forum
2, ammonia is lighter than air, escape should first look at the direction of the wind, along the upwind or side wind direction to escape.
3, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to escape.
Two, on-site rescue
1, the rescuer should do a good job of personal protection, into the accident area rescue personnel, first of all, to do a good job of personal respiratory system and skin protection, wearing a good oxygen respirator or gas mask, protective clothing, rubber gloves.
2, will be ammonia fumigation quickly moved to warm ventilation, pay attention to the casualty body safety, can not be dragged to prevent trauma to the poisoned person.
Three, poisoning first aid:
Rapidly move the poisoned person to the upwind or side wind direction of the air without pollution, unbuttoned and pay attention to warmth and quiet, keep the poisoned person breathing freely, pay attention to the poisoned person's demeanor, respiratory status, circulatory system function and heartbeat changes, and at the same time, use the 2% boric acid water to rinse the mouth of the poisoned person, drink some citric acid juice or 3% lactic acid solution, the poisoning of the severely injured can not take care of themselves. For the injured who can not take care of themselves, they should be allowed to inhale the vapor of 1-2% citric acid solution, and those who are in toxic shock should be quickly undressed for artificial respiration, and give the poisoned person to drink the thicker vinegar. Drinking water is strictly prohibited. After the above treatment of the poisoned person should be quickly sent to the hospital for treatment.
Four, ammonia treatment
1, eyes: do not rub, can open the eyelids with flowing water or 2% boric acid water to rinse the eyes and quickly open and close the eyes, so that the water filled with water in the eyes.
2, for the nasal cavity, throat parts, into the nose drops of 2% boric acid water, and boric acid water gargle, can drink a lot of 0.5% citric acid water or vinegar, so as not to promote the spread of ammonia in the body.
3, for the skin, should take off the ammonia-stained clothes, pants, water and 2% boric acid water to rinse the affected parts, burned skin should be exposed to the air and coated with drugs.
After the above treatment, the person should be quickly sent to the hospital for treatment.
Fifth, artificial respiration method
The best use of mouth-to-mouth respiratory, the method is to rescue the hand cupped the nostrils of the poisoner, blowing to the mouth of the poisoner at a rate of 12-16 times a minute, at the same time can be used with acupuncture acupuncture points to cooperate with the acupuncture points of the person in the middle of the spring, Taichong.
Artificial resuscitation extrathoracic compression method: the patient will be placed flat supine on the hard ground or board, the rescuer in the side of the poisoner or riding across the body of the poisoner, facing the head of the poisoner, with the impact of both hands of the lower part of the thoracic cavity of the poisoned extrusion, 60-70 times a minute, the extrusion should be careful not to use too much force to prevent the poisoner from fracture of the ribs.
Appendix 5:
Accident treatment program
A ammonia compressor leakage accident
1, ammonia compressor leakage accident, the first compressor to cut off the power supply, and immediately shut down the exhaust valve, suction valve (two-stage ammonia compressor should be shut down at the same time the second exhaust valve and the second suction valve), such as refueling, should be closed in time to refueling valve.
2, the machine room should be running all the machines to stop, the operator found the compressor leakage of ammonia immediately stop and according to their location, in the event of an accident when the machine is shut down in the vicinity of the running machine power failure.
3, such as the leakage of ammonia accident is large, can not be close to the accident machine, should be to the outdoor shutdown, shut down immediately after the shutdown of all the oil-ammonia separator inlet valves and suction connected to the accident machine with the low-pressure drum air outlet valve.
4, quickly open the ammonia compressor room all the accident exhaust fan.
5, in dealing with the accident, the leakage of ammonia with a hose spray water parts, so that the ammonia and water dissolution, pay attention to the compressor motor waterproof protection.
Second, the pressure vessel leakage of ammonia accident
To deal with such accidents, the principle is to first take control, so that the accident is no longer expanding, and then take measures to disconnect the accident container and the system, shut down all the valves of the equipment, leakage of ammonia can not be close to the equipment should be taken to shut down the equipment connected to the crosstalk with the valves of other equipment, the leakage of ammonia with water drenching the parts of the container of ammonia in a timely manner, emptying treatment. Belong to such equipment are: oil-ammonia separator, condenser, high-pressure liquid storage tank, intercooling, liquid bucket, oil collector, air bleeder, low-pressure liquid storage tank.
(a) oil-ammonia separator leakage of ammonia
Oil-ammonia separator leakage of ammonia, such as the compressor is running in the work, you should immediately cut off the power supply to the compressor, quickly close the oil separator of the outlet valve, inlet valve, liquid supply valve, drain valve and close the condenser inlet valve, the compressor to the oil-ammonia separator of the exhaust valve.
(B) condenser leakage of ammonia (vertical, horizontal, evaporative condenser)
condenser leakage of ammonia, such as the compressor is in operation, should immediately cut off the power supply to the compressor, quickly close all the high-pressure drum pressure equalization valve and all other condenser pressure equalization, bleeder valves, and then shut down the condenser air inlet valve, liquid valve. When the process permits, the condenser can be depressurized for the accident.
(C) high-pressure storage tank leakage of ammonia
high-pressure storage tank leakage of ammonia, immediately shut down the high-pressure storage tank of the inlet valve, liquid valve, liquid valve, drain valve and other related valves. If the ammonia compressor is in operation, quickly cut off the power supply to the compressor, in the conditions and the environment allows, immediately open the valve associated with the low-pressure container for decompression, liquid discharge, to minimize the loss of ammonia leakage, when the high-pressure storage tank pressure and the low-pressure pressure is the same, should be closed in a timely manner to decompression and liquid discharge valves.
(d) intercooler leakage of ammonia
intercooler leakage of ammonia, when the compressor is in operation, should immediately cut off the power supply of the machine, shut down the compressor of the first exhaust valve, the second suction valve and other equipment connected to the valve, and at the same time to open the drain valve to drain the liquid oil decompression.
(E) low-pressure storage tank leakage of ammonia
Low-pressure storage tank leakage of ammonia, when the system compressor is in operation, you should immediately cut off the compressor power supply, shut down the compressor suction valve, and at the same time, shut down the low-pressure storage tank of the inlet, outlet, equalization of liquid, oil and other related valves, open the ammonia pump inlet, outlet valves and ammonia pumps, the low-pressure storage tank ammonia liquid to the warehouse evaporator to be low-pressure storage tank no liquid in the low-pressure storage tank. When there is no liquid in the storage drum, close the liquid inlet valve of ammonia pump.
(F) discharge bucket leakage
discharge bucket leakage (in the frost, pressurization, drainage, oil work), you should immediately close the discharge bucket of all the valves connected to other equipment, according to the discharge of the bucket of how much the level of liquid to be dealt with. If the amount of liquid is less, open the pressure reducing valve to reduce pressure; if the amount of liquid is more, the bucket should be emptied as soon as possible to reduce the amount of ammonia leakage.
(VII) oil collector leakage of ammonia
The oil collector leakage of ammonia, or in the process of oil discharge, should immediately close the oil collector oil and pressure reducing valve.
(H) bleeder leakage of ammonia
Bleeder leakage of ammonia, should immediately close the mixed gas inlet valve, the liquid supply valve, the return valve, the evaporation return valve.
(ix) equipment glass tube rupture, oil level indicator leakage of ammonia
Equipment glass tube rupture, oil level indicator leakage of ammonia, when the upper and lower side of the popper malfunction, you should immediately shut down the batch indicator on the upper and lower side of the popper angle valves, as early as possible to control the ammonia leakage of large quantities.
(10) ammonia bottle leakage of ammonia
Ammonia bottles belong to the mobile pressure vessel, ammonia bottles must be carried out every two years for a periodic inspection, the use of 12 years should be scrapped. If the bottle wall is found to have cracks, serious corrosion, depression, bulging, deformation and other defects as well as without regular inspection, should be prohibited from use. Leakage of ammonia in the process of adding ammonia, ammonia bottles should be closed immediately out of the liquid valve, ammonia filling station ammonia valve, water drenching leakage of ammonia parts, ammonia bottles quickly pushed away from the site of adding ammonia.
Three, evaporator leakage of ammonia
The evaporator leakage of ammonia library, including chillers, wall exhaust pipe, top exhaust pipe, etc., the principle of treatment: the evaporator should be immediately shut down the liquid supply valve, back to the valve, the hot ammonia valve, the valve, and will be emptied of ammonia in the evaporator in a timely manner.
If in the process of defrost, should immediately close the defrost hot ammonia valve, close the drain valve, open the return valve for depressurization. If in the warehouse cooling process, should immediately close the evaporator liquid supply valve, ammonia pump system stop running.
To determine the leakage of ammonia parts, can do temporary treatment, can play the pipe card to take the pipe card fastening, reduce the amount of ammonia leakage. And open the exhaust fan forced ventilation, minimize the ammonia concentration in the warehouse.
Clear the evaporator ammonia, in the conditions, the environment allows, can take the appropriate pressure, with hot ammonia frost method, the evaporator ammonia discharge back to the discharge bucket, reduce ammonia loss and warehouse air pollution.
Four, the valve leakage of ammonia
Ammonia valve leakage was found, should be quickly closed on both sides of the accident valve the nearest control valve.
If the container on the valve leakage of ammonia, should be closed before the leakage valve closure of the nearest valve, close the container into the liquid, gas and other valves. In the conditions, the environment permits, should quickly open the relevant valve, to the low-pressure system for depressurization of liquid discharge.
When dealing with the leakage accident, the exhaust fan should be turned on for ventilation.
Five, pipeline leakage of ammonia
If found pipeline leakage of ammonia, should be quickly closed on both sides of the accident pipeline the nearest control valve, cut off the source of ammonia. And take the method of temporary playing pipe card, sealing leaks and cracks, and then evacuate the accident site.
Six, ammonia adding device leakage of ammonia (ammonia adding station)
In the process of adding ammonia, ammonia adding device leakage of ammonia, should quickly close the nearest valve of ammonia adding device and ammonia bottles of liquid discharge valve.
Seven, dealing with ammonia leakage accident ammonia discharge
such as container equipment leakage of ammonia, in the case of more ammonia in the container, the container must be discharged into other containers or discharge off the ammonia. The discharge of ammonia is divided into system discharge and discharge to the outside of the system.
Discharge to the system: generally should be taken to the equipment of the drain pipe and discharge pipe discharge, the leakage of ammonia container of ammonia discharged to other containers of lower pressure.
Discharge to the outside of the system, in special circumstances, in order to reduce the accident equipment ammonia leakage, to avoid casualties, the ammonia will be through the tandem equipment oil drain pipe and pressure-resistant rubber hose into the pool to ensure safety. When discharging ammonia liquid or ammonia gas to the outside world, be careful not to open the valve too large, too violent, to prevent the hose connection from falling off, resulting in accidents.
Annex 6:
Equipped with medical, accident handling supplies and equipment
I. Equipped with medical supplies
2% boric acid water, 1-2% citric acid solution, 0.5% citric acid water or vinegar, etc.
II. Equipped with equipment for handling accidents
Gas masks (self-contained positive-pressure respirator, filtered), rubber gloves, Protective boots, anti-static clothing;
Bamboo sticks, wood plugs, lead plugs, wire, special pipe cards, special plug valve leakage apparatus, rubber gaskets, sealing appliances, etc.;
Hammer, pliers, wrenches and so on.
Fire extinguishers, anti-soluble foam, carbon dioxide, sand and other fire-fighting equipment.
Schedule: Commonly used protective equipment
Name Species Common number Spare number
Gas masks Gas masks with the same number of people in the work more than 2
Ammonia canisters
Air respirator positive pressure type more than 2
Protective clothing fully enclosed type more than 2
Protective gloves rubberized vinyl with the operation of the same number of people
Protective gloves rubberized vinyl with the work The same number of people 2 or more
Appendix 7:
Basic knowledge of ammonia
I. Characteristics of ammonia
Ammonia, also known as ammonia (liquid ammonia), the molecular formula of NH3, colorless and transparent gas with a pungent odor, with toxicity. In the standard state, its density is 0.771kg/m3, boiling point at atmospheric pressure is -33.41 ℃, the critical temperature of 132.5 ℃, the critical pressure of 11.48MPa. 1 volume of water at room temperature and pressure can dissolve 900 volumes of ammonia, dissolved ammonia solution is called ammonia, weakly alkaline. Ammonia mixed with air or oxygen can form explosive gases, open flame, high heat can cause combustion and explosion, the lower limit of explosion is 15.7%, the upper limit of explosion is 27.4%, ignition temperature of 651 ℃.
Two, the hazards of ammonia
Ammonia volatility, strong irritation. Low concentration of ammonia on the mucous membrane has an irritating effect, high concentration of ammonia can cause soluble tissue necrosis. Mildly poisoned people appear tearing, sore throat, hoarse voice, cough, sputum, etc.; conjunctiva, nasal mucosa, pharynx congestion, edema; chest X-ray signs consistent with bronchitis or peribronchitis. In moderate poisoning, the above symptoms are aggravated, and respiration is difficult and cyanosis occurs; the chest X-ray sign is consistent with pneumonia or interstitial pneumonia. In severe cases, toxic pulmonary edema may occur, or respiratory distress syndrome, with the patient coughing violently, hemoptysis of a large amount of pink foamy sputum, respiratory distress, delirium, coma, shock and so on. Skin contact with liquid ammonia can cause chemical burns, sores and erosion of the skin. Liquid ammonia splashed into the eyes can cause frostbite, frostbite, and become pale.