In addition, with the impact of resource constraints, capital constraints and rising labor costs, the rise in coal unit logistics costs is inevitable. According to the China Logistics Information Center is expected during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the total amount of coal outbound transportation in China's three western regions will reach 1.5 billion tons, according to which it is projected that by 2019, the total cost of coal logistics in the three western regions will reach 350 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 8.4%.
Transmission of coal into power transmission
The establishment of coal processing bases in important coal production areas, coal processing, processing into related coal products before transportation. Yan Shujun, a senior economist at the China Logistics Information Center, said that power stations can be set up in important coal-producing areas, and coal can be turned into electricity and then transported across the country through the power grid, as well as coal-producing areas where coal-to-oil processing and coal liquefaction projects can be set up. This will not only save a lot of capacity, alleviate the shortage of capacity, but also reduce a lot of transportation costs and losses in the transportation process. From the overall consideration, more coal should be digested locally, changing coal transportation to transporting downstream industrial products, which is also an option to reduce the cost of coal logistics.
At the same time, it is imperative that the modern logistics of coal into the industrialization of the track of development, the establishment of efficient modern logistics system. The development of modern coal logistics, to accelerate the construction of GJ and local emergency coal reserve base, to create a complete coal supply chain, including coal enterprises extracting processing transportation warehousing sales of vertically integrated supply chain, coal power enterprises procurement transportation warehousing and distribution of vertically integrated supply chain, as well as related financial services, e-commerce, logistics enterprises constitute the horizontal integration of the supply chain.
Railway marketization is strengthened
According to the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the coal industry, in 2019, the national demand for coal railroad transportation is 2.6 billion tons. Considering the unevenness of railroads, ports, production, consumption and other links, 2.8-3 billion tons of railroad capacity is needed. Railroad planning coal capacity of 3 billion tons, can basically meet the needs of coal transportation. Among them, the Jin, Shaanxi, Mongolia (West) Ning Gan area transfer out of 1.43 billion tons, the railroad planning coal transportation capacity of about 2 billion tons; Lanxin Railway electrification and Lan Yu Railway was completed and put into operation, can basically meet the demand for coal transportation in Xinjiang.
According to Energy Magazine statistics, the five new coal railroad lines are being built, will bear the corresponding coal transportation capacity. Among them, 1.2 billion tons of Mengxi to Central China Railway, Jianshuo Railway 30 to 50 million tons, Jinzhong South Passage 132 million tons, Junchi line 1.2 billion tons, Juncao line 1.2 billion tons. The total capacity will be 4.8 billion tons.
Of course, with the future release of railroad capacity, its market-oriented reform is more obvious. According to the relevant notice of the GJ Development and Reform Commission, the market-oriented operation of the quasi-pool railroad is based on the further opening of the Baoshen Railway freight prices. According to the experimental effect, following the Junchi Railway, other railroad projects invested by social capital may also gradually obtain independent pricing rights. In the 12th China International Coal Conference GJ Safety Supervision and Administration of the second deputy director Hou Jinglei said that with the advancement of the market-oriented reform of railroad freight transport, the price of railroad freight transport under the guidance of the government will show an upward trend. At the same time, road transport, water transport on the competitiveness of rail transportation will gradually emerge, freight market competition will be more fully.
Compared to other modes of transportation, due to the obvious advantages of rail freight, was pinned high hopes, but the current growth of rail transportation shows a downward trend. Development and Reform Commission website data show that from January to February this year, the whole society completed 6.82 billion tons of freight, an increase of 7.5%, the railroad completed 634 million tons, a decline of 3.1%, in the railroads, highways, waterways, shipping four modes of transport, the only railroad freight traffic appeared to be a year-on-year decline.
The new trade ecosystem
Compared with the previous coal supply chain, this situation has changed * in the Internet period. In the view of Li Hongguo, chairman of the Northeast Asia Coal Exchange, the original coal trade model lies in the optimization of the coal supply chain to reduce costs and improve efficiency. But now in the Internet environment, this optimization has not been so full, especially in the market pressure is getting bigger and bigger, so there is a trade model of * innovation. This * sexual innovation lies in the go to the middle, the Internet is to go to the middle, remove the intermediate links to reduce the pressure of time and environment.
In the platform of the Internet environment, the original logistics are for their own trade services, the original financial are for their own trade services, so the development is not up, because the logistics are subject to their own trade volume, financial are subject to their own financial needs. Under the network platform, logistics enterprises are not for their own services, but for social services, their own ability will be revealed, financial services is the same, when the enterprise is not for their own limited trade services, their own logistics and finance will have greater opportunities for development. Therefore, this new specialized logistics platform in the next 30 to 50 years, must be a sunrise industry.
Strengthening logistics informatization
In the future, GJ will support enterprises to promote the application of advanced logistics technology, accelerate the construction of coal logistics informatization, improve the coal logistics standard system, and promote the upgrading of the coal logistics industry. Advanced coal logistics technology and equipment, in the main coal transportation corridor to promote the application of heavy-duty special vehicles and related supporting technology and equipment, the use of energy-saving and environmental protection technology to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution in all aspects of coal logistics.
In the view of many industry insiders, the future should be integrated with the public **** logistics information resources, coal logistics information **** enjoy, provide specialized information services for logistics enterprises. This will be more able to promote logistics enterprises and coal production and consumption enterprises information docking, data exchange, and cultivate a number of competitive logistics information service enterprises. Yan Shujun also said that in the process of promoting logistics informatization, to better research and development of coal logistics technology, equipment, products, transactions and other related standards, improve the logistics standardization system. At the same time, encourage enterprises to adopt standardized logistics measurement, logistics equipment and facilities, information systems and operating procedures to improve the level of standardization of coal logistics.
Coal logistics
According to the GJ Coal Logistics Development Plan, it will accelerate the construction of rail and water transportation channels and collection and transportation systems, improve the network of direct railroads and rail-water intermodal logistics corridors, enhance the capacity of coal transportation, and reduce the long-distance transfer of coal road.
Railway corridor
Accelerate the construction of Mengxi to central China, Zhangjiakou to Tangshan, south-central Shanxi, Xilinhot to Ulanhot, Bayan Wula to Xinqiu, Xilinhot to Duo Lun to Fengning and other coal transportation corridors, to further enhance the Jin, Shaanxi, Mongolia, Ningxia and Gan coal transportation capacity. Strengthen the set of passes, Shuo Huang, Ningxi, Han long, Hanji, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Kowloon, Beijing-Shanghai, Hukun and other existing channel reconstruction or point line capacity supporting the construction of the project. Accelerate the construction of Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway, the implementation of electrification of Lanzhou-New Zealand line to improve the capacity of Xinjiang coal transportation. Accelerate the promotion of border railroads and other infrastructure construction, to provide convenient access to imported coal.
Water Transportation Channel
Combined with the construction of railroad coal transportation channel, to promote the construction of coal loading docks in the major northern launching ports, the corresponding construction of the coast, along the river (river) public receiving and transferring docks. Accelerate the construction of waterways in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Xijiang River, promote the standardization of inland waterway vessels, and increase the capacity of inland waterway transportation. Strengthen the construction of coastal, river (river) port collection and transportation system, and realize the seamless connection between railroads and ports.
Large coal storage and distribution bases
The bases of ChangZhuTan, Poyang Lake, Pan-Wuhan, Central Plains and Chengdu-Chongqing will focus on strengthening the construction of coal storage and distribution capacity to ensure stable supply. Bohai Rim and Shandong Peninsula bases, focusing on strengthening coal distribution and launching capacity construction. The Yangtze River Delta, Hercynian, Pearl River Delta, and Beibu Gulf bases focus on strengthening port handling and distribution capacity construction.
At the same time that GJ is pushing for logistics, coal logistics enterprises should integrate coal logistics resources, develop large-scale modern coal logistics enterprises, and promote the scale and intensive development of coal logistics in accordance with the modern logistics management model. Encourage large coal enterprises to give full play to their own advantages, divest their logistics business and develop specialized coal logistics. In coal production and consumption centers and major transit areas, coal logistics parks with storage, processing, distribution and other functions will be built. Encourage coal enterprises, coal enterprises and related enterprises to jointly set up third-party logistics companies, the development of large-scale modern coal logistics enterprises, and promote the scale and intensification of coal logistics. This will better reduce transportation costs and improve coal transportation efficiency.
2. Cost Analysis Report
At present, the environment for the survival and development of the hospital is facing unprecedented and huge changes, the hospital from the financial full draw transition to a differential draw, and gradually move towards the market. At the same time, with the development of the market economy, the scope of the patient's medical treatment has a greater choice of space. Hospitals to compete in the market in a favorable position, not only to improve the quality of medical care, but also to reduce medical prices. Therefore, constantly reduce hospital operating costs is to improve the competitiveness of the hospital key, the operating cost depends on the hospital cost accounting.
First, the concept of hospital costing
Hospital costing refers to the hospital to follow certain costing standards, the process of medical services occurring in the control of human, material and financial resources, the effective configuration of limited . Health resources, to provide decision-making information for hospital management.
Second, the hospital cost accounting system
1, healthy and sound cost accounting organization. Hospital cost accounting is an important part of the hospital's economic management, which involves the hospital departments, sections and each employee's personal interests, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the cost accounting work, the hospital should establish an orderly cost accounting organization, from the accounting center, departments, teams should be equipped with full-time or part-time accountant, to form a top-to-bottom, from the leadership of the staff, from the administration and logistics of the clinical departments, the whole hospital, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system, the cost accounting system. Mutual cooperation of the cost accounting system.
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