1, the building in accordance with the nature of its use, usually can be divided into:
First, productive buildings: industrial buildings, agricultural buildings industrial buildings: for the production of various types of building services, can also be called plant buildings, such as production workshops, auxiliary workshops, power houses, storage buildings, etc.. Plant buildings can be divided into two categories: single-story plant and multi-story plant. Agricultural buildings: for agriculture, livestock production and processing with buildings, such as greenhouses, livestock and poultry farms, grain and feed processing stations, agricultural machinery repair stations.
Second, productive buildings: civil buildings.
2, civil building classification
(1) in accordance with the use of civil building function classification: residential buildings, public **** building
Residential buildings: mainly refers to the provision of family and collective living with buildings, such as houses, apartments, villas, dormitories.
Public **** building: mainly refers to the provision of people to carry out a variety of social activities in the building, including: administrative office buildings: institutions, enterprises and institutions of the office building.
Cultural and educational buildings: schools, libraries, palaces of culture and so on.
Nursery buildings: nursery schools, kindergartens and so on.
Scientific research buildings: research institutes, scientific experiment buildings, etc.
Medical buildings.
Medical buildings: hospitals, outpatient clinics, sanatoriums and so on.
Commercial buildings: stores, malls, shopping centers, etc.
Observation buildings: cinemas, theaters, shopping centers, etc.
Sports buildings: gymnasiums, stadiums, gyms, swimming pools, etc.
Hotel buildings: hotels, guest houses, guest houses, etc.
Transportation buildings: airports, waterway passenger terminals, train stations, bus stations, subway stations, etc.
Communication and broadcasting buildings: telecommunications buildings, radio and television stations, post and telecommunications offices.
Garden buildings: parks, zoos, botanical gardens, pavilions and so on.
Memorial buildings: memorial halls, monuments, mausoleums and so on.
Other buildings: such as prisons, police stations, fire stations.
(2) in accordance with the size of the civil building classification: a large number of buildings, large buildings.
A large number of buildings: refers to the building scale is not large, but the construction of a large number of closely related to people's lives; the distribution of a wide range of buildings. Such as residential, primary and secondary schools, hospitals, small and medium-sized theaters, small and medium-sized factories.
Large-scale buildings: refers to the large-scale, costly buildings. Such as large stadiums, large theaters, airports, railway stations, museums, large factories and so on.
(3) according to the civil building layer classification: low-rise buildings, multi-storey buildings, high-rise buildings, high-rise buildings, ultra-high-rise.
Low-rise buildings: refers to 1 to 3-story buildings.
Multi-storey buildings: refers to 4 to 6-storey buildings.
Medium-high-rise buildings: refers to 7 to 9-story buildings.
High-rise building: refers to residential buildings with more than 10 floors.
The total height of public **** buildings and comprehensive buildings exceeds 24 meters for high-rise. Ultra-high-rise buildings: when the height of the building exceeds 100 meters, regardless of residential or public **** buildings are ultra-high-rise.
(4) according to the main load-bearing structural materials: wood buildings, brick buildings, brick-concrete buildings, reinforced concrete buildings, steel buildings, other structural buildings.
Second, the construction project contractors should have what the basic conditions
First, the social conditions
Construction companies in the construction project before the construction of social conditions, to do the "three investigations" and "three understandings:
1, investigate the social conditions of the construction project, to do the "three investigations" and "three understandings:
1, the investigation of the project location of transportation conditions.
2, the investigation of the project location of labor resources.
3, the investigation of the construction site of the industrial situation
In the good "three investigations" on the basis of the "three understandings":
1, the leadership of the construction enterprises to understand the basic knowledge and the development and change of the law of the socialist market economy. Basic knowledge and the laws of development and change.
2, as the leader of the construction enterprise also understand the construction market in the WTO rules of operation.
3. To understand the situation around the construction site.
Second, the material conditions
The material conditions of the construction project before construction, it mainly includes the following five aspects:
1, the funds of the construction project. Funds for construction projects should be put in place in advance, construction investment program plan task book, engineering design drawings, engineering project list and design estimates, construction drawings budget and construction project financial resources, material resources, plans and other documents and information should be approved.
2, construction project local building materials. Brick, tile, ash, sand, stone and other local materials, is the bulk of building materials used in construction projects, its quality, price, supply situation, etc., on the construction of a great impact.
3, components and accessories. Each construction project components and accessories are a large amount of
4, steel and iron parts. Before the start of civil construction work, arrangements should be made for the steel bar to be discharged, making prefabricated steel structures and iron parts processing.
5, construction engineering equipment. There are a lot of operational equipment for large construction projects, usually prepared by the construction unit. If the general contracting of construction and installation works. Some of the construction unit also needs to be prepared early.
Third, the construction steps of the construction project
1, there has been a construction permit;
2, the labor department's permit (team equipment, employment contracts, insurance, etc.);
3, environmental protection department issued by the sanitation permit, dry sound pollution;
4, safety supervision department of equipment safety procedures;
5, please the planning department to put the line
6, under the foundation; if it is the case of excavation is, digging to the required depth, subject to quality supervision department to check the trench;
7, masonry foundation;
8, backfill earth;
9, pouring floor (circle) beams, leaving a good outdoor pipelines through the hole;
10, masonry wall, and at the same time, leaving good door and window openings;
11, pouring doors and windows over the beam, the whole circle beam;
12, pouring the first floor slab;
13, the same method of wall masonry required height, (number of floors);
14, waterproofing and thermal insulation of the roof
15, indoor traversal of the pipeline; according to the installation of windows and doors, outdoor stucco;
16, indoor stucco;
17, Staircase installation;
18, the installation of kitchen, bath, appliances;
19, connected to the power supply, the relevant lines;
20, self-inspection - will be inspected - acceptance
21, delivery and use.