Photoreaction
Conditions: light, pigment, photoreactive enzyme
Place: on the cystic structure film
Influencing factors: light Intensity, water supply
Two absorption peaks of plant photosynthesis
The absorption peak process of chlorophyll a and b: two sets of photosynthetic systems on the chloroplast membrane: photosynthetic system one and light Synthetic system two, (photosynthetic system one is more primitive than photosynthetic system two, but electron transfer starts in photosynthetic system two). Under the condition of light, it absorbs photons with wavelengths of 680nm and 700nm respectively. As energy, it will be transferred from water molecules During the photolysis light path, electrons are continuously transferred (only a few chlorophyll a in a special state can transfer electrons)
Finally, they are transferred to the coenzyme NADP. The hydrogen ions obtained from the photolysis of water move outward from the thylakoid to the matrix through the protein complex on the thylakoid membrane along the concentration difference, and the potential energy is reduced. The potential energy during this period is used to synthesize ATP for use in the dark reaction. At this time, the hydrogen ions whose potential energy has been reduced are taken away by the hydrogen carrier NADP. One molecule of NADP can carry two hydrogen ions. This NADPH+H ion acts as a reducing agent in the dark reaction.
Meaning: 1: Photolysis of water (also known as photolysis of water) to produce oxygen. 2: Convert light energy into chemical energy, produce ATP, and provide energy for dark reactions. 3: Utilize hydrogen ions, the product of water photolysis, to synthesize NADPH+H ions to provide the reducing agent H (reducing hydrogen) for the dark reaction.
There is oxygen
Answer: Rice 0704 - Jianghu Rookie Level 5 11-4 12:14
I think the key to this question is the conditions. The first type provides sufficient sunlight and NaHCO3, which satisfies the conditions for the light reaction and dark reaction of photosynthesis, so oxygen will be produced to make the leaves rise. The second time there was no NaHCO3, which seemed not to affect the progress of the dark reaction, but it was not. In the light reaction, water is photolyzed to produce oxygen, and the potential energy is used to synthesize ATP for use in the dark reaction. The ATP here is an indispensable condition for the dark reaction. Therefore, if the light reaction cannot proceed, the dark reaction cannot proceed due to lack of reaction conditions. So the leaves will not float up!
Answer: susansunjie - Trainee Magician Level 3 11-5 13:24
Do you mean that the light reaction of photosynthesis can (continuously) proceed without the dark reaction? But the two are related. Only when the dark reaction continuously consumes the NADPH and ATP produced during the light reaction, and the produced NADP+, ADP, and Pi can continuously provide raw materials for the light reaction (these substances in the chloroplast are limited and undergo mutual transformation), making photosynthesis possible. The light reaction continues, so that enough oxygen can be produced in the spaces between the mesophyll cells to make the leaves float. If the dark reaction cannot provide those substances for the light reaction, the light reaction of photosynthesis will also be blocked, and enough oxygen will not be produced to make the leaves float. That's it. For reference only!
Answer: 0000lxp - Trial Period Level 11-5 17:28
Photosynthesis (Photosynthesis) is the use of chlorophyll by plants, algae and certain bacteria under the irradiation of visible light , a biochemical process that converts carbon dioxide and water into organic matter and releases oxygen. Plants are called producers of the food chain because they can use inorganic matter to produce organic matter and store energy through photosynthesis. Through consumption, consumers in the food chain can absorb the energy stored in plants, with an efficiency of about 30%. For nearly all organisms in the biological world, this process is key to their survival. Photosynthesis is essential for the carbon and oxygen cycle on Earth.
Traditional definition
Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into starch, which is used as a source of food for plants and animals. Since chloroplasts are where plants carry out photosynthesis, chloroplasts can be said to be the medium through which sunlight transmits life.
(1) Principle
Plants are different from animals in that they do not have a digestive system, so they must rely on other ways to absorb nutrients. They are so-called autotrophs.
For green plants, during the sunny day, they will use the energy of sunlight to perform photosynthesis to obtain the nutrients necessary for growth and development.
The key players in this process are the internal chloroplasts. Under the action of sunlight, chloroplasts convert the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf through the stomata and the water absorbed by the roots into glucose, and at the same time releases oxygen:
CO2+H2O→C(H2O)n+O2+H2O
(3) Light reaction and dark reaction (called dark reaction in high school biology textbooks, and also called carbon reaction in some places)
Photosynthesis can be divided into light reaction and dark reaction. Two steps of dark reaction
(4) Light reaction
Conditions: light, pigment, light reaction enzyme
Place: on the cystic structure film
Influencing factors: light intensity, water supply
Two absorption peaks of plant photosynthesis
The absorption peak process of chlorophyll a and b: two sets of photosynthesis on the chloroplast membrane Action system: photosynthetic system one and photosynthetic system two, (photosynthetic system one is more primitive than photosynthetic system two, but electron transfer starts first in photosynthetic system two). In the case of light, they absorb photons with wavelengths of 680nm and 700nm respectively. , as energy, electrons will be continuously transferred from the photolysis light path of water molecules (only a few chlorophyll a in a special state can transfer electrons)
Finally transferred to the coenzyme NADP. The hydrogen ions obtained from the photolysis of water move outward from the thylakoid to the matrix through the protein complex on the thylakoid membrane along the concentration difference, and the potential energy is reduced. The potential energy during this period is used to synthesize ATP for use in the dark reaction. At this time, the hydrogen ions whose potential energy has been reduced are taken away by the hydrogen carrier NADP. One molecule of NADP can carry two hydrogen ions. This NADPH+H ion acts as a reducing agent in the dark reaction.
Meaning: 1: Photolysis of water (also known as photolysis of water) to produce oxygen. 2: Convert light energy into chemical energy, produce ATP, and provide energy for dark reactions. 3: Utilize hydrogen ions, the product of water photolysis, to synthesize NADPH+H ions to provide the reducing agent H (reducing hydrogen) for the dark reaction.
(5) Dark reaction (carbon reaction)
Essentially it is a series of enzymatic reactions
Conditions: no light is acceptable, dark reaction enzyme (but Because only light reactions can continue to occur, they are no longer called dark reactions)
Place: chloroplast matrix
Influencing factors: temperature, carbon dioxide concentration
Process: Different plants have different dark reaction processes, and the anatomical structures of their leaves are also different. This is the result of plants adapting to their environment. Dark reactions can be divided into three types: C3, C4 and CAM. The three types are distinguished by differences in the process of carbon dioxide fixation.
C3 reaction type: Plants inhale CO2 from the outside into the cells through stomata, and enter the chloroplasts through free diffusion. Chloroplasts contain C5. It plays the role of fixing CO2 into C3. C3 then reacts with the energy provided by H and ATP to generate sugar (CHO) and reduce C5. The reduced C5 continues to participate in the dark reaction.
(6) Relevant chemical equations reflected by light and dark
H20→H+ O2 (photolysis of water)
NADP+ + 2e- + H+ → NADPH ( Hydrogen transfer)
ADP+Pi→ATP (energy transfer)
CO2+C5 compound→C3 compound (fixation of carbon dioxide)
C3 compound→(CH2O ) + C5 compound (generation of organic matter or reduction of C3)
ATP→ADP+PI (energy consumption)
Energy conversion process: light energy → unstable chemical energy (Energy is stored in the high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP) → Stable chemical energy (synthesis of sugars, i.e. starch)
Answer: a001lx - Trial Period Level 11-7 17:11 Category Rising Expert Ranking List
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