(Guest speaker: Liu Qiang, vice president of China Material Recycling Association)
Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon to you all!
I have been commissioned by the China Material Recycling Association to make a report to you on the situation of China's material recycling industry. China's waste materials recycling work, that is, we usually speak of renewable resources, this work has been more than 50 years of history. April 28, 1954, approved by Comrade Deng Xiaoping, in the Central People's Government, the State Council, the Financial Services Commission set up a waste materials recycling bureau, from this point on China's waste materials this industry was formally declared the birth of the industry. At present, China is engaged in the recycling of renewable resources recycling enterprises, we count about 80,000 or so. Recycling processing factories have more than six thousand. There are about 200,000 recycling outlets. Practitioners reached nearly ten million people. The vast majority of them are engaged in individual and private recycling, bearing 80% of the recycling volume of the entire renewable resources market. First of all, I'll give a brief overview of the industry.
The total amount of waste materials recycled during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan was 400 million tons. The average annual recycling volume is about 80 million tons. The average annual growth rate of more than 12%. The total value of the main waste materials recycling more than 650 billion members, the average annual growth rate of more than 20%. In this, scrap iron and steel scrap nonferrous metals have a large import volume. The main waste materials mentioned above is about 130 million tons, and the average annual import volume is 24.5 million tons. The average annual increase exceeded more than 20%. Among them, 45.3 million tons of imported iron and steel scrap, the average annual growth rate of more than 5%, the latter three years more than 15%. Fat non-ferrous metals average annual growth rate of 18%, waste plastics annual growth rate of more than 20%. The growth rate is very fast, especially during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. Especially from 2003 to 2005, especially after this year, the growth rate is very fast.
The second is the situation of domestic recycling and utilization. In terms of recycling, China's domestic recycling system is characterized by a multi-sectoral vertical management. Before the mid-1980s, there were two major systems: the state-run material system and the commercial collectively owned purchasing system. There was also a part of spontaneous recycling auxiliary units organized by some industrial enterprises themselves. But not the mainstream. It can be said that the recycling network throughout the country. At that time, the recycling industry was managed as a special industry. It needed a special industry license and certain qualification requirements. In the late eighties, the original recycling system, due to the function of the higher competent ministry of the conversion, part of the recycling enterprise gradually form. Coupled with the opening of the market, the influx of a large number of private enterprises, operating costs relative to the erection, relatively low, and more efficient, these enterprises began to appear. Multi-sectoral vertical management system is a product of the planned economy. For the extensive development of waste materials recycling system, saving resources to protect the environment and prevent pollution has played a positive and promote the role. But the use of recycled materials, as a system, industry, multi-sectoral, independent, can not form an overall advantage of scale, but also not the effective use of resources and comprehensive protection. This is one of the characteristics of the old system.
Features of the second is the recycling work in urban areas involved in the municipal, environmental protection, health, urban management and many other administrative units directly or indirectly management, including approval, supervision, inspection and recycling of the whole process or segmented management, there are many administrative units set up under the management of the company, such as sanitation units, municipal units of the city management units, in their respective jurisdictions to carry out recycling of recycled materials, recycling. The management of recycling materials is carried out in their respective jurisdictions. This situation above both the existence of management functions on the hand * and tug of war, is not conducive to recycling, saving the effective operation of tapping potential.
There is also a mode of multi-level to carry out the operation of waste materials. Approved and scrapped machinery and equipment, basically according to three ways to deal with. The first is handled by the state and provincial and municipal security, the designated unit of classification and recycling. The second by their own independent outlets for recycling and utilization, there are also industry during the enterprise between the delivery of related enterprises recycling and utilization. Multi-level and multi-form market contracting forms, including collective, individual, private joint venture business mechanism, due to the waste materials industry market is very weak, the backwardness of the development of relevant regulations and standards, the emergence of a chaotic management of the transaction, the quality of the personnel is low, and the related pollution is serious and other issues. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the state proposed to improve the efficiency of resource utilization, the establishment of a conservation-oriented society, social friendly society, all over the country to take action to conserve resources recycling up to alleviate the emerging industries, has established a number of renewable resources recycling demonstration parks, play a leading role. Currently the relevant state ministries and commissions have embarked on the establishment of a scientific recycling system work. After the original backward market drawbacks, will usher in the scientific utilization of recycling resources of the period.
China's recycling resources utilization in recent years only obvious progress, due to the late start, the starting point is low, in the past two decades are basically low level. In addition, incidents of environmental pollution have been repeatedly exposed by the media, bringing about a great deal of negative social impact. The poor business environment, many enterprises for further development, the enthusiasm of capital investment is very low, but also inhibit the growth of enterprises. As the recycling aspect of renewable resources enjoys certain conditions, while the utilization conditions are not equal to the same environment, the image of the industry has not been effectively improved. This is reflected in the ranks of dynamic private enterprises. As a result of the secondary recycling of resources there is waste, such as the individual establishment of the recycling point exists in the following situation, to manual labor to table workshop type processing, open-air operation open management, labor intensity, the lack of basic safety and health conditions. At the expense of the natural ecological environment and human health, the emission of harmful wastewater, waste gas, waste acid. Counterfeit and poisonous products are processed, and the market transaction is chaotic, which has a bad influence. The establishment of recycling and dismantling processing centers based on the outskirts of cities or urban-rural junctions has brought about a great impact on the environmental protection work of cities. In recent years, due to increased efforts to rectify, the environmental awareness of society as a whole, the state advocates environmental construction to encourage the renewable resources industry, part of the industry's initial completion of the original accumulation of enterprises. A number of good management, advanced equipment, enterprises began to operate on a large scale, in some areas of the formation of a professional park. Renewable resources industry began to show vitality. For example, Shanghai's Xingge Aluminum, Jiangsu's Shunda Aluminum and so on, not only large-scale, but also advanced environmental protection facilities, market purchasing and sales stability, and become the industry's leading enterprises. In the construction of renewable resources processing parks, Tianjin Zi Ya environmental protection enterprises and so on in saving, energy saving, improve protection and so on have set an example.
Third is the international procurement of waste materials has a more common saying. One-third of the nation's waste procurement is in China. Every day in all corners of the world, the Chinese are collecting waste for trade processing and disposal. Reflecting China's own large-scale recycling period before the arrival of China's demand for resources. China's sourcing regions are concentrated in North America, Europe and Asia. Procurement of varieties in addition to some of the provisions of the species can not be imported, mainly concentrated in the scrap steel, waste plastic, waste paper. Imported plastics in the last three years, the magnitude of the larger, more than 20%.
Scrap iron and steel, Eleventh Five-Year average annual output of scrap iron and steel recycling rate of 90%. 2004 China's crude steel output of the use of scrap steel volume proportion of 19.8, lower than the rate of foreign use of scrap steel. Steelmaking use of the amount of 33 million tons of scrap, the rate of scrap utilization of 19%, from the domestic recycling of scrap iron and steel, in addition to the annual need for a large amount of scrap. The source of scrap steel and automobile dismantling industry, there are currently 367 enterprises engaged in dismantling end-of-life automobiles. In 2005, there were about 15 million automobiles in the country. Because of the domestic scrapping of the ship is small, mainly rely on * imports, in recent years, China purchased about 15 million scrap ship. Recycled non-ferrous metal production in 2004 reached 3.2 million tons. Accounting for 22% of the total amount of non-ferrous metals in the same period, the level of recycling has been further improved, 60% of the copper raw materials, 50% of the aluminum raw materials, 40% of the lead raw materials have to rely on * imports. Scrap aluminum generation accounted for 26% of consumption, scrap lead generation accounted for 40% of consumption. In addition waste paper in China's market demand for waste paper products is also expanding, growing rapidly. Consumption from 14.3 million tons in 1990, increased to 30 million tons in 1999. Expected to reach 58 million tons in 2005, 2020 will be close to 100 million tons, the dependence of waste paper imports is the highest among all imports. In recent years due to the rapid growth in consumer demand, waste paper has become an important alternative to paper raw materials in the role of resources, prompting a new growth in the amount of waste paper recycling, recycling utilization rate has also improved significantly. Annual average of 32%, to 38% in 2010. Waste paper raw materials used in China are mostly foreign imports of waste paper-based, mainly because of domestic recycling is difficult to meet the needs of enterprise production. At the same time the recovery of waste paper classification rough, good and bad complex, non-material classification is higher, affecting the quality of paper. The United States is the largest exporter of paper. Non-electronic products, China is the production and consumption of electronic products and home appliances in large countries, according to survey statistics, in 2005, refrigerators, television sets air conditioners washing machines computers and other five major home appliances and electronic products social holdings *** counted 1,457 million units, most of which are in the mid- to late-80th century to enter the public's homes. Calculated on the basis of normal use, these products have long been at the end of the period. The number of these electronic products for a comprehensive end-of-life of 70-80 million units. Improve the use of electronic waste, harmless treatment, separation of renewable resources has a very important practical significance.
Again, there are more prominent problems in the industry. The first is that the laws and regulations are not sound, supporting the policy is not supporting the need for scientific development of the industry's relevant provisions. The second is that the original policy is suspected of being outdated, many policies are obsolete. The third industry resources still need a considerable period of progress. The fourth is the transformation of enterprise technology and equipment still need to be supported by the state to give policy.
Finally, there are some suggestions, under the guidance of the sustainable development strategy, adhere to the principle of circular economy for recycling companies and outlets in accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system through the management of information technology, quality of service, diversification of channels, orderly market, diversification of property rights, the operation of the linkage to the formation of a large-scale industrial chain. Strengthening legislation, sound legal system, China has established a series of laws and regulations such as Environmental Protection Law, Fixed Waste Pollution Environmental Protection Law, Water Pollution Environment Law, Mineral Resources Law, Energy Conservation Law, Government Procurement Law, etc., and has done a lot of legislative work and made great achievements in nature and environment. This has contributed greatly to the prevention and control of environmental pollution, the comprehensive utilization of resources, the recycling of waste, and the development of a circular economy. Accelerate the construction of a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, improve the implementation of policies in place, through deepening the reform of the adjustment and implementation of progressive policies, improve the price formation mechanism, strengthen the charging mechanism, elimination of dirty small workshops, small businesses, corporate renewable resources towards institutional development, relying on * science and technology to continue to move forward and continue to innovate. Science and technology is to accelerate the process of industrialization of renewable resources driving force, is the fundamental way to develop a circular economy, in recent years in improving the efficiency of resource utilization, improve the recycling of renewable resources, technology has made some breakthroughs, but the overall view is still relatively lagging behind. In particular, the recycling of renewable resources and processing and production process technology level has been repeated at a low level. Therefore, in order to improve the utilization efficiency and quality of renewable resources, it is necessary to adopt high technology content, high value-added deep processing technology, system integration of innovation. Promote the typical enterprises with demonstration leading role, in order to vigorously develop the circular economy, accelerate the process of industrialization of renewable resources, in the recycling of waste metals on the basis of the results achieved, and further development of waste paper, waste plastics, waste rubber and waste household appliances recycling, through the pilot to explore the recycling of renewable resources and the use of the operating rules for renewable resources, the direction of the level of renewable resources industrialization to provide experience for the extension of the industry's development Lay the foundation. Thank you all