We often hear people say that someone is knowledgeable and someone is not. The word "knowledge" is scary. It can knock people down, or they can be knocked down by it. But what is knowledge? Everyone has different opinions. It is said that I am an uneducated person, and I am often challenged in the air by the sharp-eyed revolutionary young generals. But I have never eaten pork and I have seen pigs run away. Since the time when the two locust trees sandwiched the well, I have had many interactions with all kinds of learned people, big and small, both true and false, so I am not immune to the word "knowledge". I have a few personal humble opinions, and I will give them to the Fang family here. To be "learned", a person must first "know a lot of things." That is, knowing more and hearing more. Some intellectuals know very few things. They can't even change a lightbulb. They haven't even heard of Teresa Teng. They can't even tell the difference between leeks and celery. They are not ashamed. Instead, they claim to be "scholars" and think that those who are well-informed People are "not doing their jobs properly". According to this logic, idiots are the most "business-minded" people. The more knowledge they have, the more reactionary they become. This is really the degradation of knowledge and the tragedy of civilization. The "knowledge and knowledge" mentioned here can mean "knowing things in many fields." For example, Confucius knew everything from worship etiquette to driving and archery. He understood both military affairs and "political economics." This is called "Guangbo". Many people today, when they see someone as a professor in the Department of Mathematics, assume that he must not understand architecture. This is the ignorance of modern people. When I was in college, my friend from the mathematics department studied Sartre and Freud all day long, and he didn't delay his PhD studies. This is the advantage of a comprehensive university. Without a certain degree of "knowledge", there is no knowledge at all. In addition, being knowledgeable can also mean "knowing more than others in a certain specialized field", which is called "expertise". For example, we all have some medical knowledge, but a doctor knows more than the average person, so he is "more knowledgeable" than us in the medical field. Even if he had a medical accident, he was still more knowledgeable than us laymen. Never bark at a great writer after discovering a typo, belittle his personality, and feel that he is inferior to you. There are too many such shallow young people nowadays. Another example is Liu Xinwu's lecture on "Dream of Red Mansions". Many people called him a wild fox Zen and scolded him for being ignorant. In fact, Liu Xinwu's research may be weaker than those of senior red scholars, and his approach may not be correct. After all, he is a writer, but Liu Xinwu is better than ordinary people. Are Chinese college students knowledgeable? I think his familiarity with "Dream of Red Mansions" is better than that of many classical literature teachers. Liu Xinwu can at least be called an expert on "Dream of Red Mansions". It should be noted that breadth and expertise are not opposites. Some people can be expert in multiple fields. This was often the case with the ancients and many modern people as well. Therefore, you must not think that the sofa made by a blacksmith is inferior to that of a carpenter. For masters such as Foucault and Barthes, can we say which major they were in? A person who is more specialized in a certain field must also know more about adjacent fields. For example, a major scholar in literature, history and philosophy should have a doctorate or at least a master's degree in literature, language, history, philosophy, religion, art, psychology, society, politics, economics and other aspects. Therefore, we, little accomplished scholars, have no reason to be proud. We are still far from being true masters. If an undergraduate from the physics department casually lectures a professor from the chemistry department on physics issues, it would be unreasonable and "frivolous". Secondly, knowing more and hearing more can be regarded as “learning”. But just knowing a lot of things is not enough to be considered “learned”. Taxi drivers in Beijing know a lot of things, from Zhongnanhai to Babaoshan. Some drivers are more knowledgeable than bureau chiefs and professors from other provinces, but most of them cannot be called "learned." Why? Because what you know must be digested and organized into systematic "knowledge" before it can be called "knowledge". In the words of ordinary people, you have to "tell one thing after another." Some people were nicknamed "Zhang Dawen" and "Li Dawen" because their conversation was more systematic and the information they mastered was connected into a system.
Many of today's cool critics and young and old men who use scolding as heroes are actually caused by their eagerness to show their "knowledge". Today I scold Qian Zhongshu, and tomorrow I scold Cha Liangyong. I don’t want to think about how many bowls of dry rice I have eaten, and I will just hover over other people’s rice bowls like flies. Such "knowledge" often exposes one's own ignorance and incompetence. Based on the plot of Confucius reciting Tang poetry in one of my absurd works, a scholar once cursed, "Kong Qingdong doesn't even understand basic historical knowledge and is an embarrassment to Peking University." I could only smile bitterly: What an embarrassment to Peking University. Many people envy Lu Xun's profound and sophisticated insights in his essays, and think that he can write essays if he "dare to fight and rush". They don't know that Lu Xun has accumulated decades of talent and learning, and he can write such unprecedented essays. In terms of bravery and sharpness, can today's young revolutionary generals surpass the level of the big-character posters during the Cultural Revolution? Why did big-character posters take off so quickly? If you don’t have talent, you can’t learn the basics. Therefore, complete knowledge should include several parts: talent, learning, and knowledge. In order to acquire talent, learning, and knowledge, several character qualities such as morality, justice, and courage are needed. That is another question. ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Philosophical Essay: Knowledge is the green grass in the wilderness Online Jiangsheng knowledge is the flash of life inspiration, the bits of mantra escaping from the vast chapters, and knowledge is the weeds in the wilderness. In the inaccessible wilderness, when you occasionally see one or two wild grasses that are full of vitality, you may be surprised that its vitality is so out of proportion to the barrenness of the wilderness. But it was surprisingly born there, swaying there, and it had the opportunity to be born and grow there. If you transplant it into fertile soil, it may become stronger and flourish, or it may wither. If you sow its seeds, you may reap a great harvest, or you may reap nothing. You will also understand the implication of Laozi's "Tao follows nature". Knowledge, let it come naturally, but don't let it go naturally again. You must catch it in the moment it comes and keep asking questions (even if you get a negative result in the end, you can solve a question) ; If something is discovered, we will attack relentlessly and inquire deeply, and we will surely gain something. The role of organized scientific exploration in the progress of civilization cannot be denied. It is the establishment of scientific organizations and institutions that has played a major role in promoting the development of modern civilization. However, what really brings about academic progress is precisely the unexpected and fleeting inspiration behind it, and it is the seeds buried in the fertile fields that bring the flowers of knowledge to bloom. In a fundamental sense, the germination of academic originality is a natural manifestation of having no desire or desire. In the academy with sophisticated experts and equipment, knowledge grows uninhibitedly on the edge of the academic field like weeds: A wild rice growing on the Hainan wasteland, after Yuan Longping's extraordinary scientific improvement, became a magical herb that filled countless hungry stomachs. ; A penicillin vaccine in a discarded glass bottle was instantly captured by Fleming's eyes and became a panacea that saved millions of lives; An accidental fluorescent flash led to the discovery of X-rays and opened up the exploration of nature Many unknown fields have contributed to a profound revolution in the history of science. In some Einstein-like almost eccentric characters, we can see the motivation for exploration stemming from their special personalities. No one knows why they are so obsessed with learning, but learning acquires strange vitality... They themselves are "weeds". Knowledge is an "ecological" product. The origins of a certain academic ecology can be seen in scholars' inadvertent exploration activities dominated by indescribable whims. Maybe hard work will lead to achievements, but this kind of success also needs to be triggered in an instant; it is it that controls the fate of scholars. Qian Zhongshu said: "In general, knowledge is cultivated by two or three honest people in an old house in the wilderness. The knowledge that is revealed in the market will surely become a common knowledge." The key to cultivating knowledge lies in coordinating its internal environment and coordinating its internal environment. In the natural academic ecology, the life roots of knowledge are cultivated. True knowledge is like weeds in the wilderness, magical and timeless.