I have to say that people who see this situation will be shocked. There are lakes in the second mobile desert in the world, and this topic has actually rushed to the hot search some time ago. Later, it was said that the climate of Han and Tang Dynasties and even Loulan Oasis would reappear. No wonder this phenomenon is rare, and the scene is spectacular.
Source/CCTV Weibo screenshot
Everyone knows what the desert looks like, and the layering is very obvious. In this case, the desert blends with the blue lake and seems to be alive. With the existence of the lake, the sand dunes stick together like a ball. This kind of scenery is very strange and really beautiful. See if there is such a feeling in the picture below. It is very intoxicating.
I think many people should know that Taklimakan Desert is located in the center of Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang. East-west length 1000 kilometers, north-south width of almost 400 kilometers, with a total area of more than 330,000 square kilometers. It is the largest desert in China and the second largest mobile desert in the world. In Uyghur, it means "a place where you can't go in and out".
As we all know, the biggest feature of desert is lack of rain. The average annual precipitation in Taklimakan Desert is less than 100 mm, and the lowest is only four or five mm, but the average evaporation can exceed 2500 mm. Even if there is water, it basically evaporates.
Therefore, it is inevitable that lakes will appear in the Taklimakan Desert. What is the reason?
Let's take a look at the expert's explanation. Through the analysis of the monitoring data of Urumqi meteorological satellite ground station and the field investigation of Bazhou Meteorological Bureau, experts found out the general location of the beautiful photos of "Desert Lake" which was hotly discussed on the Internet. Located in Luoburen Village Scenic Area, Yuli County. Most of this scenic spot is a mixture of water and sand. Some of the "lakes" along the way are formed by the release of ecological water from Tarim River basin to Populus euphratica forest, and some are accumulated water formed by water overflowing after the flood in September.
Lake in Luobu Village, Yuli County? Figure/Li Zhihong
This year's summer in Xinjiang is the hottest summer since 196 1, which has caused extreme high temperature weather in Tarim River basin for many times. According to the relevant personnel of the local climate center, the temperature in southern Xinjiang has continued to rise since the flood season this year. The average high temperature days in summer reached 29.7 days, 7.6 days more than normal. For this reason, the maximum height of the zero floor in Hotan and Kashgar broke the historical extreme value of the same period. According to the monitoring data of Urumqi meteorological satellite ground station, the snowfall in mountainous areas of southern Xinjiang in early May this year was more than that in the same period of last year, but it decreased by about 40-80% in mid-September. In August, the average precipitation in southern Xinjiang was higher than that in the same period of last year 105%, especially in Kashgar, 10 counties and cities all exceeded the standard.
Remote sensing monitoring map of water regime in the lower reaches of Tarim River
Many people must know, even if they don't know, they must have heard that the north tributary of Tarim River basically comes from Tianshan Mountain, and the south tributary mainly comes from Kunlun Mountain. The high temperature caused the snow to melt, and there was continuous rainfall, which caused super-warning floods in various tributaries of the river. According to official website, the Ministry of Water Resources, from late May to late September this year, the main stream of Tarim River was intermittently flooded for 80 days. Among them, the upstream flow is more than normal150%; The water levels of 25 rivers in the main and tributaries exceeded the warning level, which was more serious on August 19, and the water level of the whole main stream exceeded the warning level. Finally, Tarim River overflowed in Taklimakan Desert.
Large areas of desert were covered by floods. Seen from a distance or from a height, there are indeed many lakes in the desert. After the above analysis, it should be clear to everyone that the so-called "desert lake" is actually the accumulated water formed by local heavy rain, melting snow and ecological underwater release, but the accumulated water has not penetrated into the desert, forming a lake scene in a low-lying place, which is actually not a lake.
In fact, from the climate point of view, the emergence of lakes in the Taklimakan desert is a sign, and the greenhouse effect is well known. It is for this reason that the average surface temperature in China has risen very rapidly in the past decades, rising by about 0.23℃ every 10 year. However, the temperature in northwest China rises faster, rising by about 0.3℃ every 10 year. At the same time, the rainfall in northwest China is also in a state of continuous growth, such as Xinjiang, which increases by about 10 mm every10 year.
In the 20th century, the average annual rainfall in southern Xinjiang was about 50 mm; in the 20th century, the average annual rainfall was about 70 mm ... 20 16 years; in Xinjiang, the average annual rainfall reached 247 mm, which was more than 100 mm higher than the average in this century.
In fact, in July, 20021year, an extraordinary flood occurred in Yuqi area of Taklimakan Desert, and 300 square kilometers of desert was flooded, which affected the northwest oilfield of Sinopec and soaked many equipments. The reason for the flood is that the rainstorm in Dina Mountain in Tianshan Mountain lasted for many days, accompanied by the melting of ice and snow, which eventually led to the flood, and the desert itself was very flat.
In 2022, the precipitation in the middle and upper reaches of Tarim River was several tens of percent more than in previous years. For example, in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, a rare rainstorm occurred in May, with a daily rainfall of 58.8 mm. In August and September, it rained continuously in the Tarim River basin.
So there are still many signs of lakes in the Taklimakan desert.
How to treat this phenomenon? Welcome to leave a message in the comments section.