Sterilization equipment for ginkgo production includes two types of autoclave sterilizer required for strain production and atmospheric pressure sterilizing stove required for sterilizing culture medium for ginkgo production. It is an important equipment for ginkgo production.
(1) autoclave
Commonly used portable, vertical and horizontal autoclave, commonly used for the sterilization of the culture medium. Portable autoclave is commonly used in the sterilization of test tube species, the sterilization barrel inner diameter of 28 cm, 28 cm deep, 18 liters in volume, steam pressure in 9.8 × 104 Pa (1 kg / cm 2), the steam temperature up to 121 ℃. Portable high-pressure sterilizer see Figure 2.
Figure 2 Portable high-pressure sterilizer
Original and cultivated species production of large quantities, the choice of vertical or horizontal high-pressure sterilizer. Its specifications are divided into one time can accommodate 750 ml of strain bottles ranging from 100 to 330. In addition to the installation of pressure gauges, bleeder valve, there are inlet pipe, drain and other devices. Horizontal autoclave bottling operation is more convenient. Its heat source, with coal, firewood can be. Autoclave sterilizer is a necessary production equipment for strain plants.
(2) steam oven energy-saving sterilization stove
This is a steam oven, steam evaporator and frame cover membrane composed of atmospheric sterilization stove. Commonly, there are CMQ-5 type atmospheric pressure steam stove produced in Henan, WQS atmospheric pressure hot water boiler produced in Liaoning. Cultivators can also use gasoline barrels processed into a steam generator. These sterilization equipment has a large amount of gas, fuel saving, easy to use and other characteristics, each sterilization load can be 1000 ~ 4000 bags. General cultivators are applicable. Stove structure is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 steam stove energy-saving sterilization stove (unit: cm)
A. Steam stove B. Sterilization box box 1. oil drum 2. water filling hole 3. steam pipe 4. chimney 5. sterilization box 6. fire door
The stove is used as follows:
1) First, 1 layer of sheet insulation on the ground, spread 1 layer of film on it. Film with a single brick above the flat 4-6 rows for the legs, legs above the horizontal wooden boards or wooden bar boards, boards above the discharge of material bags.
② bag stacking method there are two kinds, one is stacked, in order to prevent collapse, must make a frame, placed on top of the horizontal row of wooden boards, inside the stacked bags; the other is a trapezoidal stacking, under the big on the small, and then with a length and width of 8 meters each of the double-layer film, from the top down to cover the cover, around the edge of the ground adjacent to the light pressure to ensure that water outward to exclude the cold air. Outside the film in the cover, and then use quilts or sacks, rain cloth for insulation, and finally tied with a rope two ways.
3 with a length of 1.5 meters thick 6 cm of hose or plastic pipe, one end of the steam stove out of the steam pipe, tightened with wire; the other end into the stacked bag under the brick outrigger holes in the 40 centimeters, to be underneath the beginning of the steam, indicating that the cold air exhaust, the perimeter of the compacted a little more.
4 furnace filled with water shall not be higher than the standard water level line, the furnace body above the preheating water bucket can not be short of water. Because a large number of use of furnace steam, the water level is bound to fall, replenishment of water should be mastered at the beginning to achieve a balance of steam and water.
⑤ Burning start to be fierce, the temperature inside the bag stack reaches 100 ℃, the insulation stage should be stable. Measurement of temperature to the bottom of the bag at 2 to 3 layers shall prevail.
6 After using the stove, the water should be drained and dried to prevent damage.
(3) brick steam warehouse sterilization stove
Steam warehouse sterilization stove is built with cement, brick and steel. Stove height 260 centimeters, 200 centimeters long, 120 centimeters wide, divided into two parts. The lower part of the combustion port, the stove behind the chimney; the upper part of the steam bin, surrounded by brick wall 24 cm thick. The top is built into a round arch and sealed with cement. One side of the wall opens a door with wooden boards and is reinforced with steel bars and screws to facilitate closure after bagging. Steam bin 1/3 of a small hole, the installation of a pressure gauge or thermometer, in order to grasp the steam bin pressure or temperature. Steam warehouse at the top of 1 to 2 diameter 1 cm wide small ventilation holes, easy to remove the cold air in the steam warehouse, so that the steam inside the pot better rise to the top, evenly distributed in the steam warehouse, to avoid the emergence of "dead ends". After 2 hours of sterilization, sandbags can be used to plug the pressure in the ventilation holes, so that the airtight warming. Immediately behind the sterilizing stove An 1 water storage pot, and brick into a high 50 cm, length and width and iron pot corresponding to the pool. Stove and pool at the surface of the pot and a 30 cm long, 4 cm in diameter hollow steel pipe, fitted with a stop valve, so that the water can flow into the water pool accordingly sterilization pot to prevent the pot of water to burn dry. This kind of sterilizing cooker sterilizes 1000 to 1500 bags at a time. According to the size of the production scale, the specifications can be designed (Figure 4).
Figure 4 Brick-built special sterilization stove (unit: cm)
1. stove 2. steam bin 3. bag inlet and outlet 4. iron pot 5. water level observation port 6. water reservoir 7. chimney
(4) pan large-scale sterilization stove
It is a kind of sterilizing equipment designed by Gutian County in recent years in large-scale production. It is made of brick into a rectangular cooker, assembled with the same steel plate made of pan, pan installed on the 8 wooden bars, 20 cm from the bottom of the pan, the bags overlap in the matting on the strip, and then cover the film and tarpaulin, a sterilizable 6,000 ~ 10,000 bags. The stove body specifications are different, respectively, the length of 280-350 cm, width 270-250 cm, height 60-80 cm. Stove body built into a semi-subterranean type. Where the ground plane below 40 ~ 45 cm, 20 ~ 35 cm above the ground plane, easy to load and unload bags. The upper part of the front of the stove for the hearth, the same length and the stove body, set up two combustion mouth, 40 ~ 43 cm wide, 55 ~ 60 cm high, equipped with movable grates; the lower part of the mouth for the ventilation channel and ash pit. Stove opposite the brick chimney, depending on the size of the stove, generally 350-500 cm high. Chimney body diameter of the lower large on the small, the lower 36 cm × 36 cm to 60 cm × 80 cm, the upper 24 cm × 45 cm. Fuel wood or honeycomb coal. Honeycomb coal per iron basket containing 160 grains, a combustion port into 2 baskets, 2 combustion port into 4 baskets at a time **** 640 grains. The pan on the stove is made of 0.4 cm steel plate welded together, equal in length and width to the stove, and 60 to 70 cm high. Pan mouth along the side of 12 to 15 centimeters wide, with water and drainage port and water level observation port. Surrounded by steel hooks and crimp fasteners for bags of material loaded stove cover membrane cover cloth, tie rope fastening.