There are many kinds of CNC lathes with different specifications, which can be classified according to the following methods.
According to the lathe spindle position classification
1) Vertical CNC lathe Vertical CNC lathe is referred to as CNC vertical lathe for short. Its lathe spindle is vertical to the horizontal plane, and the large-diameter circular workbench is used to clamp the workpiece. This machine tool is mainly used to process large and complex parts with large radial dimension and relatively small axial dimension.
(2) Horizontal CNC lathe Horizontal CNC lathe is divided into horizontal CNC lathe with horizontal guide rail and horizontal CNC lathe with inclined guide rail. Its inclined guide rail structure can make the lathe more rigid and facilitate chip removal.
According to the basic types of machined parts.
(1) chuck CNC lathe This lathe has no tailstock and is suitable for turning disc-shaped parts (including short shafts). The clamping mode is mostly electric or hydraulic control, and the chuck structure is mostly adjustable claw or non-quenched claw (that is, soft claw).
(2) Top CNC lathe This lathe is equipped with ordinary tailstock or CNC tailstock, which is suitable for turning long parts and small-diameter disc parts.
According to the number of tool holders
(1) CNC lathes with single tool rest are generally equipped with various forms of single tool rest, such as four-station horizontal moving indexing tool rest or multi-station turret automatic indexing tool rest.
(2) Double-tool-holder CNC lathe The double-tool holders of this lathe are parallel or vertical to each other.
Classification by function
(1) Economical CNC lathe is a simple CNC lathe formed by reforming the feed system of ordinary lathe with stepping motor and single chip microcomputer. The cost is low, but the degree of automation and function are poor, and the turning accuracy is not high. Suitable for turning rotary parts with low requirements.
(2) Ordinary CNC lathe is a general CNC system specially designed and equipped according to the requirements of turning. The numerical control system has strong functions, high degree of automation and high machining accuracy, and is suitable for turning general rotary parts. This CNC lathe can control two coordinate axes at the same time, namely X axis and Z axis.
(3) On the basis of ordinary CNC lathe, the turning center adds a C-axis and a power head. The more advanced CNC lathe has a tool magazine, which can control three coordinate axes of X, Z and C. The linkage control axis can be (X, Z), (X, C) or (Z, C). Due to the addition of C axis and milling power head, the machining function of this CNC lathe has been greatly enhanced. In addition to general turning, it can also be used for radial and axial milling, curved surface milling, drilling holes whose center line is not in the rotation center of parts and radial holes.
Other classification methods
According to the different control modes of CNC system, CNC lathes can be divided into many types, such as linear control CNC lathes and two-axis control CNC lathes. According to special or specialized process performance, it can be divided into thread CNC lathe, piston CNC lathe, crankshaft CNC lathe and so on. Wuxi Qingchuan machine tool co., ltd.