Currently, the use of fluorescence quantitative PCR detection technology can be used to quantitatively determine pathogens such as gonococcus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis viruses, influenza viruses, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, EBV and cytomegalovirus. Compared with traditional testing methods, it has the advantages of high sensitivity, less sampling, fast and easy.
For example, the significance of genetic diagnosis of tuberculosis is mainly manifested in:
a. Distinguishing between TB and other mycobacteria;
b. Detecting TB drug resistance genes;
c. Improving the positive detection rate of TB. Quantitative analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) showed: the relationship between the amount of virus and the efficacy of certain drugs. HCV high level of expression, the therapeutic effect of interferon is not sensitive, and HCV low titer, the effect of interferon is sensitive; in the process of lamivudine treatment, the serum level of HBV-DNA had declined, and then if it again rises or exceeds the previous level, then it suggests that virus Mutation of the virus occurs. For example, the application and significance of PCR technology in HBV detection:
a. To know the amount of hepatitis B virus present in the body.
b. Whether it replicates.
c. Whether it is contagious and how contagious it is.
d. Whether medication is necessary.
e.Whether the abnormal liver function changes are caused by the virus.
f. Determine which type of antiviral drug is appropriate for the patient.
g. To determine the efficacy of drug therapy. HCMV infection is very common, except for a few primary infection occurs primary mononucleosis, most of the hidden infection. HCMV can be latent in the body for a long time, when the body's immune function is low, the virus will be activated and cause serious diseases in the gestation period, if the pregnant woman infected with HCMV can cause preterm labor, deformities, stillbirths, and newborns with giant cell inclusion body disease, etc. HCMV belongs to the family of herpesviruses, can be transmitted from saliva, urine, uterus and other tissues to the body. HCMV is a family of herpesviruses and can be excreted in saliva, urine, cervical secretions, and breast milk.The "gold standard" diagnostic test for HCMV is viral culture using monolayer fibroblasts, and other laboratory tests include serologic testing and inclusion body testing.PCR is a new method of detecting HCMV, and is used to detect the virus in blood and swabs of genital secretions, and should be used for eugenic testing. Blood samples should be taken for eugenic testing. For early pregnancy patients with HCMV infection should be tested again amniotic fluid, or other gestational material, the patient seriously and into the follow-up examination, comprehensive judgment and take appropriate medical measures.
PCR applied to eugenics has great superiority, so the popularization and application of this technology has just begun, should pay attention to the accuracy of the operation, try to avoid misdiagnosis. Infectious diseases should first take pregnant women's blood samples for testing, when there is suspicion or when pathogen nucleic acid is detected in the blood should be made as early as possible for amniotic fluid and other gestational material examination. Regardless of whether the fetus is suspected of having a serious genetic predisposition and the risk of infection-induced malformations, the opinion of the parents of the fetus should be respected.