(a) oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab sampling
1, collection method of oropharyngeal swab
The subjects took a posture of slightly tilting their heads and opening their mouths wide, exposing the pharyngeal tonsils on both sides. The key point of oropharyngeal swab sampling is to pass the swab above the base of the tongue, wipe it back and forth at least 3 times on both sides of the pharyngeal tonsil with a little force, and then wipe it up and down the posterior pharyngeal wall at least 3 times.
After sampling, put the swab head into the collection tube filled with virus preservation solution, with the breaking point of the swab at the nozzle, and break it gently to make the swab head fall into the liquid in the collection tube, discard the broken swab stick, tighten the tube cover, and put the collection tube on a stable shelf. After each case is collected, the sampling personnel should disinfect their hands.
2, nasopharyngeal swab collection method
The sampler enters with a cotton swab attached to the nostril and slowly goes back and forth along the bottom of the inferior nasal passage. Because the nasal passage is curved, don't use too much force to avoid traumatic bleeding. When the tip of the cotton swab reaches the back wall of nasopharyngeal cavity, gently rotate it for one week (in case of reflex cough, it should stop for one minute), then slowly take out the cotton swab and immerse the cotton swab head in a test tube containing 2 ~ 3 ml virus preservation solution.
(2) Personal protection of sampling personnel
Personal protection includes proper wearing of personal protective equipment (including: medical protective mask, latex gloves, protective screen or goggles, isolation gown or protective clothing, working cap), and standardized hand hygiene.
Personal protective equipment should be worn in the following order: medical protective mask and working cap, isolation gown or protective clothing, protective screen or goggles, gloves.
(3) Infection control
1, the sampling point is partitioned.
The sampling point should be an open and well-ventilated place, which is divided into waiting area, collection area, buffer area, temporary isolation area and temporary storage area of medical waste, so as to effectively disperse the density of the inspected personnel.
2, do a good job of cleaning and disinfection
When collecting specimens, hand hygiene should be strictly implemented, and one hand should be disinfected, that is, after the previous specimen collection is completed, hand disinfection must be carried out before the next collection operation can be carried out.
Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of infection during sampling, and other parts except cotton swabs should not contact the sampled personnel to prevent cross-infection.
After the sampling site work, medical instruments, articles and surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected. Clean the environmental surface thoroughly with clean water and detergent, and disinfect the surface of environmental objects, especially the high-frequency contact parts, with effective disinfectants. Standardize the treatment of patients' respiratory secretions, excreta and vomit.