The new national standard divides the protective effect level of masks from high to low into four levels: A, B, C and D. Different protective effect levels are applicable to different environments.
The highest level of protection A protective masks are suitable for use in extremely polluted environments, and at the same time, the protection effect is also the best, able to block more than 90% of the particles; B level protective masks are suitable for use in the environment where PM2.5 does not exceed 350μg/m3; the lowest level of protection D protective masks have poorer particles blocking effect, and are suitable for use in the environment where PM2.5 does not exceed 150μg/m3; and the lowest level of protection D protective masks are suitable for use in the environment where PM2.5 does not exceed 150μg/m3, and are suitable for use in the environment where PM2.5 is not exceeded. 150μg/m3 environment.
2 masks of three types1, surgical masks: to prevent medical personnel respiratory secretions contaminated sterile operating table or sterile operating area, masks are thin, can not block tuberculosis bacilli, viruses and small particles;
2, cloth masks: beauty, warmth, to prevent the cold air invasion of the respiratory tract, reduce respiratory diseases, but can not protect against viruses, tuberculosis infection;
3, medical masks: for infectious diseases. , medical masks: infectious diseases have enhanced protection, can filter, isolate 99% of bacteria, viruses, but the cost is higher.
3 types of medical masksAt present, China's medical masks are mainly divided into three types: the highest level of protection of medical protective masks, operating rooms and other invasive operating environments commonly used in the medical surgical masks and general level of single-use medical masks.
1. Medical protective masks and the wearer's face has a good fit, can filter particles in the air, blocking droplets, blood, body fluids, secretions and other pollutants, the filtration efficiency of non-oily particles can reach more than 95%, is to deal with the airborne diseases commonly used personal protective equipment.
Common medical protective masks have arch, butterfly and so on.
2. Medical surgical masks are commonly used in operating rooms and other environments where there is a risk of body fluids and blood spattering, which can prevent blood and body fluids from contaminating the wearer through the mask, and at the same time have a filtration efficiency of more than 95% of bacteria, but the filtration efficiency is limited to particles, and most of them are rectangular in design, and the closeness of the face is not as tight as the medical protective masks.
Common medical surgical masks have strap-on, ear-hanging type.
3. Ordinary level of medical masks, the name is more, the name does not have a "protective" "surgical" words of medical masks are ordinary level of medical masks, the level of masks do not require the blood has a barrier effect, there is no tightness requirements The masks are not required to have a barrier to blood, and there is no requirement for a tight fit, so they are only used in general medical environments.
Common general medical masks are mostly ear-mounted, similar in appearance to ear-mounted surgical masks.
4 What are the precautions for wearing a mask1. The filtering performance of the mask is mainly determined by the intermediate layer of the filter material, the current commonly used filter material is made of polypropylene ultrafine fibers made of melt-sprayed nonwoven fabric, which is light and thin, breathable, and can efficiently filter particulate matter in the air. Filter media is not the thicker the better, the performance of meltblown nonwoven fabrics produced by different manufacturers varies greatly, and the specific performance needs to be measured by professional equipment. Masks can only contain this filter media to have good filtration efficiency, if only ordinary needle-punched nonwoven and spunlace nonwoven, no meltblown nonwoven, can not achieve good filtration effect.
2. Protective masks need to have a good filter material, but also should have a good shape design, nose clip design. The better the mask fits the wearer's face, the better the protective effect, which prevents pollutants from entering the mouth and nose from the edge of the mask, especially the gap between the two sides of the nose. Therefore, when wearing a mask, the nose clip at the bridge of the nose should be pressed tightly, and the length of the mask strap should be adjusted appropriately so that the mask fits the face as much as possible.
3. Wearing a medical mask should be based on the type of pollutant transmission, the risk of choosing the right type of level, not too high and not too low. Protection level of medical protective masks although the protection effect is better, but due to the high level of filter material, good fit, breathing resistance is also higher, long time wear will increase the respiratory burden, resulting in breathing difficulties and other discomforts. Medical surgical masks, medical protective masks can block blood, body fluids caused by splashing pollution, but if you really need to block airborne particles, pathogenic microbial pollution, please choose to wear a medical protective mask.