2.2 plane layout
A) The core area of the Level III Biosafety Protection Laboratory includes the laboratory and the buffer room connected with it.
B) The buffer room forms a passage into the laboratory. There must be two interlocking doors. When one door opens, the other door closes automatically. If an electric interlocking device is used, both doors must be in an openable state when power is cut off. Secondary dressing can be carried out in the buffer room.
C) When the ventilation system of the laboratory is not equipped with automatic control device, the area of the buffer room should not be too large and should not exceed one eighth of the laboratory area.
D) The installation position of the level II or level III biosafety cabinet should be far away from the entrance of the laboratory and the area where workers often walk, and it is beneficial to form the air flow pattern from the "clean" area to the "polluted" area.
2.3 envelopes
A) The inner surface of the enclosure structure of the laboratory (including the buffer room) must be smooth, corrosion-resistant and waterproof, so as to facilitate disinfection and cleaning. All gaps must be reliably sealed.
B) All doors of the laboratory can be closed automatically.
C) No other windows should be set except the observation window. The observation window must be sealed and the glass used must not be broken.
D) The ground shall be free of leakage, smooth but not slippery. Floor tiles, terrazzo and other crevices are not allowed.
E) The corners between the ceiling, floor and wall are round and reliably sealed, and insects and rats should be prevented from entering the foundation of the wall during construction.
2.4 Ventilation and air conditioning
A) Independent ventilation and air conditioning systems must be installed to control the airflow direction and pressure gradient in the laboratory. The system must ensure that when used in the laboratory, the indoor air shall not be discharged to the outside from other parts or gaps of the laboratory except for efficient filtration through the exhaust pipeline; At the same time, ensure that the airflow in the laboratory flows from the "clean" area to the "polluted" area. The layout of air inlet and air outlet should minimize the dead zone in the experimental area.
B) The ventilation and air conditioning system is a direct exhaust system, and some return air systems are not allowed.
C) Environmental parameters: relative to the outside of the laboratory, the inside of the laboratory keeps negative pressure. The relative pressure in the laboratory is -30pa ~-40pa, and that in the buffer room is-15pa ~-20pa. The temperature and humidity in the laboratory should be controlled within the comfort range of human body or according to the technological requirements. The air cleanliness of the laboratory is the national standard.
Grade 7-8 defined in Code for Design of Clean Workshop 50073-200 1 is appropriate. The artificial lighting in the laboratory should be uniform and not dazzling, and the illumination should not be less than 500lx.
D) In order to ensure the air flow in the laboratory from the "clean" area to the "polluted" area, the laboratory should not adopt the layout of air outlets evenly distributed on both sides. The ventilation design of upper delivery and upper exhaust should not be adopted. The air discharged from the biosafety cabinet can be directly discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe of the system, or it can be sent to the exhaust system of the building. The pressure balance between the biosafety cabinet and the exhaust system should be ensured.
E) The air inlet of the laboratory should be filtered by three levels: primary, intermediate and high efficiency.
F) The air discharged from the laboratory must be effectively filtered or treated by other methods before it can be directly discharged into the atmosphere at a speed not lower than12m/s. The air outlet should be far away from the air inlet of the system. The treated waste gas can also be discharged into the exhaust pipe of the building, but it must not be sent back to any part of the building.
G) The tuyere on the enclosure structure of the laboratory must be equipped with an efficient air inlet and exhaust filter to avoid polluting the air duct.
H) In the ventilation system of the laboratory, air-tight regulating valves should be installed at the inlet and exhaust manifolds, and if necessary, they can be completely closed for indoor chemical fumigation.
I) All components used in the laboratory ventilation system must be sealed. The high-efficiency filter used should not be a wooden frame.
J) An automatic interlock device for fan startup shall be installed to ensure that the fan is turned on first and then the blower is turned on when the laboratory is started. When closing, turn off the blower first, and then turn off the exhaust fan.
K) Split air conditioners shall not be installed in the laboratory.
2.5 Safety devices and special equipment
A) The main laboratory must be equipped with a secondary or tertiary biosafety cabinet. Its installation position shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2.5 d).
B) Continuous flow centrifuges or other equipment that may generate aerosol should be placed in physical suppression equipment, which should be able to discharge the aerosol that may be generated by it after being filtered by a high-efficiency filter. Exhaust of all other exhaust devices (fume hoods, exhaust hoods, etc.). ) must be installed in the laboratory and must be filtered by a high-efficiency filter before being discharged. Its indoor layout should be conducive to the formation of air flow patterns from "clean" areas to "polluted" areas.
C) The laboratory must be equipped with an autoclave or other disinfection equipment that will not generate steam.
D) A transmission window should be set between the laboratory and the outside world. The double doors of the transfer window shall not be opened at the same time, and a physical disinfection device shall be installed in the transfer window. Infectious materials must be placed in closed containers before they can spread through the transmission window.
E) A pressure display alarm device must be set at a prominent position at the entrance of the laboratory to display the negative pressure between the laboratory and the buffer room. When the negative pressure indicator deviates from the preset interval, it must be able to give an alarm to people inside and outside the laboratory in an acousto-optic way. The device can increase the display of airflow resistance of high-efficiency air supply and exhaust filter.
F) Power failure is not allowed during the startup of the laboratory. Dual power supplies should be used. If it is difficult to do this, standby power supply or uninterruptible power supply which can be automatically switched in case of power failure should be installed to supply power to key equipment (biosafety cabinets, fume hoods, exhaust hoods and lighting, etc.). ).
G) A washbasin can be set in the buffer room: the water supply cut-off door of the washbasin must be pedal-operated, elbow-operated or automatically opened and closed. If the sink is located in the main laboratory, the sewer must be separated from the sewer pipe of the building and clearly marked. The water must be disinfected. The sink is only used for washing hands, and any infectious substances shall not be dumped inward. Water supply pipes must be equipped with backflow prevention devices. No floor drain shall be installed in the laboratory.
When microorganisms must be handled outside the biosafety cabinet, personal safety protection articles (www.dehsm.com, such as glasses, masks, masks or other splash-proof devices) must be worn to prevent infectious sources or other harmful substances from splashing on the surface.
2.6 Others
A) The surface of the test bench shall be waterproof, corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant.
B) The laboratory furniture should be strong. In order to facilitate cleaning, there should be a certain gap between all kinds of furniture and equipment. There should be a special platform (frame) for placing biological waste containers. The corners and protruding parts of furniture and equipment should be smooth and burr-free, and the arc should be suitable.
C) The required vacuum pump shall be placed in the laboratory. Vacuum pipeline must be equipped with on-line high efficiency filter.
D) compressed air cylinders should be placed outside the laboratory. Pipes passing through envelopes and envelopes must be sealed with non-shrink sealing materials. Gas transmission pipeline must be equipped with online high-efficiency filter and backflow prevention device.
E) The laboratory should be equipped with an eye washing device.
F) There should be a luminous indicator at the exit of the laboratory.
G) communication system must be set inside and outside the laboratory.
H) Data such as experimental records in the laboratory shall be sent to the outside of the laboratory by fax machine.