CSA is the Canadian Standards Association abbreviation. 1992, after the CSA certification of the product can be in Canada and the United States circulation at the same time, do not need to do additional testing in the United States.
2. FCC Certification
FCC is the abbreviation for the Federal Communications Commission, an independent agency of the U.S. government that is directly responsible to Congress.
Many radio applications, communications products, and digital products require FCC approval to enter the U.S. market.
3, UL certification
UL is the abbreviation for Underwriters Laboratories. Although UL certification in the U.S. is non-mandatory certification, but because of the great emphasis on product safety, U.S. consumers and purchasing units to buy products, usually choose to have UL certification mark of the product.
4, ETL certification
ETL is the U.S. Electronic Testing Laboratory abbreviation. With UL certification, in the United States is a non-mandatory certification, the certification mark of the product is also recognized by consumers and purchasing units.
5, FDA
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, referred to as the FDA. FDA is the U.S. government in the Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Public **** one of the executive agencies set up in the Department of Health, FDA's responsibility is to ensure that the U.S. domestic production or importation of food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and radiological products safety.
Export Cargo Process
The process of exporting goods mainly includes: quotation, ordering, payment method, stock preparation, packaging, customs clearance procedures, shipment, transportation insurance, bill of lading, and foreign exchange settlement.
I. Quotation
In international trade is generally by the product inquiry, quotation as the beginning of trade. Among them, the offer for export products mainly include: the quality level of the product, product specifications, whether the product has special packaging requirements, the amount of products purchased, the amount of delivery requirements, the mode of transportation of the product, the product material and so on.
The more commonly used quotes are: FOB "free on board", CNF "cost and freight", CIF "cost, insurance and freight" and other forms.
Second, ordering (signing)
The two sides of the trade on the offer to reach an agreement, the buyer formally order and some related matters with the seller's business consultations, the two sides agreed to sign the "Purchase Contract". In the process of signing the "contract of purchase", mainly on the name of the goods, specifications, quantity, price, packaging, origin, shipment period, payment terms, settlement, claims, arbitration and other content of the negotiations, and will negotiate the agreement reached after the "contract of purchase". This marks the official start of the export business. Usually, the signing of the purchase contract in duplicate by the two parties to stamp the official seal of the company to take effect, each party to keep a copy.
Three payment methods
There are three commonly used international payment methods, i.e., L/C payment, TT payment and direct payment.
1, letter of credit payment
Letter of credit is divided into two types of letters of credit and documentary credits. Documentary letter of credit refers to the letter of credit with specified documents, without any documents attached to the letter of credit is called a bare letter of credit. Simply put, a letter of credit is a guarantee document that ensures that the exporter will receive payment for the goods. Please note that the period of shipment of exported goods should be carried out within the validity period of the letter of credit, and the period of delivery of the letter of credit must be submitted no later than the validity date of the letter of credit.
In international trade the majority of letters of credit as a payment method, the date of issuance of the letter of credit should be clear, clear and complete. China's several state-owned commercial banks, such as the Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, etc., are able to open a letter of credit (the main banks of the letter of credit opening fees are 1.5 per cent of the amount of the letter of credit).
2, TT payment method
TTT payment method is to foreign exchange cash settlement, by your customers will be remitted to your company's designated foreign exchange bank account, you can ask for a certain period of time after the arrival of the goods remittance.
3, direct payment method
It refers to the buyer and seller direct delivery payment.
Four, stock preparation
Stock preparation in the entire trade process, plays a pivotal role in the important position, according to the contract must be implemented one by one. Preparation of the main checks are as follows:
1, the quality of goods, specifications, should be verified in accordance with the requirements of the contract.
2, the quantity of goods: to ensure that the contract or letter of credit to meet the quantity requirements.
3, the time of preparation: should be based on the letter of credit, combined with the schedule of the ship, in order to facilitate the convergence of the ship and cargo.
V. Packaging
You can choose the form of packaging (e.g. carton, wooden box, woven bag, etc.) according to the different goods. Different forms of packaging requirements are different.
1, general export packaging standards: according to the general standards for trade and export packaging.
2, special export packaging standards: according to the customer's special requirements for export goods packaging.
3, packaging and marking of goods (transportation marking): should be carefully checked and verified, so that they comply with the provisions of the letter of credit.
6, customs clearance procedures
Customs clearance procedures are extremely cumbersome and extremely important, such as the failure to successfully clear customs will not be able to complete the transaction.
1, is a statutory inspection of export commodities must do export commodity inspection certificate.
Currently, China's import and export commodity inspection work there are four main links:
Acceptance of inspection: inspection refers to foreign trade relations to the commodity inspection agency to report the inspection.
Sampling: Commodity Inspection Agency to accept the inspection, and then promptly sent to the goods storage site for on-site inspection, identification.
Inspection: the commodity inspection agency to accept the inspection, carefully study the declaration of the test items, to determine the content of the test. And carefully review the contract (letter of credit) on the quality, specifications, packaging regulations, to clarify the basis of the test, to determine the test standards, methods. (Inspection methods are sampling, instrumental analysis; physical testing; sensory testing; microbiological testing, etc.)
Issuance of certificates: in the export, where included in the export of goods within the (type table〗, by the commodity inspection agency after passing the test, the issuance of a release order (or in the "export declaration of goods" on the release of stamps in lieu of the release order).
2, must be a professional holding a customs declaration certificate, holding a packing list, invoices, customs declaration power of attorney, export settlement and cancellation of bills of exchange, copies of contracts for export of goods, export commodity inspection certificates and other texts to go to the Customs and Excise Department for customs clearance procedures.
The packing list is the packing details of export products provided by the exporter.
The invoice is the proof of export products provided by the exporter.
Customs declaration power of attorney is a certificate that the unit or individual without the ability to declare customs entrusts the customs brokerage firm to declare customs.
The export writing-off slip is applied by the exporting unit to the foreign exchange bureau, which is a document for the unit with export capacity to obtain the export tax rebate.
Commercial inspection certificate is after the entry-exit inspection and quarantine department or its designated inspection agency inspection and qualification, is a variety of import and export commodities inspection certificates, identification certificates and other certificates of the collective name. Foreign trade related parties to fulfill their contractual obligations, dealing with claims, disputes and arbitration, litigation evidence, with legal basis of the validity of the certificate, but also the customs clearance, the collection of customs duties and preferential tariff reductions and exemptions of the necessary proof
Legal basis
"Import and export commodities certification
Article 3 The State Administration of Commodity Inspection is responsible for the management of national import and export commodity certification.
State Commodity Inspection Bureau directly under the commodity inspection agencies responsible for the management of the region's import and export commodity certification.
Commercial inspection agencies and the State Commodity Inspection Bureau recognized inspection, certification bodies in accordance with the State Commodity Inspection Bureau signed an agreement with the relevant foreign institutions, or accept the commission of the relevant foreign institutions to specifically implement the import and export commodity certification.