How to write construction machinery and equipment maintenance technology status

I, the maintenance of equipment through wiping, cleaning, lubrication, adjustment and other general methods of care for equipment to maintain and protect the performance and technical condition of the equipment, known as equipment maintenance. Equipment maintenance requirements are mainly four: (1) clean equipment inside and outside neat, the sliding surface, screw, rack, gear box, oil holes, etc., no oil, no oil leakage of various parts, no air leakage, equipment around the chips, debris, dirt to clean up; (2) neat tools, accessories, workpieces (products) to be placed in a neatly organized, pipeline, line to be organized; (3) good lubrication on time refueling or oil change, constantly Oil, no dry friction phenomenon, oil pressure is normal, oil mark bright, smooth oil circuit, oil quality meets the requirements, oil gun, oil cup, oil felt clean; (4) safety to comply with the safety regulations, do not overload the use of equipment, equipment, safety guards are complete and reliable, and timely elimination of unsafe factors. Equipment maintenance content generally includes routine maintenance, regular maintenance, regular inspection and accuracy checks, equipment lubrication and cooling system maintenance is also an important part of equipment maintenance. Daily maintenance of equipment is the basic work of equipment maintenance, must be institutionalized and standardized. Regular maintenance of equipment to develop a work quota and material consumption quota, and according to the quota assessment, regular maintenance of equipment should be included in the workshop contract responsibility system assessment. Regular inspection of equipment is a planned preventive inspection, the means of inspection in addition to human senses, but also a certain inspection tools and instruments, according to the implementation of the regular inspection card, regular inspection of some people also known as regular inspection. Mechanical equipment should also be carried out precision checks to determine the actual accuracy of the equipment to the extent of the advantages and disadvantages. Equipment maintenance should be carried out in accordance with the maintenance program. Equipment maintenance program is the daily maintenance of equipment requirements and regulations, adhere to the implementation of equipment maintenance program, you can extend the service life of the equipment to ensure a safe and comfortable working environment. Its main content should include: (1) equipment to achieve neat, clean, strong, lubrication, anti-corrosion, safety and other operational content, methods of operation, the use of tools and materials, to achieve the standards and precautions; (2) daily inspection and maintenance and regular inspection of the parts, methods and standards; (3) check and evaluate the degree of maintenance equipment operators and methods. Second, the three-tier maintenance system of equipment, three-tier maintenance system is China's 20th century, starting in the mid-1960s, in the former Soviet Union to summarize the plan of the pre-maintenance system in our country on the basis of practice, and gradually improve and develop a maintenance and repair system, which reflects China's equipment maintenance management focus from repair to the maintenance of the change, reflecting China's progress in equipment maintenance management and maintenance management policy based on the main focus of prevention to make it clearer. Three-tier maintenance system includes: routine maintenance of equipment, maintenance and secondary maintenance. Three-tier maintenance system is based on the operator of the equipment for the main guarantee, warranty and the weight of the mandatory maintenance system. Three-tier maintenance system is to rely on the masses, give full play to the enthusiasm of the masses, the implementation of group management group repair, specializing in the combination of groups, to improve the maintenance of equipment and effective method. (A) the daily maintenance of equipment maintenance equipment, general maintenance and weekly maintenance, also known as daily and weekly routine maintenance. 1. daily routine maintenance daily routine maintenance by the equipment operators on duty, seriously do four things before the shift, five attention and four things after the shift. (1) four things before the shift digesting drawings, check the shift records. Wipe the equipment, lubricate and refuel according to regulations. Check whether the handle position and manual operation parts are correct and flexible, and whether the safety device is reliable. Low-speed operation to check whether the transmission is normal, lubrication, cooling is smooth. (2) five attention in the shift to pay attention to the sound of operation, equipment temperature, pressure, level, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic system, instrumentation signals, safety insurance is normal. (3) Four things after the shift to close the switch, all handles to zero position. Remove iron filings, dirt, wipe the equipment rail surface and sliding surface of the oil, and refueling. Clean up the workplace, organize accessories and tools. Fill in the shift handover records and running time records, shift handover procedures. 2. weekly routine guarantee weekly routine guarantee by the equipment operators at the end of each week, maintenance time: general equipment 2h, fine, large, rare equipment 4h. (1) appearance of wiping equipment rails, drive parts and exposed parts, clean the workplace. To achieve internal and external cleanliness without dead ends, no corrosion, the surrounding environment is neat and tidy. (2) Manipulate the transmission to check the technical condition of each part, tighten the loose parts, adjust the fit gap. Check the interlock, insurance device. To achieve normal transmission sound, safe and reliable. (3) hydraulic lubrication cleaning oil line, dust felt, oil filter, oil tank add oil or oil change. Check the hydraulic system to achieve clean oil, smooth oil circuit, no leakage, no research injury. (4) Electrical system wipe the motor, snake skin tube surface, check the insulation, grounding, to achieve complete, clean, reliable. (B) the first level of maintenance of the first level of maintenance is based on the operation of the workers, maintenance workers to assist, according to the plan of the local disassembly and inspection of the equipment, cleaning the prescribed parts, dredge the oil circuit, pipeline, replacement or cleaning of oil lines, felts, filters, adjusting the gap between the various parts of the equipment, equipment, tightening of the various parts of the equipment. The time used for the first level of maintenance is 4-8h, and after the completion of the first guarantee, records should be made and defects that have not been removed should be indicated, and acceptance should be organized by the workshop mechanic. The scope of a guarantee should be all the equipment in use, the key equipment should be strictly enforced. The main purpose of a guarantee is to reduce equipment wear and tear, eliminate hidden problems, extend the service life of the equipment, for the completion of the next guarantee period of production tasks in the equipment to provide protection. (C) the second level of maintenance of the second level of maintenance is based on maintenance workers, operators to participate in the completion of the workers. The second level of maintenance is included in the overhaul program of the equipment, part of the equipment dismantling inspection and repair, replacement or repair of wear parts, cleaning, oil change, inspection and repair of the electrical part of the technical condition of the equipment to achieve the full range of provisions of the standard requirements of the equipment intact. The time used for secondary maintenance is about 7 days. After the completion of the second maintenance, maintenance workers should fill in the maintenance records in detail, acceptance by the workshop mechanic and operator, acceptance list to the equipment power section archives. The main purpose of the second maintenance is to make the equipment reach the perfect standard, improve and consolidate the perfect rate of the equipment, and prolong the overhaul cycle. The implementation of the "three-tier maintenance system", the operator must make the equipment to do "three good", "four", "four requirements "and comply with the" five disciplines ". Three-tier maintenance system highlights the maintenance in the equipment management and planned maintenance work in the status of the operating workers "three good", "four will" requirements more specific, improve the operating workers to maintain the knowledge and skills of the equipment. The three-tier maintenance system breaks through the former Soviet plan to repair the relevant provisions of the system, improve the plan to repair some of the shortcomings of the system, more practical. In the implementation of the three-tier maintenance system also learned and absorbed some of the practices of the military management of weapons, and emphasized the group management and group repair. Three-tier maintenance system in China's enterprises have achieved good results and experience, due to the implementation of the three-tier maintenance system, effectively improve the integrity of the enterprise equipment, reduce the accident rate of equipment, extend the equipment overhaul cycle, reduce the cost of overhaul of the equipment, and achieved a better technical and economic results. Third, fine, large, rare equipment, the use of maintenance requirements (a) four work (1) the use of personnel. According to the fixed person fixed machine system, fine, large, dilute equipment operators should choose the type of work in a strong sense of responsibility, high level of technical and practical experience, and as far as possible to maintain a relatively long period of relative stability; (2) fixed maintenance personnel. Fine, large, dilute equipment more enterprises, according to the conditions of the enterprise, can organize fine, large, dilute equipment professional maintenance or repair group, specifically responsible for fine, large, dilute equipment inspection, precision adjustment, maintenance, repair; (3) fixed operating procedures. Precision, large, rare equipment should be divided into models and prepare operating procedures, to show and strictly enforced; (4) fixed spare parts. According to a variety of fine, large, rare equipment in the production of enterprises and the role of spare parts sources, to determine the reserve quota, and prioritize the solution. (B) precision equipment use and maintenance requirements (1) must be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the manual to install the equipment; (2) the environment has special requirements of the equipment (constant temperature, humidity, shockproof, dustproof) enterprises should take appropriate measures to ensure that the accuracy of the equipment performance: (3) the equipment in the routine maintenance of the maintenance of the parts are not allowed to dismantle the parts and components, found abnormal immediately stop, do not allow operation with disease; (4) the strict implementation of the equipment manuals specify the cutting specifications, only allow the equipment to be used in accordance with the provisions of the cutting specifications, only allowed to be used in accordance with the instructions and spare parts. Cutting specifications, only allowed to parts finishing according to direct use. Processing allowance should be as small as possible. Processing of castings, the blank surface should be pre-blasted or painted; (5) non-working hours should be added to the shield, a long period of time off, should be regularly wiped, lubrication, idling; (6) accessories and special tools should be a special cabinet shelves, to keep clean, to prevent research injuries, and shall not be lent. Fourth, the use of power equipment maintenance requirements of power equipment is the key equipment in the enterprise, in the operation of high temperature, high pressure, flammable, toxic and other dangerous factors, is to ensure the safety of the production of key parts, in order to achieve a safe continuous and stable supply of kinetic energy needed for production, the use of power equipment maintenance should have special requirements: (1) operation and operation personnel must be trained in advance and after the examination; (2) there must be a complete set of technical information, safe operation of technical regulations. (2) there must be complete technical information, safety operation technical regulations and operation records; (3) operating personnel should be on duty at any time during the tour of inspection, shall not leave their posts at will; (4) in the process of operation in case of abnormalities, the duty officer should be in accordance with the operating procedures for emergency treatment, and promptly report to the superiors; (5) to ensure that a variety of indicators and safety devices are sensitive and accurate, and regularly calibrated. Standby equipment is complete and reliable; (6) power equipment shall not operate with disease, any failure must be eliminated in time; (7) regular preventive tests and seasonal inspections; (8) often on-duty personnel safety education, strict implementation of safety and security system. Fifth, the regional maintenance of equipment, equipment, regional maintenance, also known as maintenance workers package mechanism. Maintenance workers to undertake a certain production area of equipment maintenance work, and production workers *** with the production operation to do a good job of routine maintenance, inspection tours, regular maintenance, scheduled repairs and troubleshooting work, and is responsible for the completion of the equipment within the area of the completion rate, the failure of the shutdown rate and other assessment indicators. Regional maintenance responsibility system is to strengthen the equipment maintenance for production services, mobilize the enthusiasm of maintenance workers and production workers to take the initiative to care about equipment maintenance and repair work in a good form. Equipment professional maintenance of the main form of organization is the regional maintenance group. Regional maintenance group is fully responsible for the production of regional equipment maintenance and emergency repair work, its tasks are: (1) responsible for the maintenance and repair of equipment in the region, to ensure the completion of the equipment integrity rate, failure downtime rate and other indicators; (2) the implementation of the equipment regular inspection and regional inspection system, guidance and supervision of the operation of the workers to do a good job of routine maintenance and regular maintenance; (3) under the guidance of the workshop mechanics (3) under the guidance of the shop mechanic to participate in equipment condition survey, precision inspection, adjustment, leakage control, fault analysis and condition monitoring work. Regional maintenance group of this form of equipment maintenance organization has the advantage of: a high degree of mobility in the completion of emergency repairs, so that the shortest possible downtime for equipment repairs, and on-duty clampers in the absence of a call, you can complete the preventive operations and participate in the planned repairs. Equipment maintenance area should consider the distribution of production equipment, equipment conditions, technical complexity, production needs and repair the technical level of the clampers and other factors. Can be based on the above factors will be divided into a number of workshop equipment area, but also according to the type of equipment divided into regional maintenance group. Equipment for flow production lines should be divided into maintenance areas by line. The regional maintenance group should prepare a regular inspection and accuracy inspection program and set out the time for routine inspections of the equipment on each shift. In order to make these tasks do not affect the production, the planned inspection of equipment to be arranged in the factory's non-working days, while the routine inspection of each shift to be arranged in the production workers' lunch break. Sixth, improve the level of equipment maintenance measures to improve the level of equipment maintenance should be made to maintain the work of the basic to achieve the three, that is, standardization, technology, institutionalization. Standardization is to make the maintenance of content unity, which parts of the cleaning, which parts should be adjusted, which device should be checked, according to the situation of each enterprise in accordance with the objective law to be unified considerations and regulations. Process is based on different equipment to develop the maintenance process procedures, according to the procedures for maintenance. Institutionalization is based on different working conditions of different equipment, providing different maintenance cycles and maintenance time, and strictly enforced. Regular maintenance work, to develop a quota of working hours and material consumption quota and should be assessed according to the quota. Equipment maintenance work should be combined with the enterprise production economic contract responsibility system for assessment. At the same time, the enterprise should also mobilize the masses to carry out the combination of specialized groups of equipment maintenance work, self-inspection, mutual inspection, to carry out equipment inspection