(I) user-side settlement
1. Settlement method
In order to facilitate the timely settlement of electricity charges, China generally adopts the method of "pre-purchasing electricity" to settle electricity charges. Electricity users use electricity according to the pre-purchased amount, and the power grid company provides a charging voucher. After the electricity charges are settled, the electricity users bring the charging voucher in exchange for a formal electricity bill.
2. Settlement fees
The electricity fees settled by users in the current month are mainly composed of market-oriented transaction fees, non-market purchase fees, transmission and distribution fees, government funds and surcharges, power factor adjustment fees, punitive fees and taxes.
where:
(1) Non-market-oriented electricity purchase price = σ non-market-oriented electricity consumption by season and time period × sales catalogue electricity price by season and time period ×(1- value-added tax rate of power industry).
(2) electricity fee for market-oriented transaction = electricity fee for energy+deviation assessment fee+electricity sales service fee, etc.
electricity energy electricity fee = medium and long-term transaction electricity fee+spot transaction electricity fee;
medium and long-term transaction electricity charge = [σ medium and long-term contracted electricity transfer × (original contract price-transfer price)+σ medium and long-term net contracted time-sharing electricity × net contracted time-sharing comprehensive electricity price (note: weighted average price) ]×(1- value-added tax rate of power industry); Spot transaction electricity fee = [σ (spot time-sharing electricity demand in recent days-medium and long-term net contract time-sharing electricity demand) ××× clearing price of spot time-sharing system in recent days+σ (real-time spot time-sharing electricity demand in recent days-real-time spot time-sharing electricity demand )×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Electricity fee for deviation assessment = electricity quantity for deviation assessment × price for deviation assessment ×(1- VAT rate of power industry) (Note: if there is spot transaction in the area, there is no deviation assessment fee);
electricity sales service fee = σ electricity consumption of electricity sales company in trading agent× price of electricity sales company in trading agent× (1-VAT rate of power industry);
(3) transmission and distribution fee = total electricity consumption of the user in the current month × transmission and distribution price of the user's voltage level (note: transmission and distribution price includes value-added tax, line loss and cross subsidy )× (1-VAT rate of power industry).
(4) basic electricity fee = transformer capacity (or maximum demand) × basic electricity price ×(1- value-added tax rate of power industry).
(5) government funds and surcharges = total electricity consumption of users in the current month × (national major water conservancy project construction fund+large and medium-sized reservoir resettlement support fund+local small reservoir resettlement support fund+rural power grid reconstruction loan repayment fund+renewable energy tariff surcharge )× (1-power industry value-added tax rate).
(6) Power factor adjustment tariff = (non-market tariff+market tariff+transmission and distribution tariff+basic tariff+government funds and surcharges) ××× (1-value-added tax rate of power industry).
(7) punitive electricity fee = total electricity consumption of users in the current month × punitive price increase standard ×(1- value-added tax rate of power industry).
(8) tax = (non-market-oriented electricity fee+market-oriented electricity fee+transmission and distribution fee+basic electricity fee+government fund and additional+power factor adjustment electricity fee+punitive electricity fee) × power industry value-added tax rate.
to sum up, the home-to-home electricity price = the electricity bill settled by the user in the current month ÷ the total electricity consumption of the user in the current month.