What is the chemical composition of electroplated nickel? What are the elements?

Because copper castings are different from steel parts, itself does not have catalytic activity, for this reason, copper castings can not be directly for chemical plating. In order to chemical plating can be carried out smoothly, all so that the surface of copper castings with catalytic activity of the method can be. 1. such as iron or wire in the surface of the copper casting for initiation, so that the surface of the copper substrate to quickly generate a thin layer of nickel (generally non-pure nickel, there are other elements, depending on what is the reductant) layer, due to nickel has catalytic activity, so the chemical plating can be carried out smoothly. 2. can also be used in palladium chloride, hydrochloric acid, tin chloride, etc., after activation, the chemical composition is the same as that in the chemical plating. Tin chloride, etc., after activation, sensitization treatment, there is also a step to complete (activation, sensitization solution formulated together), so that the surface of the copper casting to generate a thin layer of palladium, palladium has catalytic activity, put in the normal nickel-plating solution, can be chemically nickel-plated.3. The use of certain organics and so on.