Qiqihar is located in the Songnen Plain in northeast China, at 122 to 126 degrees east longitude and 45 to 48 degrees north latitude, bordered by Daqing City and Suihua area in the east, Baicheng area in Jilin Province in the south, Hulunbeier League in Inner Mongolia in the west, and Heihe and Daxinganling in the north, with a total land area of 42,289 square kilometers, and an altitude of generally between 200 and 500 meters.
Qiqihar west, north and northeast of the Daxing'anling and Xiaoxing'anling surrounded by the terrain in a horseshoe, high on both sides, low in the middle, from north to south gradually decline. The terrain is mainly plains (including river valley plains, estuarine plains, lake plains, dune-covered alluvial plains), with a proportion of 83.7%; high plains (including denuded high plains, alluvial high plains), with a proportion of 7.6%; mountainous (including low mountains, hills, volcanoes, and basaltic terraces), with a proportion of 4.2%.
Climate: Qiqihar City is a temperate continental monsoon climate, the four seasons are very obvious: dry and windy in the spring, hot and rainy in the summer, the fall is short and early frost, and the winter is dry and cold and long. Qiqihar south of the warm arid agro-climatic zone, the center of the mild semi-arid agro-climatic zone, the north of the cool semi-humid agro-climatic zone.
Qiqihar City, the average annual temperature between 0.7 to 4.2 degrees Celsius, the difference between north and south of about 3.5 degrees Celsius. The average annual frost-free period is 122 to 151 days. Annual radiation is 110 to 120 kilocalories per square centimeter, similar to that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and 65 to 67 kilocalories per square centimeter during the growing season (May to September).
Annual sunshine hours range from 2,600 to 2,900, with 1,300 to 1,350 hours during the growing season (May to September).
Annual precipitation ranges from 400 to 550 millimeters, and during the growing season it generally ranges from 350 to 480 millimeters, which accounts for more than 85 percent of the annual precipitation.
Favorable climatic conditions in Qiqihar are abundant radiation, rain and heat in the same season, and unfavorable climatic conditions are drought, flooding, low temperature, early frost, wind, etc., and their degree of harm to crops varies greatly from year to year and geographically.
City Economy
In 1999, the gross national product of Qiqihar was 26.834 billion yuan. Among them, the primary industry amounted to 8.197 billion yuan, the secondary industry 8.351 billion yuan, and the tertiary industry 10.286 billion yuan, with the ratio of the three being 30.6:31.1:38.3 . The total investment in fixed assets was 3.177 billion yuan, with new fixed assets amounting to 2.365 billion yuan.
Agriculture: Qiqihar is one of the national bases for grain production and animal husbandry. Qiqihar's rich land resources are suitable for the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries and a variety of business, in 1999 the city's total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries 13.7 billion yuan. The main grain crops are wheat, soybean, corn, rice, etc., and cash crops are potato, sunflower, sugar beet, flax, etc. In 1999, the city's grain output reached 6,636,000 tons.At the end of 1999, the city's large livestock inventory of 837,000 heads of meat production of 198,000 tons, the value of pastoral industry output of 2.43 billion yuan.
Industry: Qiqihar is an emerging industrial city and one of the important industrial bases of the country. The city has more than 2,600 industrial enterprises, has formed machinery, metallurgy, electronics, light industry, textiles, chemicals, building materials, medicine, paper, food and other categories of industrial production system is relatively complete. There are tens of thousands of industrial products, the main products are steel, steel, machine tools, trucks, flat glass, cement, coke, machine-made paper and cardboard, sugar, wine, thermoelectricity, etc. In 1999, the city's total industrial output value was 22.7 billion yuan, of which 11.3 billion yuan was for light industry and 11.4 billion yuan for heavy industry.
Construction: In 1999, the total output value of the city's construction industry was 2.148 billion yuan, and the completed housing area was 1.264 million square meters.
Tertiary industry: Qiqihar is an important distribution center of commodities and materials in Heilongjiang Province, and has formed a relatively perfect market system, the city's market has developed to 227, with an annual turnover of 4.51 billion yuan.
The city's retail sales of consumer goods totaled 11.556 billion yuan in 1999; deposits of financial institutions amounted to 23.53 billion yuan; and the insurance underwriting amounted to 49.478 billion yuan. The city's total retail sales of consumer goods amounted to 11.556 billion yuan; deposits of financial institutions amounted to 23.53 billion yuan; insurance underwriting amounted to 49.478 billion yuan.
Qiqihar's foreign trade is active, especially to the Russian border barter trade, has a relatively prominent geographical advantage, in 1999 to realize the total amount of 48.48 million U.S. dollars in the amount of exports and imports of goods exported to 6 continents, 33 countries and regions, the export of varieties up to 88 varieties of 12 major categories. Foreign economic and technological cooperation in the field and scale is expanding, from the United States, Japan, Italy, South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and more than a dozen countries and regions and domestic merchants in Qiqiha City, invested in a number of joint ventures, cooperative ventures, wholly foreign-owned enterprises and domestic joint ventures.
Transportation
Qiqihar is the transportation hub in the northwest of Heilongjiang Province.
Railway The railroad reaches 7 counties and 6 districts, and there are 57 stations of 4 railroads in the city, namely Binzhou, Pingqi, Qibei and Fuxi. 58 passenger trains are sent out from Qiqihar Railway Station every day, among which 4 trains go directly to Beijing, and 16 trains go to the provincial city of Harbin. in 1999, the number of passengers sent out was 28.15 million people, the number of cargoes sent out was 30.23 million tons, and the number of arrivals of cargoes was 40.05 million tons.
Highway The city has a well-developed highway network, realizing the village highway. The total mileage of highway is 5,474 kilometers, and 6,957 kilometers are open to traffic in rainy days. There are 17,793 freight cars and 13,329 passenger cars in the city. in 1999, the passenger traffic volume was 24,211,000 people and the freight traffic volume was 34,051,000 tons.
Water Transportation The water transportation on the Nenjiang River is smooth, and the motorboats can reach Nenjiang County upstream and Harbin City downstream. Furalki has two thousand-ton berths with an annual material throughput capacity of nearly 260,000 tons.
Civil aviation Flights have opened Qiqihar to Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang, Dalian, Heihe, Hailar and other seven routes.
Post and Telecommunications Qiqihar has a complete system, advanced technology, adequate capacity infrastructure, program-controlled telephone, analog, digital cell phones, data communications, digital microwave, fiber optic transmission and other advanced communications technology has been rapidly applied.
Multi-ethnic city:
Qiqihar is a multi-ethnic city, the ethnic minorities are Manchu, Korean, Mongolian, Hui, Daur, Ewenke, Kirgiz, Xibe, Oroqen, Miao, Herzhe and so on.