Quoting Wuyi Lane shows that things inside have changed.
Appreciation of Ling Ke Lane
Ling Ke is a famous essayist and film playwright in modern and contemporary China. His prose not only follows the road of May 4th New Literature, but also inherits the profound tradition of classical literature. Its style is elegant and beautiful, graceful and delicate, and unique. Among them, a group of essays named "Longshan Miscellanies" is the most praised. This set of essays takes Shaoxing, Zhejiang, the author's hometown as the background, and describes the author's feelings and what he saw and heard at that time. Lane is one of the most representative articles.
At the beginning of the article, the characteristics of the alley in the author's mind are clearly pointed out: "It is an elegant and quiet prose in urban architectural art, a simple and diluted picture." Here, the author uses other elegant and exquisite arts (essays and pictures) that people are familiar with to compare the charm of the alley, which makes the image of the alley come alive at once, not only starting from the following, but also setting the tone for the full text.
The second part of the article begins to introduce the characteristics of alley in detail. The article points out that most of the alleys written by the author exist in towns in the south of the Yangtze River. Like a girl in an ancient boudoir, she refused to show up easily. Only those who have lived in it for a long time and have feelings for it can appreciate its charm. Then, the author changed a pen and wrote about the mean alleys in the country, the alleys in Shanghai and the hutongs in the north. In his works, the alleys in the countryside are dirty and shabby, the alleys in Shanghai are messy and crowded, and the hutongs in the north are filled with yellow sand all day long. And alleys are never like this. Alleys are much more beautiful-this message is hidden in these negative sentences. It can be said that the beauty of the alley is highlighted in comparison with other places. It is the ugliness and depression in other places that set off the elegance of the alley and the neatness and brightness of the alley. This passage does not directly describe the alley, but the characteristics and beauty of the alley have deeply attracted readers' attention.
However, the alley is beautiful, but it gives people a feeling that it is still far away and hazy. If you really want to appreciate the charm of the alley, you have to go deep into the alley and feel the grass and trees in it. So, after arousing readers' curiosity with the method of contrast and contrast, the author began to lead us to wander in the middle of the alley. The outside world is "deep and long", full of twists and turns. A person has to walk a long way, sometimes it seems to come to an end, but when he turns a corner, it turns around. In the atmosphere, it is always so quiet and lonely that people walking in the alley can clearly hear their footsteps. Its two sides are antique walls, and the mottled moss marks on the walls record its long history, while the vines, thin bamboo and delicate peach blossoms on the walls illustrate its vibrant present. Even the dogs lying there are very friendly. They will never bite or bark at pedestrians. Such an alley is really cute! It can be seen that the author is full of affection to describe the bits and pieces of the alley, and there is a touching nostalgia between the lines, which makes the ordinary Jiangnan alley glow with dazzling brilliance.
After writing the external beauty of the alley, the author began to dive into the connotation of the alley. There is no doubt that the alley looks beautiful, but its beauty is not limited to its appearance, but lies in its profound historical and cultural connotation. It is calm and calm, but behind this calm and calm, there are many vicissitudes of life in the world! In this passage, the author used an allusion to Wuyi Lane. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wuyi Lane was the residence of a famous family, but in the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi's works, it has lost its former prosperity and become a place where ordinary people live: "There are weeds by the Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset in Wuyi Lane is oblique. In the old society, Wang Xie Tang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people. " In just four poems, the author's perception of history and the changes of the world is pinned! The alley written by the author may be such a "Wuyi Lane", which looks ordinary in appearance, but it may have existed for thousands of years. A long history and rich cultural background can always bring endless leisure to future generations, make people feel calm, uneasy and understand the true meaning of life. This is the charm of alleys, and this is the charm of China culture.
The alley is so beautiful, what is good for people? In the next paragraph, the article will talk about the beauty of alleys from different angles. Here are some assumptions: if you feel tired from work and physically and mentally exhausted, walking in the alley is enough to make you tired and relaxed; If you feel upset and depressed, the alley will make you forget everything and be open-minded and cheerful. If you have a lover, you don't have to take her to any places of interest, just go for a walk in the alley with her in a leisurely morning or evening. No one will stare at you with malicious intent here. Even if a girl walks out of an alley and sees you, she will shy away from you.
Is the alley here just an alley? Therefore, the author says it is a "typhoon shelter in a sea of people", which can bring people a sense of security that is not available elsewhere; It is a "secluded place in the hustle and bustle of the city", which can give ordinary people a chance to relax. And this kind of indifferent, elegant and quiet life is exactly the ideal realm pursued by the author. So, at the end of the article, the author can't help calling to invite like-minded people to the alley.
This article has a unique language. The author attaches great importance to the tempering of language and conveys the unique elegance and conciseness of China's writing style. Beautiful words, patchwork sentence patterns and cadence rhythm all show the author's profound accomplishment. Good at combining classical Chinese with vernacular Chinese, written language and spoken language. In his works, old words are used in new ways, classical Chinese is used flexibly, and verbs are used together. The sentence pattern is flexible and changeable, such as flowing water, with signs of Tang and Song prose and brand-new modern prose, which is integrated with ancient and modern times and forms its own system. He is also good at combining everyday language with rigorous antithesis, and is good at narration, parallelism, questioning and metaphor. He writes fluently and freely, which is difficult to achieve unless he has rich experience and profound knowledge.
Second, Ryan's appreciation
Miscellanies of Longshan is a set of essays written by Ling Ke in the early 1930s. This set of essays is based on the author's hometown of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and expresses the author's personal feelings at this time. The famous essay Xiang is one of them.
1in the spring of 930, Ling Ke once broke into Shanghai with his own literary ideal, but soon hit a wall and turned back. At that time, in the ancient city of Shaoxing, the author felt lonely and didn't want to live in the outside world. "It seemed like a deformed child who was excluded from the crowd and could only hear the laughter of others in the distance" ("Leaving the Swing Yard"). He wandered in the landscape alley of his hometown, silently letting go of his loss, loneliness and disappointment after hitting the wall, thus discovering the amorous feelings and beauty of the alley, which is a "typhoon shelter in a sea of people". Ryan reflects the author's melancholy mood at this time.
Lane can be roughly divided into two parts according to its content. The first four paragraphs describe the style and style of the alley; The last three sections are about the beauty and function of the alley. At the beginning of the article, the stylistic characteristics of Xiang are pointed out. "Fragrance is an elegant prose in urban architectural art, and it is a picture of simplicity and dilution." Then, the author is in direct proportion to highlight elegant and quiet alleys, quaint and dilution. The alley described by the author is like an ancient elegant and quiet girl, hiding in a quiet boudoir and glowing with her unique youth. It is different from the simple and dilapidated country road, it is elegant; It is also different from the crowded alleys in Shanghai, calm and quiet; It is even different from the dusty hutongs in the north. It's neat and clear. Ryan has his own style. This direct proportion contrast seems that the author does not fully explain the characteristics of the alley, so he began to lead us to wander in this long and lonely alley and appreciate its style. This kind of alley, living in the city, is "isolated from the world of mortals in the city"; It is far from the metropolis, but there is no earthy smell in the backcountry. It is long and lonely, and it takes a long time to walk. It is quiet and peaceful, so quiet that you can "hear your footsteps clearly". It is lonely and quiet, but it is not dead. You see, on both sides of the alley, "bamboo is dense and fine; When spring comes, there are often a few delicate peach blossoms and apricot flowers, which are graceful and colorful, waving tea from the wall and waving to pedestrians. " Spring is full of vigor and vitality. This is not a girl full of youthful vitality in a quiet boudoir. What is this?
If the above sections highlight the tranquility, elegance and dilution of the alley, then the fourth section highlights its elegance and freedom. It is extremely leisurely, without any fetters and troubles. It is a kind of peace and quiet, without the harassment of storms. Is this free and easy after joys and sorrows? Therefore, we can be quiet in the noise, chew the vicissitudes of the world alone, silently enjoy the setting sun and the sunset, and the birds fly low. "It's just an atmosphere as clear as water, which purifies everything, covers everything and makes people forget their troubles." At this point, the elegant and quiet prose "Lane" and the simple and diluted picture have been fully displayed in front of us.
In the second half, the author wrote about the beauty and function of alley. At this point, the author pays more attention to spiritual feelings. In the author's specific state of mind, alley is like a long melody that slowly flows to your heart. Do you feel overworked? Alleys can relieve your fatigue and troubles. You are in a blue mood, and alley can nourish your feelings, make you feel comfortable and forget things. Here, the alley is your own world, and you can talk freely with your lover without worrying about greedy eyes and malicious squints. Alley is a typhoon shelter in a sea of people, where you can adjust your panic mentality. Ryan is a cave in the world of mortals. Wandering here can wash away the dust in your heart. It is most suitable for people who love to be quiet and indifferent, where they can meditate and wander. This is the beauty of alley, and it is also the author's interest at this time.
The style of Xiang is elegant, quiet and quaint, so is the text of Xiang. The author came here slowly with exquisite and fluent vernacular, talked for a long time, and told you the characteristics and fun of alley in detail and affectionately. The emotional color seems dull, but in fact it is dignified, which reflects the author's love for the lane and his interest. In order to highlight the style of the alley, the author sometimes uses overlapping words, such as "The alley is deep", "It is often lonely, lonely …" and "Bamboo is dense and natural". This kind of overlapping words, like graceful music, has endless aftertaste and produces a feeling of elegance and tranquility. Sometimes, the sentences are scattered at the same time, and the words are precise and concise, like small ups and downs in the flow of music, long and tactfully. At the same time, the combination of patchwork and elegant and concise words makes the article full of the charm of ancient poetry and memorable. In a word, Ryan's content and form are perfectly unified, which writes Ryan's style and the author's ideological interest.
Other titles in Nong and Longshan Miscellaneous Notes were produced in a specific era (early 1930s) and the author's specific mentality, which reflected the author's gloomy mood at this time. The author said to himself that "most of them are trivial things around me, moaning without illness, and even the shadow of life is dim to be invisible", and "in them, I saw a trembling and timid soul" ("I expect myself to be like this" March 1935). However, "I listen to the night tide and the boatman's voice" (the author quoted Lu Lun's poems to illustrate his works when he published the anthology "Looking Away" on 1956), and the melancholy in Lane is the spiritual portrayal of the author's unwillingness to live in the world. In those days, real surfers would not live in this quiet typhoon shelter. 193 1 In the winter of, Ling Ke went to Shanghai again and began his new and more brilliant creative career.
(Excerpted from Appreciation of Modern American Literature in China, Hebei People's Publishing House, 1996 edition, by Fan Zhiqiang. )
Wandering in the depths of the city —— Reading Ling Ke's Alley
Lane literally means "narrow street"; Most of the north is called Hutong, and the south is called Lane. However, whether it is hutong, alley or alley, its pivotal position in China architecture and China culture is really amazing; It embodies the unique aesthetic taste and attitude towards life of the Chinese nation, and it is also worthy of our careful taste. Alleys, especially those in the south of the Yangtze River, have fascinated many literati and poets throughout the ages. They wandered among them, singing and singing, leaving behind one beautiful masterpiece after another. In fact, "Jiangnan Alley" has gradually accumulated into an important archetypal image in China literature because it has been repeatedly sung in China's poems handed down from generation to generation. Whether Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, lamented that weeds were overgrown beside Zhuque Bridge, and the sun was setting at the entrance of Wuyi Lane, or Lu You, a poet in the Song Dynasty, listened to the spring rain all night in a small building and sold apricot flowers in a deep alley, or Dai Wangshu, a modern poet, wrote that "wandering alone in a long/lonely rain lane with an oil-paper umbrella" brought us endless poetic nostalgia. With its poetic style, the essay Lane by Ling Ke, a well-known modern writer, allows us to appreciate the exquisite, simple, elegant, quiet and indifferent beauty of the alleys in the south of the Yangtze River, so that we can fully enjoy the aesthetics and realize the profound enlightenment of life.
One of the biggest characteristics of the alley described by the author is that it is "small". In China's traditional cultural concept, smallness and cleverness always seem to be inextricably linked. Indeed, the smaller the artwork, the more delicate it is, so exquisite porcelain and jade carvings, as well as embroidery in the south of the Yangtze River, will once become an important symbol of China people's intelligence. Moreover, the alley and "Jiangnan" are connected together, which always gives people a small, exquisite, slender and gentle impression. Jiangnan alley is located in a small city in the south, and it is by no means a metropolis like Beijing and Shanghai. Small bridges, narrow slates and white walls with grey tiles have created the "Jiangnan" in China literature. In addition, the author also firmly grasps the "elegance" characteristics of the alleys in the south of the Yangtze River, and makes a detailed and emotional description. The elegance of the alley first lies in its long history and profound cultural heritage. The change of alleys is often the development history of a city. The white walls with gray tiles are full of vicissitudes, and the carved columns and painted buildings are also full of strong folk customs. Contemporary life is changing with each passing day. However, the increasingly fast pace can hardly hide people's nostalgic desire in the depths of their souls. Old alleys just meet the needs of modern people, and they often arouse our inner happiness and warmth inadvertently. Alleys are hidden deep in the city. They are "like ancient girls, hiding in secluded boudoir and refusing to show their faces easily". Only after living in the city for a long time can you interpret its charm, so it is "implicit" and elegant. However, the alleys in the south of the Yangtze River are not "elegant" to the degree of isolation. They are "different from the world, still human" and close to people's lives. Therefore, an alley is like a long street amorous feelings map, which shows the most authentic ecology and mentality of ordinary people; It is also like a string of winding, moving, elegant and gentle notes, and its melody is beating in the hearts of ordinary people. It's just that there is no yellow sand in the north, the noise in the alleys in Shanghai, and the muddy and rough alleys in the countryside. In a word, it is refreshing, clean and pleasing to the eye.
Finally, the author also highlights the "quietness" of the alleys in the south of the Yangtze River. Deep in the alley, it is often "silent, silent", so quiet that you can only hear your own footsteps. It embodies a quiet, indifferent, peaceful and leisurely life realm; It is most suitable for meditation and leisurely walking. After a hard day's work, people who are exhausted should get a moment's rest and peace of mind in this "typhoon shelter" and "quiet cave"
The language of the whole article is musical, fluent and catchy. It is as sparkling and tinkling as the rushing water in the mountains, and its beauty is dizzying. The author makes full use of the vividness and musicality of Chinese itself and mobilizes a lot of rhetorical devices such as metaphor, antithesis and parallelism, which has a strong artistic appeal.