Mechanical properties of the connection function, insertion and extraction force is an important mechanical properties. Insertion force is divided into insertion force and pull-out force (pull-out force is also known as separation force), the two requirements are different. In the relevant standards have the maximum insertion force and minimum separation force provisions, which indicates that, from the point of view of the use, the insertion force should be small (so that there is a low insertion force LIF and no insertion force ZIF structure), while the separation force, if too small, will affect the reliability of the contact.
Another important mechanical property is the mechanical life of the connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability (durability) indicators, in the national standard GB5095 called it mechanical operation. It is an insertion and a pull-out for a cycle, in order to specify the insertion and pull-out cycle after the connector can normally complete its connection function (such as contact resistance value) as the basis for judgment. Connector insertion and extraction force and mechanical life and contact structure (positive pressure size) contact parts of the coating quality (sliding friction coefficient) and contact arrangement of dimensional accuracy (alignment). Electrical properties of the connector's main electrical properties include contact resistance, insulation resistance and electrical strength.
①Contact resistance of high-quality electrical connectors should have a low and stable contact resistance. Connector contact resistance from a few milliohms to tens of milliohms.
② insulation resistance measure of electrical connectors between the contact parts and contact parts and shell insulation between the indicators, the order of magnitude of hundreds of megohms to thousands of megohms.
③Strength or voltage resistance, dielectric withstand voltage, is characterized by the connector between the contacts or contacts and shells between the ability to withstand the rated test voltage. Environmental performance of common environmental performance including temperature, humidity, salt spray, vibration and shock.
①Temperature Currently, the maximum operating temperature of the connector is 200 ℃ (except for a few high-temperature special connectors), the minimum temperature of -65 ℃. As the connector works, the current at the point of contact to generate heat, resulting in temperature rise, so it is generally believed that the operating temperature should be equal to the ambient temperature and the temperature rise of the contact points and the sum. In some specifications, it is specified that the connector in the rated operating current under the maximum allowable rise. ② Resistant to the intrusion of moisture moisture will affect the connection h insulation properties, and corrosion of metal parts. Constant humidity and heat test conditions for the relative humidity of 90% to 95% (according to product specifications, up to 98%), temperature +40 ± 20 ℃, the test time according to the product, at least 96 hours. Alternating humidity and heat test is more stringent. ③ salt spray connector in the environment containing moisture and salt work, its metal structural components, contact surface treatment layer may produce galvanic corrosion, affecting the connector's physical and electrical properties. In order to evaluate the ability of electrical connectors to withstand this environment, the salt spray test is prescribed. It is the connector suspended in a temperature-controlled test chamber, with a specified concentration of sodium chloride solution sprayed with compressed air, the formation of salt spray atmosphere, the exposure time specified by the product specification, at least 48 hours. ④ vibration and shock resistance to vibration and shock is an important performance of the electrical connector, in special application environments such as aviation and aerospace, railroads and road transportation is particularly important, it is to test the mechanical structure of the electrical connector ruggedness and reliability of the electrical contact of the important indicators. There are clear provisions in the relevant test methods. Impact test should be specified in the peak acceleration, duration and impact pulse waveform, as well as the time of electrical continuity interruption. ⑤ other environmental performance according to the use of requirements, the other environmental performance of the electrical connector sealing (air leakage, liquid pressure), liquid impregnation (on the specific liquid vandalism resistance), low air pressure.
Connector products, "miniaturization", "high-speed mobility" and intelligence is the trend of future development.
The industry's future technological innovation is mainly focused on the following directions
1. Connector miniaturization development technology
The technology is mainly for the connector miniaturization trend and the development of the connector can be applied to the following 0.3mm micro-small connectors belonging to the MINI USB series of new varieties. Can be used for multi-joint expansion slot connector, can reach and exceed the multi-joint surface adhesion technology on the joints **** surface of the strict requirements of high accuracy and low cost.
2, high-frequency, high-speed wireless transmission connector technology
The technology is mainly for a variety of wireless equipment communication applications, a wide range of applications.
3, simulation application technology research
Simulation technology is based on a variety of disciplines and theories, to the computer and its corresponding software such as AutoCAD, Pro/E program stress analysis software as a tool, through the establishment of the product model and the corresponding boundary conditions, its mechanical, electrical, high-frequency and other properties of the simulation and analysis of the confirmation, so as to reduce due to the selection of materials, structure and other factors caused by irrationality. Selection, structure and other factors caused by the failure of product development costs, improve the success rate of development, and help to provide support for the realization of the product complex system applications.
4, connector intelligent technology
The technology is mainly used in the DC series of power connector products, before the transmission of power can be intelligent signal detection to ensure that the plug is inserted into place before conduction of the positive and negative poles and start the power supply can be avoided due to the plug inserted into place that is the conduction of the contact caused by the arc injury, the undesirable consequences of the burner, the future of the enterprise needs to develop other products. Similar intelligent technology.
5, precision connector technology
Precision connector involves product design, process technology and quality control technology and many other aspects, the main technology includes the following aspects:
(1) precision mold processing technology: the use of CAD, CAM and other technologies, the introduction of high-precision machining equipment in the industry, the use of production experience and advanced equipment and technical means to achieve high-precision quality mold products.
(2) Precision Stamping and Precision Injection Molding Technology: Achieve precision, high efficiency, stable all-round control and perfect surface quality of all kinds of stamping parts and injection molding parts to ensure product quality.
(3) Automated assembly technology: through the application of precision control technology, semi-automatic inspection machine technology, etc., to overcome the problem of manual operation of precision products, and improve core competitiveness.
The continuous development of the automobile industry, computer communications industry and other applications, so that the connector's market capacity has gradually expanded, the average annual growth rate in the double-digit or more, the market has a greater potential for development. China has become the world's fastest-growing connector and the largest capacity of the market.
Global connector sales in the top five applications are: automotive, computers and their peripherals, communications, industrial equipment and aerospace and military, and the growth rate of the top five applications are consumer electronics, transportation electronics, medical electronics, communications electronics, computers and peripherals. Among them, medical electronics has become a new growth point for connector applications, with the implementation of China's new health care reform and medical information technology level continues to improve, China's medical field connector market demand capacity continues to increase.
China's connectors are mainly low-end, high-end connectors accounted for a relatively low, but the demand is growing faster. At present, China's connector development is in the production to create a period of excess, in the field of high-end connectors, computers and peripheral equipment occupies the largest market share, automotive, medical equipment connector market also occupies a high share of the domestic automotive connectors accounted for about 20% of the market share, and the rapid popularization of 3G cell phones make the demand for high-end connectors is growing rapidly.
With the continuous intensification of competition in the connector manufacturing industry, large connector manufacturing enterprises between mergers and acquisitions, integration and capital operation is increasingly frequent, the domestic outstanding connector manufacturing enterprises pay more and more attention to the study of the industry market, especially on the industrial development environment and the in-depth study of the buyers of products. Because of this, a large number of domestic excellent connector brand quickly rise, and gradually become the leader in the connector manufacturing industry!
As the structure of the connector is becoming more and more diversified, new structures and applications continue to appear, trying to solve the problem of classification and naming with a fixed model has become difficult to adapt. Nevertheless, some basic classification is still based on the function of the connection inside and outside the electronic equipment, interconnection (interconnection) can be divided into five levels.
① chip package internal connection
② IC package pins and PCB connection. Typical connector IC socket.
③ printed circuit and wire or printed board connection. Typical connector printed circuit connector.
④ The connection between the baseboard and the baseboard. Typical connectors are cabinet connectors.
⑤ Device-to-device connections. Typical products are circular connectors.
Levels ③ and ④ have some overlap. In the five levels of connectors, the highest market value is ③ and ⑤ level of products, and the fastest growing is ③ level of
In accordance with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) classification, connectors belong to the electromechanical components of electronic equipment, and its specification level:
Family (family) Example: connectors
Sub-family (sub - family) Example: circular connectors. family) example: circular connectors
Type (type) example: YB type circular connectors
Variety (style) example: YB3470
Specifications (variant
In China's industry management, connectors and switches, keyboards, etc. collectively referred to as the electrical plug components, while the electrical plug components and relays collectively called the electromechanical components.